Stress-wave analysis technique study on thick-walled type A302B steel pressure vessels, July 1968 - July 1969

Stress wave analysis and crack opening displacement to monitor subcritical crack growth for grade B alloy steel pressure vessel

Tratamiento podológico de la fascitis plantar en el deportista

Podemos definir la fascitis plantar como la inflamación del origen de la fascia plantar a nivel de la tuberosidad interna del calcáneo. La molestia principal que presenta es el dolor y la hipersensibilidad debajo de la porción anterior del talón, que frecuentemente se irradia a la planta del pie. Aparece frecuentemente en deportistas, principalmente aquellos que presentan marcha con pronación acentuada. Puede acompañarse con la presencia de un espolón de calcáneo que en ningún caso es la causa del dolor

Luxación simultánea de las articulaciones interfalángica y metacarpofalángica del pulgar

La luxación volar de la articulación metacarpofalángica del pulgar es una lesión muy rara; sólo 3 casos de luxación simultánea de las articulaciones metacarpofalángica e interfalángica del pulgar han sido publicados. Presentamos un caso de luxación combinada de las dos articulaciones del pulgar en el que se realizó un tratamiento ortopédico, con resultado satisfactorio.Thumb metacarpo-phalangeal joint palmar dislocation are a very rare injuries. Only 3 reports of intherphalangeal and metacarpo-phalangeal joints dislocations in the same thumb have been Publisher. The following is a case report of simultaneous dislocation of the MCP and IF joints in a thumb treated with a closed reduction

Near-wall dynamics of a neutrally buoyant spherical particle in an axisymmetric stagnation point flow

The motion of a neutrally buoyant spherical particle along the axis of an axisymmetric stagnation point flow at a rigid and smooth flat wall (Hiemenz–Homann flow) is investigated in the presence of low-to-moderate inertia effects. The particle dynamics is elucidated using numerical simulation. At distances large compared to the characteristic thickness of the boundary layer \delta=(\nu/B)^{1/2}, with \nu the kinematic viscosity and B the strain rate of the carrying flow, the particle decelerates as it approaches the wall, due to the ambient pressure increase toward the stagnation point. In this part of the path, its velocity is nearly identical to that of the local undisturbed fluid at the position of its centre. Relative motion between the particle and fluid increases as the wall–particle gap reduces, due to wall-induced hydrodynamic interaction forces. Two distinct evolutions of the net force on the particle are observed, depending on the relative particle size, a/\delta=Re^{1/2}, where a is the particle radius and Re=2Ba^2/\nu is the Reynolds number. For a/\delta=2, the force decays monotonically to zero, while it undergoes a sharp rise before returning to zero for larger particles. In the latter case, the particle retains a sufficient velocity even for very small gap widths such that, under usual roughness levels, a rebounding collision would occur. The stress profiles at the particle surface are investigated to separate the various contributions to the hydrodynamic force. Theoretical predictions for near-wall viscous and inertial forces available in the creeping-flow and low-but-finite Reynolds-number limits, respectively, are used to pinpoint the origin of the dominant inertia effect that controls the particle dynamics when the particle gets very close to the wall

Interaction of water with methanesulfonic acid on Pt single crystal electrodes

The electrochemical behavior of methanesulfonic acid on platinum single crystal electrode surfaces is investigated by cyclic voltammetry and infrared spectroscopy measurements. The results are compared with the voltammetric profiles of perchloric and trifluoromethanesulfonic acids. The differences are interpreted in terms of the effect of the anion on the structure of water. No adsorbed species are detected by infrared spectroscopy.APS acknowledges the scholarship “Estudiantes sobresalientes de posgrado” at the UNC and COLCIENCIAS National Doctoral Scholarship (567). MFS acknowledges the support of UNC (Research Project 19030). JMFwould like to thankGeneralitat Valenciana (Feder) through project PROMETEOII/2014/013

