Characterization of the peripheral thyroid system of gilthead seabream acclimated to different ambient salinities

Thyroid hormones are involved in many developmental and physiological processes, including osmoregulation. The regulation of the thyroid system by environmental salinity in the euryhaline gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) is still poorly characterized. To this end seabreams were exposed to four different environmental salinities (5, 15, 40 and 55 ppt) for 14 days, and plasma free thyroid hormones (fT3, ff4), outer ring deiodination and Na+/K+ -ATPase activities in gills and kidney, as well as other osmoregulatory and metabolic parameters were measured. Low salinity conditions (5 ppt) elicited a significant increase in fT3 (29%) and ff4 (184%) plasma concentrations compared to control animals (acclimated to 40 ppt, natural salinity conditions in the Bay of Cadiz, Spain), while the amount of pituitary thyroid stimulating hormone subunit 13 (tshb) transcript abundance remained unchanged. In addition, plasma fT4 levels were positively correlated to renal and branchial deiodinase type 2 (dio2) mRNA expression. Gill and kidney T4-outer ring deiodination activities correlated positively with dio2 mRNA expression and the highest values were observed in fish acclimated to low salinities (5 and 15 ppt). The high salinity (55 ppt) exposure caused a significant increase in tshb expression (65%), but deiodinase gene expression (diol and dio2) and activity did not change and were similar to controls (40 ppt). In conclusion, acclimation to different salinities led to changes in the peripheral regulation of thyroid hormone metabolism in seabream. Therefore, thyroid hormones are involved in the regulation of ion transport and osmoregulatory physiology in this species. The conclusions derived from this study may also allow aquaculturists to modulate thyroid metabolism in seabream by adjusting culture salinity. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Socrates/Erasmus Grant from the European UnionUniversity of Cadiz [UCA 2009-074-FPI]Ministerio de Education y Ciencia, Spain [AGL2007-61211/ACU]FEDER, Spain [AGL2007-61211/ACU]Proyecto de Excelencia (Junta de Andalucia) [PO7-RNM-02843]Science Foundation (FCT) of Portugal [SFRH/BPD/89889/2012, SFRH/BPD/84033/2012]info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersio

Conservative management of perforated duodenal diverticulum: a case report and review of the literature

Duodenal diverticula are a relatively common condition. They are asymptomatic, unless they become complicated, with perforation being the rarest but most severe complication. Surgical treatment is the most frequently performed approach. We report the case of a patient with a perforated duodenal diverticulum, which was diagnosed early and treated conservatively with antibiotics and percutaneous drainage of secondary retroperitoneal abscesses. We suggest this method could be an acceptable option for the management of similar cases, provided that the patient is in good general condition and without septic signs

CIBERER : Spanish national network for research on rare diseases: A highly productive collaborative initiative

Altres ajuts: Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII); Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación.CIBER (Center for Biomedical Network Research; Centro de Investigación Biomédica En Red) is a public national consortium created in 2006 under the umbrella of the Spanish National Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII). This innovative research structure comprises 11 different specific areas dedicated to the main public health priorities in the National Health System. CIBERER, the thematic area of CIBER focused on rare diseases (RDs) currently consists of 75 research groups belonging to universities, research centers, and hospitals of the entire country. CIBERER's mission is to be a center prioritizing and favoring collaboration and cooperation between biomedical and clinical research groups, with special emphasis on the aspects of genetic, molecular, biochemical, and cellular research of RDs. This research is the basis for providing new tools for the diagnosis and therapy of low-prevalence diseases, in line with the International Rare Diseases Research Consortium (IRDiRC) objectives, thus favoring translational research between the scientific environment of the laboratory and the clinical setting of health centers. In this article, we intend to review CIBERER's 15-year journey and summarize the main results obtained in terms of internationalization, scientific production, contributions toward the discovery of new therapies and novel genes associated to diseases, cooperation with patients' associations and many other topics related to RD research

Ion transport in the zebrafish kidney from a human disease angle: possibilities, considerations, and future perspectives.

