Analysis of Insulin Doses of Chinese Type 2 Diabetic Patients with Intensive Insulin Treatment

BACKGROUND: To investigate the daily insulin doses and the ratio of basal insulin to total daily insulin in Chinese type 2 diabetic patients who received basal bolus insulin therapy. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Totally 2480 patients prescribed with pre-meal bolus insulin and bedtime basal insulin were included. The mean daily insulin doses was 38.22 ± 14.92 IU/day, the mean daily insulin doses per weight was 0.58 ± 0.22 IU/kg, the mean bolus insulin dose was 0.44 ± 0.17 IU/kg and the mean basal insulin dose was 0.13 ± 0.08 IU/kg. The mean basal/total daily insulin ratio (BD/TDD) was 0.23 ± 0.08. In most patients (47.94%), the BD/TDD was between 0.20 and 0.30. Diabetic duration, BMI, HbA1c, fasting and postprandial blood glucose level were positively associated with daily insulin dose, while age was negatively associated with daily insulin dose. Diabetic duration, BMI, HbA1c, fasting blood glucose level, and using metformin were positively associated with BD/TDD ratio, while age, postprandial C peptide, postprandial blood glucose level and CRE level were negatively associated with BD/TDD ratio. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: The daily insulin doses of intensive treatment in Chinese type 2 diabetic patients was 38.22 IU/day, the mean daily insulin doses per weight was 0.58 IU/kg, mean BD/TDD ratio was 0.23

Comparison of Vildagliptin-Metformin and Glimepiride-Metformin Treatments in Type 2 Diabetic Patients

BackgroundThe present study investigated the efficacy and safety of vildagliptin-metformin treatment compared to those of glimepiride-metformin treatment for type 2 diabetes.MethodsIn a randomized, open-label, comparative study, 106 patients with type 2 diabetes were enrolled. The primary endpoint was a reduction in HbA1c from baseline and secondary endpoints included fasting plasma glucose (FPG) or 2-hour postprandial glucose (2h-PPG) reduction from baseline, as well as HbA1c responder rate and HbA1c reduction according to baseline HbA1c category.ResultsComparable HbA1c reduction was observed with a mean±standard deviation change from baseline to the 32-week endpoint of -0.94±1.15% in the vildagliptin group and -1.00±1.32% in the glimepiride group. A similar reduction in 2h-PPG (vildagliptin group 3.53±4.11 mmol/L vs. the glimepiride group 3.72±4.17 mmol/L) was demonstrated, and the decrements in FPG (vildagliptin group 1.54±2.41 mmol/L vs. glimepiride group 2.16±2.51 mmol/L) were not different between groups. The proportion of patients who achieved an HbA1c less than 7% at week 32 was 50.1% in the vildagliptin group and 56.0% in the glimepiride group. An average body weight gain of 2.53±1.21 kg in the glimepiride group was observed in contrast with the 0.23±0.69 kg weight gain noted in the vildagliptin group. A 10-fold lower incidence of hypoglycemia was demonstrated in the vildagliptin group, in addition to an absence of severe hypoglycemia.ConclusionVildagliptin-metformin treatment provided blood glucose control efficacy comparable to that of glimepiride-metformin treatment and resulted in better adverse event profiles with lower risks of hypoglycemia and weight gain

Is the Combination of Sulfonylureas and Metformin Associated With an Increased Risk of Cardiovascular Disease or All-Cause Mortality?: A meta-analysis of observational studies

OBJECTIVE—Observational studies assessing the association of combination therapy of metformin and sulfonylurea on all-cause and/or cardiovascular mortality in type 2 diabetes have shown conflicting results. We therefore evaluated the effects of combination therapy of sulfonylureas and metformin on the risk of all-cause mortality and cardiovascular disease (CVD) among people with type 2 diabetes

Administration Hosts Regional Economic Summit to Accelerate Recovery and Create Jobs in Northeast MA

<p><b>Posterior density for the multi-trait multi-environment model above (left: NUpE and right: NUtE) and for each of the single-trait multi-environment models below (left: NUpE and right: NUtE)</b>. The solid line represents the posterior density for the HN level, while the dotted line represents the posterior density for the LN level.</p