Somatic stem cells and the origin of cancer

Most human cancers derive from a single cell targeted by genetic and epigenetic alterations that initiate malignant transformation. Progressively, these early cancer cells give rise to different generations of daughter cells that accumulate additional mutations, acting in concert to drive the full neoplastic phenotype1,2. As we have currently deciphered many of the gene pathways disrupted in cancer, our knowledge about the nature of the normal cells susceptible to transformation upon mutation has remained more elusive. Adult stem cells are those that show long-term replicative potential, together with the capacities of self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation. These stem cell properties are tightly regulated in normal development, yet their alteration may be a critical issue for tumorigenesis. This concept has arisen from the striking degree of similarity noted between somatic stem cells and cancer cells, including the fundamental abilities to self-renew and differentiate. Given these shared attributes, it has been proposed that cancers are caused by transforming mutations occurring in tissue-specific stem cells3-9. This hypothesis has been functionally supported by the observation that among all cancer cells within a particular tumor, only a minute cell fraction has the exclusive potential to regenerate the entire tumor cell population3,10-13; these cells with stem-like properties have been termed cancer stem cells. Cancer stem cells can originate from mutation in normal somatic stem cells that deregulate their physiological programs. Alternatively, mutations may target more committed progenitor cells or even mature cells, which become reprogrammed to acquire stem-like functions14,15 In any case, mutated genes should promote expansion of stem/progenitor cells, thus increasing their predisposition to cancer development by expanding self-renewal and pluripotency over their normal tendency towards relative quiescency and proper differentiation

Homeobox NKX2-3 promotes marginal-zone lymphomagenesis by activating B-cell receptor signalling and shaping lymphocyte dynamics

NKX2 homeobox family proteins have a role in cancer development. Here we show that NKX2-3 is overexpressed in tumour cells from a subset of patients with marginal-zone lymphomas, but not with other B-cell malignancies. While Nkx2-3-deficient mice exhibit the absence of marginal-zone B cells, transgenic mice with expression of NKX2-3 in B cells show marginal-zone expansion that leads to the development of tumours, faithfully recapitulating the principal clinical and biological features of human marginal-zone lymphomas. NKX2-3 induces B-cell receptor signalling by phosphorylating Lyn/Syk kinases, which in turn activate multiple integrins (LFA-1, VLA-4), adhesion molecules (ICAM-1, MadCAM-1) and the chemokine receptor CXCR4. These molecules enhance migration, polarization and homing of B cells to splenic and extranodal tissues, eventually driving malignant transformation through triggering NF-κB and PI3K-AKT pathways. This study implicates oncogenic NKX2-3 in lymphomagenesis, and provides a valid experimental mouse model for studying the biology and therapy of human marginal-zone B-cell lymphomas.Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness, FIS-PI12/00202 (to J.A.M.-C.), RTICC-RD12/0036/0063 (to J.A.M-C.), RTICC-RD12/0036/0068 (to M.J.C and F.P.), RTICC-RD12/0036/0022 (to J.L.F-L.), RTICC-RD12/ 0036/0070 (to J.C.), RTICC-RD12/0036/0010 (to B.B.), RTICC- RD12/0036/0044 (to M.J.B.) and RTICC-RD12/0036/0069 (to J.M.H.R. and M.G.); by Worldwide Cancer Research project grant 15-1322 (to J.A.M.-C., Y.R.C. and M.-Q.D.); by BFU2011-30097 (to Y.R.C); by MINECO SAF2013-45787-R and Marie Curie Programme FP7-PIIF-2012-328177 (to S.R.); by the French-Spanish CITTIL project (to F.P., X.A., J.A.M.-C., C.B. and P. Brousset); by SAF2012-32810, SAF2014-57791-REDC; PIE14/00066, BIO/SA32/ 14 and CSI001U14 (to I.S.G); by FIS-ISCIII projects PI13/00160 and PI14/00025, and Fundación Inocente Inocente (to C.C.); by Deutsche Krebshilfe, Molecular Mechanisms in Malignant Lymphomas Network Project (to R.S.); by the Institut Universitaire de France (to P. Brousset); by the Broad Medical Research Program of The Eli and Edythe Broad Foundation and the Hungarian Scientific Research Fund (OTKA K108429) (to P. Balogh);Peer Reviewe

Vendaje funcional de tobillo

El vendaje funcional es una técnica que intenta mantener, estabilizar, suplir y reforzar unas estructuras biológicas o anatómicas bien definidas. La utilización del vendaje funcional va destinada a permitir la práctica deportiva a pesar de la presencia de una lesión músculo-ligamentosa o para prevenir la aparición de la misma. Esto explica que los vendajes sean un método terapéutico para limitar de forma selectiva un solo grado de libertad de movimiento, lo que permite al deportista continuar su práctica deportiva. Existen dos tipos de vendajes, los adhesivos son los que se asocian con la técnica del vendaje funcional ya que se realizan con mayor frecuencia, y no adhesivos, que son menos específicos y más elásticos, por lo que se relacionan menos con la práctica deportiva

A customizable open-source framework for measuring and equalizing e2e delays in shared video watching

Low-latency and media sync are essential requirements to enable interactive multi-party services, such as Social TV. In this work, we present an open-source and customizable framework that allows measuring end-to-end (e2e) video delays and provides support for different type