Distribution des larves de sardine et d'anchois le long du filament du Cap Ghir (région nord-ouest africaine)

L'une des caractéristiques des systèmes d'upwellings côtiers est la présence la présence de structures méso-échelles que la littérature appelle des "filaments d'upwelling", des extensions vers le large de masses d'eaux issues de l'upwelling. Ces filaments impactent la structure des communautés planctoniques, dont les larves de petits poissons pélagiques, considérées comme traceurs biologiques des filaments d’upwelling. Sur la côte Atlantique marocaine, le plus important de ces filaments est celui du Cap Ghir. Le présent travail présente une étude des caractéristiques hydrologiques et du plancton entreprise dans la région du Cap Ghir (31°N) à travers cinq campagnes océanographiques réalisées durant la période 2008-2009. L'analyse des mesures de température, salinité et de concentration de chlorophylle a montre une variabilité spatio-temporelle de la direction de la dérive des eaux d'upwelling vers le large, qui amène ces eaux alternativement au nord ou au sud du 31ème parallèle nord. Cette variabilité observée in situ, est confirmée par l'analyse des images satellites relatives aussi bien à la SST qu'à la couleur d'eau de mer. Sur le plan biologique, l'impact des filaments d'upwelling est étudié à travers la distribution des larves de sardines et d'anchois collectées dans la zone du Cap Ghir. Ainsi, la répartition des tailles moyennes pondérées de ces larves montre un transport vers le large selon un schéma de circulation vers le nord et le sud de la zone côtière d'upwelling

Book of Abstracts submitted to the IV Congress of Marine Sciences

The Canary Upwelling System (CUS), a major eastern boundary upwelling system, sustains large crossborder fisheries of small pelagic fish, which poses the question of stock connectivity. Studies suggest that ichthyoplankton transport from the northwest African coast to the Canary Islands (CI) is facilitated by coastal- upwelling associated filaments. Here we analyze connections between larval supply to the CI and sardine and anchovy populations that spawn over the continental shelf. For both species, ichthyoplankton observations (1) at the shelf and (2) near the island of Gran Canaria (GC) are used. Predictions of ichthyoplankton transport to GC are obtained from the Ichthyop Lagrangian transport model, which is forced by a high-resolution hydrodynamic model (ROMS) that reproduces the regional circulation. Results show that upwelling filaments play an important role in the transport of larvae to GC. However, (1) filaments are not the only mechanism, and (2) filament presence does not necessarily imply larval transport. Anchovy and sardine larval presence at GC appears to be independent of the respective adult spawning seasonality. Combining of observed and modeled data does not succeed in reproducing the observed larval patterns at GC. Various hypotheses are proposed to explain this discrepancy in larval transport to GC

All-sky Search for High-Energy Neutrinos from Gravitational Wave Event GW170104 with the ANTARES Neutrino Telescope

Advanced LIGO detected a significant gravitational wave signal (GW170104) originating from the coalescence of two black holes during the second observation run on January 4$^{\textrm{th}}$, 2017. An all-sky high-energy neutrino follow-up search has been made using data from the ANTARES neutrino telescope, including both upgoing and downgoing events in two separate analyses. No neutrino candidates were found within $\pm500$ s around the GW event time nor any time clustering of events over an extended time window of $\pm3$ months. The non-detection is used to constrain isotropic-equivalent high-energy neutrino emission from GW170104 to less than $\sim4\times 10^{54}$ erg for a $E^{-2}$ spectrum

The ANTARES Collaboration: Contributions to ICRC 2017 Part I: Neutrino astronomy (diffuse fluxes and point sources)

Papers on neutrino astronomy (diffuse fluxes and point sources, prepared for the 35th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC 2017, Busan, South Korea) by the ANTARES Collaboratio

The ANTARES Collaboration: Contributions to ICRC 2017 Part III: Searches for dark matter and exotics, neutrino oscillations and detector calibration

Papers on the searches for dark matter and exotics, neutrino oscillations and detector calibration, prepared for the 35th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC 2017, Busan, South Korea) by the ANTARES Collaboratio

The ANTARES Collaboration: Contributions to ICRC 2017 Part II: The multi-messenger program

Papers on the ANTARES multi-messenger program, prepared for the 35th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC 2017, Busan, South Korea) by the ANTARES Collaboratio

All-flavor Search for a Diffuse Flux of Cosmic Neutrinos with Nine Years of ANTARES Data

