5,585 research outputs found
Strategies for large bone defect reconstruction after trauma, infections or tumour excision: a comprehensive review of the literature.
Large bone defects resulting from musculoskeletal tumours, infections, or trauma are often unable to heal spontaneously. The challenge for surgeons is to avoid amputation, and provide the best functional outcomes. Allograft, vascularized fibular or iliac graft, hybrid graft, extracorporeal devitalized autograft, distraction osteogenesis, induced-membrane technique, and segmental prostheses are the most common surgical strategies to manage large bone defects. Given its optimal osteogenesis, osteoinduction, osteoconduction, and histocompatibility properties, along with the lower the risk of immunological rejection, autologous graft represents the most common used strategy for reconstruction of bone defects. However, the choice of the best surgical technique is still debated, and no consensus has been reached. The present study investigated the current reconstructive strategies for large bone defect after trauma, infections, or tumour excision, discussed advantages and disadvantages of each technique, debated available techniques and materials, and evaluated complications and new perspectives
Characterization of Contractile Forces Generated by Stretch Marks Fibroblasts: In Vitro Study
Abstract: Authors present a study about the contraction forces observed in striae distensae fibroblasts (SMF) in a collagen scaffold. Collagen lattices were used to study the mechanical behavior of SDF within the collagen matrix compared to the lattices produced using the healthy skin derived fibroblasts (NSF). A Forcebox device was used to measure the contractile forces. Striae Rubrae fibroblastâs contractile force was by 28% greater than that generated by the NSF and striae albae fibroblasts (P<0.05). Anomalies and especially differences in forces generated by SMF were observed through all our experiments. These findings complete and corroborate the results and information published in our previous studies. Level of Evidence V: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266
Striae Distensae: In Vitro Study and Assessment of Combined Treatment With Sodium Ascorbate and Platelet-Rich Plasma on Fibroblasts
Introduction: Striae distensae (SD) appear clinically as parallel striae, lying perpendicular to the tension lines of the skin. SD evolve into two clinical phases, an initial inflammatory phase in which they are called âstriae rubraeâ (SR) and a chronic phase in which they are called striae albae (SA). Fibroblasts seem to play a key role in the pathogenesis of stretch marks. This study was aimed at describing and analyzing stretch marks-derived fibroblasts (SMF), the differences between SR- and SA-derived fibroblasts (SRF, SAF), testing two treatments in vitro (sodium ascorbate and PrP) on SAF. Material and Methods: To characterize the SMF, the expression of alpha smooth muscle actin (alpha SMA) was investigated. Type I collagen expression was measured in SAF, before and after adding different PrP concentrations and sodium ascorbate in the culture medium. Results were processed through statistical analysis models using the Studentâs t-test. Results: A significant increase in alpha SMA (P <0.001) was observed in SRF. SAF treated with PrP and sodium ascorbate showed a resumption of their metabolic activity by an increase in collagen type I production and cell proliferation. After 24 h of incubation with PrP 1% and PrP 5% + sodium ascorbate, cell viability was increased by 140% and 151% and by 156 and 178% after 48 h, respectively, compared to the control. Conclusion: Our study shows that a biologically mediated improvement in SMF metabolic activity is possible. Our promising results require further trials to be able to confirm the reproducibility of this combined treatment, particularly in vivo. No Level Assigned: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each submission to which Evidence-Based Medicine rankings are applicable
Assessment of Patient Satisfaction Using a New Augmented Reality Simulation Software for Breast Augmentation: A Prospective Study
Background: Breast augmentation is one of the most frequently performed plastic surgery
procedures. Providing patients with realistic 3D simulations of breast augmentation outcomes
is becoming increasingly common. Until recently, such programs were expensive and required
significant equipment, training, and office space. New simple user-friendly programs have been
developed, but to date there remains a paucity of objective evidence comparing these 3D simulations
with post-operative outcomes. The aim of this study is to assess the aesthetic similarity between a preoperative
3D simulation generated using Arbrea breast simulation software and real post-operative
outcomes, with a focus on patient satisfaction. Methods: The authors conducted a prospective study
of patients requiring breast augmentation. Patients were asked to assess how realistic the simulation
was compared to the one-year post-operative result using the authorsâ grading scale for breast
augmentation simulation assessment. Patient satisfaction with the simulations was assessed using
a satisfaction visual analogue scale (VAS) ranging from 0 (not at all satisfied) to 10 (very satisfied).