Unique experimental advantages, such as its embryonic/larval transparency, high-throughput nature, and ease of genetic modification, underpin the rapid emergence of the zebrafish (Danio rerio) as a preeminent model in biomedical research. Particularly in the field of nephrology, the zebrafish provides a promising model for studying the physiological implications of human solute transport processes along consecutive nephron segments. However, although the zebrafish might be considered a valuable model for numerous renal ion transport diseases and functional studies of many channels and transporters, not all human renal electrolyte transport mechanisms and human diseases can be modeled in the zebrafish. With this review, we explore the ontogeny of zebrafish renal ion transport, its nephron structure and function, and thereby demonstrate the clinical translational value of this model. By critical assessment of genomic and amino acid conservation of human proteins involved in renal ion handling (channels, transporters, and claudins), kidney and nephron segment conservation, and renal electrolyte transport physiology in the zebrafish, we provide researchers and nephrologists with an indication of the possibilities and considerations of the zebrafish as a model for human renal ion transport. Combined with advanced techniques envisioned for the future, implementation of the zebrafish might expand beyond unraveling pathophysiological mechanisms that underlie distinct genetic or environmentally, i.e., pharmacological and lifestyle, induced renal transport deficits. Specifically, the ease of drug administration and the exploitation of improved genetic approaches might argue for the adoption of the zebrafish as a model for preclinical personalized medicine for distinct renal diseases and renal electrolyte transport proteins

CrossTalk opposing view: CNNM proteins are not Na(+) /Mg(2+) exchangers but Mg(2+) transport regulators playing a central role in transepithelial Mg(2+) (re)absorption.

Contains fulltext : 187812.pdf (publisher's version ) (Open Access

The involvement of thyroid hormones and cortisol in the osmotic acclimation of Solea senegalensis

Contains fulltext : 36596.pdf ( ) (Open Access)The peripheral conversion of the prohormone 3,5,3',5'-tetraiodothyronine (T4) to the biologically active 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T3), via enzymatic deiodination by deiodinases, is an important pathway in thyroid hormone metabolism. The aim of this study was to test if thyroid hormones and cortisol, as well as the outer ring deiodination (ORD) metabolic pathway, are involved in the osmoregulatory response of Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis, Kaup 1858). We measured osmoregulatory and endocrine parameters in immature juveniles S. senegalensis acclimated to seawater (SW, 38 per thousand) and that were transferred and allowed to acclimate to different salinities (5 per thousand, 15 per thousand, 38 per thousand and 55 per thousand) for 17 days. An adjustment and a chronic regulatory period were identified following acclimation. The adjustment period immediately follows the transfer, and is characterized by altered plasma osmolalities. During this period, plasma cortisol levels increased while plasma free T4 (fT4) levels decreased. Both hormones levels returned to normal values on day 3 post-transfer. In the adjustment period, renal and hepatic ORD activities had increased concomitantly with the decrease in plasma fT4 levels in fishes transferred to extreme salinities (5 per thousand and 55 per thousand). In the chronic regulatory period, where plasma osmolality returned to normal values, plasma cortisol had increased, whereas plasma fT4 levels decreased in animals that were transferred to salinities other than SW. No major changes were observed in branchial ORD activity throughout the experiment. The inverse relationship between plasma cortisol and fT4 suggests an interaction between these hormones during both osmoregulatory periods while ORD pathway can be important in the short-term adjustment period.8 p

Difference of TPE value from base diets on two hibrid corn varieties

We have carried out a comparison of the nutritive efficiency between two differents lots of hybrid corn, A and B, following the TPE method. We use two protein concentrates with each corn sample, a white fish meal, and a 44 p.100 protein soybean meal. The results obtained 2,59 and 2,48 for the diets with fish meal added to corn A and corn B respectively, and 2,50 and 2,42 for the diets with soybean meal added to the same corn samples respectyvely, we think that can be due to a lower energy value of the corn wich we have called B, than energy value of the other corn, A., altrough they could be also due to different protein quanlity between the two lots of corn. However, we think that it is unlikely.Se ha realizado una comparación de la eficiencia nutritiva entre dos partidas diferentes de maíz hibrido, siguiendo el método TPE. Se utilizaron dos concentrados proteicos con cada uno de los maíces, la harina de pescado blanco y una torta de soja del 44 p.100 de proteína. Creemos que los resultados obtenidos (2,59 y 2,48 para las raciones con harina de pescado completando a los maíces A y B, respectivamente, y 2,50 y 2,42 para las raciones en que la torta de soja completaba a los mismos cereales base, respectivamente) se deben a la menor cantidad de energía del maíz B con respecto "al A, aunque también pudiera deberse a distintas calidades de la proteína de ambos maíces, cosa que estimamos mas improbable

Tubular flow activates magnesium transport in the distal convoluted tubule

Contains fulltext : 202614.pdf (publisher's version ) (Closed access