[EN] The ANTARES detector is at present the most sensitive neutrino telescope in the northern hemisphere. The highly signi¿cant cosmic neutrino excess observed by the Antarctic IceCube detector can be studied with ANTARES, exploiting its complementing ¿eld of view, exposure, and lower energy threshold. Searches for an all-¿avor diffuse neutrino signal, covering nine years of ANTARES data taking, are presented in this Letter. Upward-going events are used to reduce the atmospheric muon background. This work includes for the ¿rst time in ANTARES both track-like (mainly nm) and shower-like (mainly ne) events in this kind of analysis. Track-like events allow for an increase of the effective volume of the detector thanks to the long path traveled by muons in rock and/or sea water. Shower-like events are well reconstructed only when the neutrino interaction vertex is close to, or inside, the instrumented volume. A mild excess of high-energy events over the expected background is observed in nine years of ANTARES data in both samples. The best ¿t for a single power-law cosmic neutrino spectrum, in terms of per-¿avor ¿ux at 100 TeV, is (1.7+-1.0)10-18 GeV¿1 cm¿2 s¿1 sr¿1 with spectral index G=2.4+0.5-0.4. The null cosmic ¿ux assumption is rejected with a signi¿cance of 1.6¿.The authors acknowledge the financial support of the funding agencies: Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat a l'energie atomique et aux energies alternatives (CEA), Commission Europeenne (FEDER fund and Marie Curie Program), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), IdEx program and UnivEarthS Labex program at Sorbonne Paris Cite (ANR-10-LABX-0023 and ANR-11-IDEX-0005-02), Labex OCEVU (ANR-11-LABX-0060) and the A*MIDEX project (ANR-11-IDEX-0001-02), Region Ile-de-France (DIM-ACAV), Region Alsace (contrat CPER), Region Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur, Departement du Var and Ville de La Seyne-sur-Mer, France; Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), Germany; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Italy; Nederlandse organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO), the Netherlands; Council of the President of the Russian Federation for young scientists and leading scientific schools supporting grants, Russia; National Authority for Scientific Research (ANCS), Romania; Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (MINECO): Plan Estatal de Investigacion (refs. FPA2015-65150-C3-1-P, -2-P and -3-P, (MINECO/FEDER)), Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence and MultiDark Consolider (MINECO), and Prometeo and Grisolia programs (Generalitat Valenciana), Spain; Ministry of Higher Education, Scientific Research and Professional Training, Morocco. We also acknowledge the technical support of Ifremer, AIM and Foselev Marine for the sea operation and the CC-IN2P3 for the computing facilities.Albert, A.; Andre, M.; Anghinolfi, M.; Anton, G.; Ardid Ramírez, M.; Aubert, J.; Aublin, J.... (2018). All-flavor Search for a Diffuse Flux of Cosmic Neutrinos with Nine Years of ANTARES Data. The Astrophysical Journal. 853(1):1-5. https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/aaa4f6S158531Aartsen, M. G., Abraham, K., Ackermann, M., Adams, J., Aguilar, J. A., Ahlers, M., … Archinger, M. (2015). A COMBINED MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD ANALYSIS OF THE HIGH-ENERGY ASTROPHYSICAL NEUTRINO FLUX MEASURED WITH ICECUBE. The Astrophysical Journal, 809(1), 98. doi:10.1088/0004-637x/809/1/98Aartsen, M. G., Abraham, K., Ackermann, M., Adams, J., Aguilar, J. A., Ahlers, M., … Anderson, T. (2016). OBSERVATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF A COSMIC MUON NEUTRINO FLUX FROM THE NORTHERN HEMISPHERE USING SIX YEARS OF ICECUBE DATA. The Astrophysical Journal, 833(1), 3. doi:10.3847/0004-637x/833/1/3Aartsen, M. G., Ackermann, M., Adams, J., Aguilar, J. A., Ahlers, M., Ahrens, M., … Arlen, T. C. (2014). Observation of High-Energy Astrophysical Neutrinos in Three Years of IceCube Data. Physical Review Letters, 113(10). doi:10.1103/physrevlett.113.101101Adrián-Martínez, S., Al Samarai, I., Albert, A., André, M., Anghinolfi, M., Anton, G., … Aubert, J.-J. (2012). SEARCH FOR COSMIC NEUTRINO POINT SOURCES WITH FOUR YEARS OF DATA FROM THE ANTARES TELESCOPE. The Astrophysical Journal, 760(1), 53. doi:10.1088/0004-637x/760/1/53Adrián-Martínez, S., Albert, A., Al Samarai, I., André, M., Anghinolfi, M., Anton, G., … Aubert, J.-J. (2013). Measurement of the atmospheric ν μ energy spectrum from 100 GeV to 200 TeV with the ANTARES telescope. The European Physical Journal C, 73(10). doi:10.1140/epjc/s10052-013-2606-4Adrián-Martínez, S., Albert, A., André, M., Anghinolfi, M., Anton, G., Ardid, M., … Basa, S. (2014). SEARCHES FOR POINT-LIKE AND EXTENDED NEUTRINO SOURCES CLOSE TO THE GALACTIC CENTER USING THE ANTARES NEUTRINO TELESCOPE. The Astrophysical Journal, 786(1), L5. