167 research outputs found
Espaços Abertos em Instituições para Idosos
Resumo: O presente artigo apresenta uma série de discussões a cerca da importância da presença de espaços abertos junto a instituições para idosos, tomando por base os resultados de uma pesquisa de mestrado centrada neste tema e desenvolvida a partir do estudo da realidade vigente no município de Porto Alegre-RS. A referida pesquisa foi desenvolvida, basicamente a partir de dois estudos de campo: o primeiro, um levantamento preliminar onde foram analisadas características físicas dos espaços abertos de uma amostra de 12 instituições; e, o segundo, um estudo de casos comparativo envolvendo duas instituições com diferentes condições de disponibilidade e qualidade de espaços abertos. Os resultados do primeiro estudo demonstraram um panorama predominantemente negativo quanto à presença e qualidade dos espaços abertos disponíveis nas instituições, com espaços demasiadamente restritos, pouco funcionais e esteticamente pouco interessantes. O segundo estudo, por outro lado, demonstrou, entre outros resultados não abordados neste artigo, uma influência da qualidade do pátio sobre a satisfação dos idosos em relação à instituição e sobre o tempo de permanência dos idosos nas áreas externas. Este estudo revelou ainda que, de forma geral, os idosos utilizam muito pouco outros espaços abertos fora da instituição como parques e praças, o que reforça a importância da presença de locais desta natureza junto à instituição.
Palavras-chave: Instituições para Idosos. Espaços Abertos. Qualidade de Vida.
Abstract: This article presents several aspects related to the importance of outdoor spaces in institutions for the elderly. It is based on the results of a master’s degree research project on this topic, which was developed according to the analysis of the actual situation of institutions in the city of Porto Alegre-RS. Two field studies were the basic sources of data for this research: the first one analyzed the physical characteristics of outdoor spaces in a sample of 12 institutions; the second one was a comparative study including two institutions with different conditions regarding the availability and quality of outdoor spaces. The results of the first study showed an overall negative situation of availability and quality of outdoor spaces in the institutions. The spaces presented restricted availability and functionality and little aesthetic interest. The second study, on the other hand, showed the influence of the quality of outdoor spaces on the satisfaction of the elderly regarding the institution and their length of stay in the outdoor. This study also revealed that elderly people usually do not use the other open areas outside the institution, such as parks and squares, very frequently. This aspect highlights the importance of outdoor spaces in institutions for the elderly.
Keywords: Institutions for the Elderly. Open Spaces. Quality of Living
Proposta de plano de manejo orgânico na transição agroecológica para produção orgânica de hortaliças em uma pequena propriedade em Encantado - Vale do Taquari/RS.
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Previous issue date: 2014-11-19201
Entanglement dynamics of three-qubit states in noisy channels
We study entanglement dynamics of the three-qubit system which is initially
prepared in pure Greenberger-Horne- Zeilinger (GHZ) or W state and transmitted
through one of the Pauli channels or the
depolarizing channel. With the help of the lower bound for three-qubit
concurrence we show that the W state preserves more entanglement than the GHZ
state in transmission through the Pauli channel . For the Pauli
channels and the depolarizing channel, however, the
entanglement of the GHZ state is more resistant against decoherence than the
W-type entanglement. We also briefly discuss how the accuracy of the lower
bound approximation depends on the rank of the density matrix under
consideration.Comment: 2 figures, 32 reference
Experimental realization of a low-noise heralded single photon source
We present a heralded single-photon source with a much lower level of
unwanted background photons in the output channel by using the herald photon to
control a shutter in the heralded channel. The shutter is implemented using a
simple field programable gate array controlled optical switch.Comment: 4 pages, 5 figure
Toward Global Quantum Communication: Beam Wandering Preserves Nonclassicality
Tap-proof long-distance quantum communication requires a deep understanding
of the strong losses in transmission channels. Here we provide a rigorous
treatment of the effects of beam wandering, one of the leading disturbances in
atmospheric channels, on the quantum properties of light. From first principles
we derive the probability distribution of the beam transmissivity, with the aim
to completely characterize the quantum state of light. It turns out that beam
wandering may preserve nonclassical effects, such as entanglement, quadrature
and photon number squeezing, much better than a standard attenuating channel of
the same losses.Comment: published versio
Entanglement distribution and quantum discord
Establishing entanglement between distant parties is one of the most
important problems of quantum technology, since long-distance entanglement is
an essential part of such fundamental tasks as quantum cryptography or quantum
teleportation. In this lecture we review basic properties of entanglement and
quantum discord, and discuss recent results on entanglement distribution and
the role of quantum discord therein. We also review entanglement distribution
with separable states, and discuss important problems which still remain open.
