Tendenzen und Bedingungen der Entwicklung von Wertorientierungen, politischen Überzeugungen und verantwortungsbewußtem Handeln älterer Schüler in der FDJ-Gruppe: Ergebnisse und Erkenntnisse einer Intervallstudie bei Schülern der Klassen 8 bis 10

Der vorliegende Bericht stellt sich zum Ziel, "in Weiterführung bisheriger Berichte Entwicklungstendenzen der Bewußtseinslage und Aktivität von Schülern oberer Klassen über drei Schuljahre (von Klasse 8 bis Klasse 10) zu verfolgen, nach Ursachen der Persönlichkeitsentwicklung zu suchen, entsprechende Bedingungen zu analysieren und auf diese Weise in das Prozeßgeschehen einzudringen". In der Ausgangsanalyse im Jahre 1983 wurden ca. 850 Schüler der 8. Klasse erfaßt. Hiervon wurden ca. 500 in die eigentliche Intervallstudie einbezogen, welche in der zehnten Klasse 1985 abgeschlossen wurde. Untersucht wurden Veränderungen der Wertorientierungen der Schüler, ihrer politischen Grundpositionen sowie in der Tätigkeit der Schüler in der FDJ. (psz

Forschungsbericht über die 1. Untersuchungsetappe der Intervallstudie (IS) "ABF-Studenten"

Die Studie beabsichtigt, Erscheinungsformen, Bedingungen und Zusammenhänge der Entwicklung und Erziehung von 16-18 jährigen Jugendlichen zu ermitteln, die in einem zweijährigen Studium an der ABF "Walter Ulbricht" in Halle auf ein Studium im sozialistischen Ausland vorbereitet werden. Es werden die Ergebnisse einer schriftlichen Befragung, eines Wochenprotokolls und eines Lebenstiltests (im November 1968) von 360 ABF-Studenten des ersten Studienjahres dargestellt und abschließend Schlußfolgerungen gezogen für die Verbesserung der staatlichen Leitungstätigkeit und der Führung der FDJ-Studenten durch die FDJ-Leitungen. Im wesentlichen wurden folgende Einstellungen befragt: (1) politisch-ideologische (Klassenmäßige Positionen und politische Grundeinstellung, zur Politik und gesellschaftlichen Aktivität); (2) zum Studium und Lehrkörper (Studienmotivation, zu Arbeit und Beruf, zur Berufstätigkeit der Frau); (3) zu Massenkommunikationsmitteln und (4) zu Mikrogruppen (Freundeskreis, Familie, FDJ-Mitgliederversammlungen, Freizeit, zu sexuellen Beziehungen und zum täglichen Zeitfond der Studenten). Es wird u.a. festgestellt, daß die Studenten ein relativ einheitliches zielanstrebendes Verhalten und gleichwertige Verhaltensbereitschaft im Sinne der sozialistischen Verhaltensnormen zeigen. (SM

From rings to bulges: evidence for rapid secular galaxy evolution at z~2 from integral field spectroscopy in the SINS survey

We present Ha integral field spectroscopy of well resolved, UV/optically selected z~2 star-forming galaxies as part of the SINS survey with SINFONI on the ESO VLT. Our laser guide star adaptive optics and good seeing data show the presence of turbulent rotating star forming rings/disks, plus central bulge/inner disk components, whose mass fractions relative to total dynamical mass appears to scale with [NII]/Ha flux ratio and star formation age. We propose that the buildup of the central disks and bulges of massive galaxies at z~2 can be driven by the early secular evolution of gas-rich proto-disks. High redshift disks exhibit large random motions. This turbulence may in part be stirred up by the release of gravitational energy in the rapid cold accretion flows along the filaments of the cosmic web. As a result dynamical friction and viscous processes proceed on a time scale of <1 Gyr, at least an order of magnitude faster than in z~0 disk galaxies. Early secular evolution thus drives gas and stars into the central regions and can build up exponential disks and massive bulges, even without major mergers. Secular evolution along with increased efficiency of star formation at high surface densities may also help to account for the short time scales of the stellar buildup observed in massive galaxies at z~2.Comment: accepted Astrophysical Journal, main July 8 200

Isolated Recovery of Adductor Muscle Function Following Bilateral Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Injuries

The aim of this study was to analyze the phoniatric and respiratory outcomes of a subset of bilateral vocal cord paralysis (BVCP) patients who were all treated with unilateral endoscopic arytenoid abduction lateropexy (EAAL). EAAL is a nondestructive, minimally invasive glottis widening operation, which does not damage either the surgically treated or the contralateral vocal cord. Therefore, it does not impair the regeneration potential of the recurrent laryngeal nerve.Case series.Ten out of 21 BVCP patients who were treated with EAAL showed signs of isolated adduction recovery at 1 year and were chosen for this study. Functional results (objective and subjective voice analysis, spirometric measurement) and vocal cord movements were assessed preoperatively, 1 week and 1 year after EAAL. Laryngeal electromyography was performed on the 12th postoperative month.The volitional adductor movement seen on laryngoscopy was corroborated by laryngeal electromyography evaluation. Peak inspiratory flow increased significantly after EAAL. Quality-of-life scores also showed high patient satisfaction. Shimmer showed consistent improvement along with harmonic-to-noise ratio and average maximal phonation time in parallel with the improving vocal cord movement. Complex voice analysis and subjective self-evaluation tests also demonstrated significant improvement.EAAL, as a minimally invasive, nondestructive airway widening technique, does not interfere with the potential regeneration process that can still occur after BVCP, allowing for laryngeal functional recovery. It is a safe and effective treatment for BVCP that allows a simple solution with good phonatory, swallowing, and respiratory benefits by unilateral passive and reversible vocal cord lateralization.4. Laryngoscope, 2018