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/786/1/l5Adrián-Martínez, S., Albert, A., André, M., Anghinolfi, M., Anton, G., Ardid, M., … Barrios-Martí, J. (2016). Constraints on the neutrino emission from the Galactic Ridge with the ANTARES telescope. Physics Letters B, 760, 143-148. doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2016.06.051Ageron, M., Aguilar, J. A., Al Samarai, I., Albert, A., Ameli, F., André, M., … Ardid, M. (2011). ANTARES: The first undersea neutrino telescope. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, 656(1), 11-38. doi:10.1016/j.nima.2011.06.103Aguilar, J. A., Samarai, I. A., Albert, A., André, M., Anghinolfi, M., Anton, G., … Astraatmadja, T. (2011). Search for a diffuse flux of high-energy νμ with the ANTARES neutrino telescope. Physics Letters B, 696(1-2), 16-22. doi:10.1016/j.physletb.2010.11.070Aguilar, J. A., Albert, A., Ameli, F., Anghinolfi, M., Anton, G., Anvar, S., … Basa, S. (2007). The data acquisition system for the ANTARES neutrino telescope. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, 570(1), 107-116. doi:10.1016/j.nima.2006.09.098Aguilar, J. A., Albert, A., Anton, G., Anvar, S., Ardid, M., Assis Jesus, A. C., … Baret, B. (2010). Zenith distribution and flux of atmospheric muons measured with the 5-line ANTARES detector. Astroparticle Physics, 34(3), 179-184. doi:10.1016/j.astropartphys.2010.07.001Albert, A., André, M., Anghinolfi, M., Anton, G., Ardid, M., Aubert, J.-J., … Basa, S. (2017). An algorithm for the reconstruction of high-energy neutrino-induced particle showers and its application to the ANTARES neutrino telescope. The European Physical Journal C, 77(6). doi:10.1140/epjc/s10052-017-4979-2Albert, A., André, M., Anghinolfi, M., Anton, G., Ardid, M., Aubert, J.-J., … Basa, S. (2017). New constraints on all flavor Galactic diffuse neutrino emission with the ANTARES telescope. Physical Review D, 96(6). doi:10.1103/physrevd.96.062001Albert, A., André, M., Anghinolfi, M., Anton, G., Ardid, M., Aubert, J.-J., … Basa, S. (2017). An Algorithm for the Reconstruction of Neutrino-induced Showers in the ANTARES Neutrino Telescope. The Astronomical Journal, 154(6), 275. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aa9709Barr, G. D., Robbins, S., Gaisser, T. K., & Stanev, T. (2006). Uncertainties in atmospheric neutrino fluxes. Physical Review D, 74(9). doi:10.1103/physrevd.74.094009BECHERINI, Y., MARGIOTTA, A., SIOLI, M., & SPURIO, M. (2006). A parameterisation of single and multiple muons in the deep water or ice. Astroparticle Physics, 25(1), 1-13. doi:10.1016/j.astropartphys.2005.10.005Bell, A. R. (1978). The acceleration of cosmic rays in shock fronts - I. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 182(2), 147-156. doi:10.1093/mnras/182.2.147Carminati, G., Bazzotti, M., Margiotta, A., & Spurio, M. (2008). Atmospheric MUons from PArametric formulas: a fast GEnerator for neutrino telescopes (MUPAGE). Computer Physics Communications, 179(12), 915-923. doi:10.1016/j.cpc.2008.07.014Conrad, J., Botner, O., Hallgren, A., & Pérez de los Heros, C. (2003). Including systematic uncertainties in confidence interval construction for Poisson statistics. Physical Review D, 67(1). doi:10.1103/physrevd.67.012002Enberg, R., Reno, M. H., & Sarcevic, I. (2008). Prompt neutrino fluxes from atmospheric charm. Physical Review D, 78(4). doi:10.1103/physrevd.78.043005Feldman, G. J., & Cousins, R. D. (1998). Unified approach to the classical statistical analysis of small signals. Physical Review D, 57(7), 3873-3889. doi:10.1103/physrevd.57.3873Fusco, L. A., & Margiotta, A. (2016). The Run-by-Run Monte Carlo simulation for the ANTARES experiment. EPJ Web of Conferences, 116, 02002. doi:10.1051/epjconf/201611602002Gaisser, T. K. (2016). Atmospheric neutrinos. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 718, 052014. doi:10.1088/1742-6596/718/5/052014Hill, G. C., & Rawlins, K. (2003). Unbiased cut selection for optimal upper limits in neutrino detectors: the model rejection potential technique. Astroparticle Physics, 19(3), 393-402. doi:10.1016/s0927-6505(02)00240-2Honda, M., Kajita, T., Kasahara, K., Midorikawa, S., & Sanuki, T. (2007). Calculation of atmospheric neutrino flux using the interaction model calibrated with atmospheric muon data. Physical Review D, 75(4). doi:10.1103/physrevd.75.043006Kelner, S. R., Aharonian, F. A., & Bugayov, V. V. (2006). Energy spectra of gamma rays, electrons, and neutrinos produced at proton-proton interactions in the very high energy regime. Physical Review D, 74(3). doi:10.1103/physrevd.74.034018Mannheim, K., Protheroe, R. J., & Rachen, J. P. (2000). Cosmic ray bound for models of extragalactic neutrino production. Physical Review D, 63(2). doi:10.1103/physrevd.63.023003Palladino, A., Spurio, M., & Vissani, F. (2016). On the IceCube spectral anomaly. Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, 2016(12), 045-045. doi:10.1088/1475-7516/2016/12/045Schnabel, J. (2013). Muon energy reconstruction in the ANTARES detector. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, 725, 106-109. doi:10.1016/j.nima.2012.12.10