One such open problem is a possible advantage of indirect entanglement
distribution, when compared to direct distribution protocols.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figures, contribution to "Lectures on general quantum
correlations and their applications", edited by Felipe Fanchini, Diogo
Soares-Pinto, and Gerardo Adess
Testing foundations of quantum mechanics with photons
The foundational ideas of quantum mechanics continue to give rise to
counterintuitive theories and physical effects that are in conflict with a
classical description of Nature. Experiments with light at the single photon
level have historically been at the forefront of tests of fundamental quantum
theory and new developments in photonics engineering continue to enable new
experiments. Here we review recent photonic experiments to test two
foundational themes in quantum mechanics: wave-particle duality, central to
recent complementarity and delayed-choice experiments; and Bell nonlocality
where recent theoretical and technological advances have allowed all
controversial loopholes to be separately addressed in different photonics
experiments.Comment: 10 pages, 5 figures, published as a Nature Physics Insight review
articl
Can One Trust Quantum Simulators?
Various fundamental phenomena of strongly-correlated quantum systems such as
high- superconductivity, the fractional quantum-Hall effect, and quark
confinement are still awaiting a universally accepted explanation. The main
obstacle is the computational complexity of solving even the most simplified
theoretical models that are designed to capture the relevant quantum
correlations of the many-body system of interest. In his seminal 1982 paper
[Int. J. Theor. Phys. 21, 467], Richard Feynman suggested that such models
might be solved by "simulation" with a new type of computer whose constituent
parts are effectively governed by a desired quantum many-body dynamics.
Measurements on this engineered machine, now known as a "quantum simulator,"
would reveal some unknown or difficult to compute properties of a model of
interest. We argue that a useful quantum simulator must satisfy four
conditions: relevance, controllability, reliability, and efficiency. We review
the current state of the art of digital and analog quantum simulators. Whereas
so far the majority of the focus, both theoretically and experimentally, has
been on controllability of relevant models, we emphasize here the need for a
careful analysis of reliability and efficiency in the presence of
imperfections. We discuss how disorder and noise can impact these conditions,
and illustrate our concerns with novel numerical simulations of a paradigmatic
example: a disordered quantum spin chain governed by the Ising model in a
transverse magnetic field. We find that disorder can decrease the reliability
of an analog quantum simulator of this model, although large errors in local
observables are introduced only for strong levels of disorder. We conclude that
the answer to the question "Can we trust quantum simulators?" is... to some
extent.Comment: 20 pages. Minor changes with respect to version 2 (some additional
explanations, added references...
Cognition and bimanual performance in children with unilateral cerebral palsy: Protocol for a multicentre, cross-sectional study
© 2018 The Author(s). Background: Motor outcomes of children with unilateral cerebral palsy are clearly documented and well understood, yet few studies describe the cognitive functioning in this population, and the associations between the two is poorly understood. Using two hands together in daily life involves complex motor and cognitive processes. Impairment in either domain may contribute to difficulties with bimanual performance. Research is yet to derive whether, and how, cognition affects a child's ability to use their two hands to perform bimanual tasks. Methods/Design: This study will use a prospective, cross-sectional multi-centre observational design. Children (aged 6-12 years) with unilateral cerebral palsy will be recruited from one of five Australian treatment centres. We will examine associations between cognition, bimanual performance and brain neuropathology (lesion type and severity) in a sample of 131 children. The primary outcomes are: Motor - the Assisting Hand Assessment; Cognitive - Executive Function; and Brain - lesion location on structural MRI. Secondary data collected will include: Motor - Box and Blocks, ABILHAND- Kids, Sword Test; Cognitive - standard neuropsychological measures of intelligence. We will use generalized linear modelling and structural equation modelling techniques to investigate relationships between bimanual performance, executive function and brain lesion location. Discussion: This large multi-centre study will examine how cognition affects bimanual performance in children with unilateral cerebral palsy. First, it is anticipated that distinct relationships between bimanual performance and cognition (executive function) will be identified. Second, it is anticipated that interrelationships between bimanual performance and cognition will be associated with common underlying neuropathology. Findings have the potential to improve the specificity of existing upper limb interventions by providing more targeted treatments and influence the development of novel methods to improve both cognitive and motor outcomes in children with unilateral cerebral palsy
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