A list of commercial fish species from Santarem, state of Para, Brazil

A list, comprising 129 species in 23 families, is presented of the fish commonly caught in 1992/93 in the commercial fisheries around Santarem, Para State, Brazil. The most important families were the Pimelodidae (22 spp.), Cichildae (20) and Serrasalmidae (15), and six species contribute over 50% of the catch in weight

Novel Loci for Adiponectin Levels and Their Influence on Type 2 Diabetes and Metabolic Traits : A Multi-Ethnic Meta-Analysis of 45,891 Individuals

J. Kaprio, S. Ripatti ja M.-L. Lokki työryhmien jäseniä.Peer reviewe

O efeito da floresta alagada na alimentação de três espécies de peixes onívoros em lagos de várzea da Amazônia Central, Brasil Effects of flooded forest in the diet of three fish species in floodplain lakes of Central Amazon, Brazil

As enchentes anuais dos rios na Amazônia alagam extensas áreas de floresta conhecidas como várzeas ou igapós. Estas áreas têm papel importante na vida dos peixes da região, pois são fontes de alimento e de abrigo. Acreditamos que o desmatamento destas áreas ocasiona prejuízos à ictiofauna principalmente pela diminuição da quantidade e diversidade de alimento disponível. O estudo da relação entre a quantidade de floresta e a dieta de Parauchenipterus galeatus (Auchenipteridae, Siluriformes), Mylossoma duriventre (Characidae, Characiformes)e Triportheus elongatus (Characidae, Characiformes)permitiu registrar pela primeira vez a influência direta da floresta alagada na ecologia alimentar de peixes na Amazônia Central.<br>The annual flooding of the rivers in the Amazonia extends over large forest areas known as várzeas or igapós. These areas play an important role in the life of the fishes, as a source of food and shelter. We believe that the deforestation of these areas may affect negatively the fish fauna mainly by decreasing the amount of food resources and consequently the diversity of food types available. The study of the relationship between the riparian forest cover and the diet of Parauchenipterus galeatus (Auchenipteridae, Siluriformes), Mylossoma duriventre (Characidae, Characiformes) and Triportheus elongatus (Characidae, Characiformes) allowed to refer for the first time on the direct influence of the flooded forest in the feeding ecology of fishes in Central Amazonia

Cytogenetic analysis on Pterophyllum scalare

Cytogenetic studies were carried out on eighteen wild specimens of Pterophyllum scalare from Jari River, in Pará state, and the results were compared to literature. Mitotic chromosomes were obtained from kidney cells and the analysis was done using: C-banding, Ag-NOR staining, Chromomycin A3/DAPI sequential staining and fluorochrome in situ hybridization with human telomere probes. All individuals showed a chromosome number of 2n = 48 (12 M/SM and 36 ST/A) and FN = 60. No differences were detected between male and female karyotypes, indicating the absence of morphologically differentiated mitotic sexual chromosomes. Constitutive heterochromatin blocks were located at the centromeric and pericentromeric regions of all chromosomes. The largest submetacentric pair showed a differential staining on their short arms. Only two NOR bearing chromosomes were detected, and the stainings were observed at the distal region of the short arm of the largest chromosome pair, matching the secondary constriction. Chromomycin A3, stained the NOR and the centromeres of some chromosomes. DAPI-bands were observed at the centromeric regions of all chromosomes. Telomere sequences hybridised only at the terminal regions. © 2006 Taylor and Francis Group, LLC

Colonização ictiofaunística do Reservatório de Itaipu e áreas adjacentes Ichthyofaunistic colonization of the Itaipu Reservoir and vicinity áreas

<abstract language="eng">Samples were taken from November 1983 to October 1989 in sites along the main body of the Itaipu reservoir and its area of influence to evaluate the impacts of this reservoir on ichthyofauna and to provide information about the colonization process in the dammed area. The ichthyofaunistic similarity between the sites was analysed during the studied period. Spatial and temporal variations of the ichthyofaunistic diversity were also done, using Shannon-Winer Index of Diversity, eveness and species richness, comparing the results with those obtained before the damming. After Itaipu Reservoir formation, it was observed significative alteration in specific abundance and ichthyofauna structure of the Paraná River, with an increase in species number in ali tributaries of the reservoir, and a high replacement in species. Diversity and species richness were higher in the dammed stretch of the Paraná river and in its tributaries of the left side after the Itaipu reservoir formation. Among the sampled sites, the highest values of the diversity index were registered in Paraná River upstream and downstream the reservoir, Iguatemi river and Arroio Guaçu. Based on information of similarity in species composition and abundance in the sampled area, five site groups could be identified