Patient satisfaction with the surgical outcome was assessed using the BREAST-Q Augmentation
Module. Results: All patients were satisfied with the simulations and with the attained breast
volume, with a mean VAS score of 8.2 â 1.2. The mean simulation time took 90 s on average. The
differences between the pre-operative and one-year post-operative values of the three BREAST-Q
assessments were found to be statistically significant (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Three-dimensional
simulation is becoming increasingly common in pre-operative planning for breast augmentation. The
present study aimed to assess the degree of similarity of three-dimensional simulations generated
using Arbrea Breast Software and found that the use of the software provided a very satisfying
representation for patients undergoing breast augmentation. However, we recommend informing
patients that only the volume simulation is extremely accurate. On the other hand, it is necessary to
not guarantee an absolute correspondence regarding the breast shape between the simulation and
the post-operative result
Different cellular and molecular mechanisms for early and late-onset myelin protein zero mutations
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Immediate vaginal reconstruction following pelvic exenteration using the pedicled vertical Deep Inferior Epigastric Perforator (DIEP) flap: A technical note
La reconstruction vaginale immĂŠdiate est gĂŠnĂŠralement rĂŠalisĂŠe Ă la suite d'une exentĂŠration pelvienne pour cancer du col de l'utĂŠrus, en cas de rĂŠcidive (après radiothĂŠrapie) ou de fistules radiques sĂŠvères. Le prĂŠlèvement des lambeaux sur des vaisseaux perforants, tels que le lambeau perforant basĂŠ sur le pĂŠdicule ĂŠpigastrique infĂŠrieur (DIEP), permet d'obtenir des tissus viables pour la reconstruction vaginale et est associĂŠ Ă une rĂŠduction de la morbiditĂŠ du site donneur. Ce rapport dĂŠcrit la technique chirurgicale, qui est l'une des procĂŠdures de choix pour la reconstruction vaginale. Il s'agit d'une technique fiable et avantageuse, en particulier chez les femmes pour qui il ne restait plus que l'option de l'exentĂŠration en cas dâĂŠchec de l'irradiation
Mediterranean ocean colour Level 3 operational multi-sensor processing
The Mediterranean near-real-time multi-sensor processing chain has
been set up and is operational in the framework of the Copernicus Marine
Environment Monitoring Service (CMEMS). This work describes the main steps
operationally performed to enable single ocean colour sensors to enter the
multi-sensor processing applied to the Mediterranean Sea by the Ocean Colour
Thematic Assembly Centre within CMEMS. Here, the multi-sensor chain takes
care of reducing the inter-sensor bias before data from different sensors are
merged together. A basin-scale in situ bio-optical dataset is used both to
fine tune the algorithms for the retrieval of phytoplankton chlorophyll and
the attenuation coefficient of light, Kd, and to assess the uncertainty
associated with them. The satellite multi-sensor remote sensing reflectance
spectra agree better with the in situ observations than those of the single
sensors. Here, we demonstrate that the operational multi-sensor processing
chain compares sufficiently well with the historical in situ datasets to also
confidently be used for reprocessing the full data time series.</p
Search for the standard model Higgs boson in the H to ZZ to 2l 2nu channel in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV
A search for the standard model Higgs boson in the H to ZZ to 2l 2nu decay
channel, where l = e or mu, in pp collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 7
TeV is presented. The data were collected at the LHC, with the CMS detector,
and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 4.6 inverse femtobarns. No
significant excess is observed above the background expectation, and upper
limits are set on the Higgs boson production cross section. The presence of the
standard model Higgs boson with a mass in the 270-440 GeV range is excluded at
95% confidence level.Comment: Submitted to JHE
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