Viscosity and Diffusion: Crowding and Salt Effects in Protein Solutions

We report on a joint experimental-theoretical study of collective diffusion in, and static shear viscosity of solutions of bovine serum albumin (BSA) proteins, focusing on the dependence on protein and salt concentration. Data obtained from dynamic light scattering and rheometric measurements are compared to theoretical calculations based on an analytically treatable spheroid model of BSA with isotropic screened Coulomb plus hard-sphere interactions. The only input to the dynamics calculations is the static structure factor obtained from a consistent theoretical fit to a concentration series of small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) data. This fit is based on an integral equation scheme that combines high accuracy with low computational cost. All experimentally probed dynamic and static properties are reproduced theoretically with an at least semi-quantitative accuracy. For lower protein concentration and low salinity, both theory and experiment show a maximum in the reduced viscosity, caused by the electrostatic repulsion of proteins. The validity range of a generalized Stokes-Einstein (GSE) relation connecting viscosity, collective diffusion coefficient, and osmotic compressibility, proposed by Kholodenko and Douglas [PRE 51, 1081 (1995)] is examined. Significant violation of the GSE relation is found, both in experimental data and in theoretical models, in semi-dilute systems at physiological salinity, and under low-salt conditions for arbitrary protein concentrations

Variability in the stellar initial mass function at low and high mass: 3-component IMF models

Three component models of the IMF are made to consider possible origins for the observed relative variations in the numbers of brown dwarfs, solar-to-intermediate mass stars, and high mass stars. Three distinct physical processes are noted. The characteristic mass for most star formation is identified with the thermal Jeans mass in the molecular cloud core, and this presumably leads to the middle mass range by the usual collapse and accretion processes. Pre-stellar condensations (PSCs) observed in mm-wave continuum studies presumably form at this mass. Significantly smaller self-gravitating masses require much larger pressures and may arise following dynamical processes inside these PSCs, including disk formation, tight-cluster ejection, and photoevaporation as studied elsewhere, but also gravitational collapse of shocked gas in colliding PSCs. Significantly larger stellar masses form in relatively low abundance by normal cloud processes, possibly leading to steep IMFs in low-pressure field regions, but this mass range can be significantly extended in high pressure cloud cores by gravitationally-focussed gas accretion onto PSCs and by the coalescence of PSCs. These models suggest that the observed variations in brown dwarf, solar-to-intermediate mass, and high mass populations are the result of dynamical effects that depend on environmental density and velocity dispersion. They accommodate observations ranging from shallow IMFs in cluster cores to Salpeter IMFs in average clusters and whole galaxies to steep and even steeper IMFs in field and remote field regions. They also suggest how the top-heavy IMFs in some starburst clusters may originate and they explain bottom-heavy IMFs in low surface brightness galaxies.Comment: 10 pages, 2 figures, accepted by Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Societ

The SINS survey: modeling the dynamics of z~2 galaxies and the high-z Tully-Fisher relation

We present the modeling of SINFONI integral field dynamics of 18 star forming galaxies at z ~ 2 from Halpha line emission. The galaxies are selected from the larger sample of the SINS survey, based on the prominence of ordered rotational motions with respect to more complex merger induced dynamics. The quality of the data allows us to carefully select systems with kinematics dominated by rotation, and to model the gas dynamics across the whole galaxy using suitable exponential disk models. We obtain a good correlation between the dynamical mass and the stellar mass, finding that large gas fractions Mgas~M*) are required to explain the difference between the two quantities. We use the derived stellar mass and maximum rotational velocity Vmax from the modeling to construct for the first time the stellar mass Tully-Fisher relation at z ~ 2.2. The relation obtained shows a slope similar to what is observed at lower redshift, but we detect an evolution of the zero point. We find that at z ~ 2.2 there is an offset in log(M*) for a given rotational velocity of 0.41+-0.11 with respect to the local Universe. This result is consistent with the predictions of the latest N-body/hydrodynamical simulations of disk formation and evolution, which invoke gas accretion onto the forming disk in filaments and cooling flows. This scenario is in agreement with other dynamical evidence from SINS, where gas accretion from the halo is required to reproduce the observed properties of a large fraction of the z ~ 2 galaxies.Comment: 10 pages, 6 figures, submitted to Ap

Activity Recognition in Opportunistic Sensor Environments

OPPORTUNITY is project under the EU FET-Open funding1 in which we develop mobile systems to recognize human activity in dynamically varying sensor setups. The system autonomously discovers available sensors around the user and self-configures to recognize desired activities. It reconfigures itself as the environment changes, and encompasses principles supporting autonomous operation in open-ended environments. OPPORTUNITY mainstreams ambient intelligence and improves user acceptance by relaxing constraints on body-worn sensor characteristics, and eases the deployment in real-world environments. We summarize key achievements of the project so far. The project outcomes are robust activity recognition systems. This may enable smarter activity-aware energy-management in buildings, and advanced activity-aware health assistants