The cosmic ray shadow of the Moon observed with the ANTARES neutrino telescope

[EN] One of the main objectives of the ANTARES telescope is the search for point-like neutrino sources. Both the pointing accuracy and the angular resolution of the detector are important in this context and a reliable way to evaluate this performance is needed. In order to measure the pointing accuracy of the detector, one possibility is to study the shadow of the Moon, i.e. the de¿cit of the atmospheric muon ¿ux from the direction of the Moon induced by the absorption of cosmic rays. Analysing the data taken between 2007 and 2016, the Moon shadow is observed with 3.5¿ statistical signi¿cance. The detector angular resolution for downward-going muons is 0.73¿ ±0.14¿. The resulting pointing performance is consistent with the expectations. An independent check of the telescope pointing accuracy is realised with the data collected by a shower array detector onboard of a ship temporarily moving around the ANTARES location.The authors acknowledge the financial support of the funding agencies: Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat a l'energie atomique et aux energies alternatives (CEA), Commission Europeenne (FEDER fund and Marie Curie Program), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), IdEx program and UnivEarthS Labex program at Sorbonne Paris Cite (ANR-10-LABX-0023 and ANR-11-IDEX-0005-02), Labex OCEVU (ANR-11-LABX-0060) and the A*MIDEX project (ANR-11-IDEX-0001-02), Region Ile-de-France (DIM-ACAV), Region Alsace (contrat CPER), Region Provence-Allies-Cote d'Azur, Departement du Var and Ville de La Seyne-sur-Mer, France; Bundesministerium fin Bildung and Forschung (BMBF), Germany; Istituto Naziona-le di Fisica Nucleare (INFN), Italy; Nederlandse organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (NWO), the Netherlands; Council of the President of the Russian Federation for young scientists and leading scientific schools supporting grants, Russia; National Authority for Scientific Research (ANCS), Romania; Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (MINE-CO): Plan Estatal de Investigacion (refs. FPA2015-65150-C3-1-P, -2-P and -3-P, (MINECO/FEDER)), Severn Ochoa Centre of Excellence and MultiDark Consolider (MINECO), and Prometeo and Grisolia programs (Generalitat Valencia-na), Spain; Ministry of Higher Education, Scientific Research and Professional Training, Morocco. We also acknowledge the technical support of Ifremer, AIM and Foselev Marine for the sea operation and the CC-IN2P3 for the computing facilities.Albert, A.; Andre, M.; Anghinolfi, M.; Anton, G.; Ardid Ramírez, M.; Aubert, J-.; Aublin, J.... (2018). The cosmic ray shadow of the Moon observed with the ANTARES neutrino telescope. The European Physical Journal C. 78(12):1-9. https://doi.org/10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6451-3S197812M. G. Aartsen et al. (IceCube Collaboration), Science 342, 1242856 (2013)M. G. Aartsen et al. (IceCube Collaboration), Journal of Instrumentation 12(3), P03012 (2017)M. G. Aartsen et al. (IceCube Collaboration), Phys. Rev. Lett. 113, 101101 (2017)M. Ageron et al. (ANTARES Collaboration), Nucl. 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Observation of the cosmic ray shadow of the Sun with the ANTARES neutrino telescope

[EN] The ANTARES detector is an undersea neutrino telescope in the Mediterranean Sea. The search for pointlike neutrino sources is one of the main goals of the ANTARES telescope, requiring a reliable method to evaluate the detector angular resolution and pointing accuracy. This work describes the study of the Sun ¿shadow¿ effect with the ANTARES detector. The shadow is the deficit in the atmospheric muon flux in the direction of the Sun caused by the absorption of the primary cosmic rays. This analysis is based on the data collected between 2008 and 2017 by the ANTARES telescope. The observed statistical significance of the Sun shadow detection is 3.7¿, with an estimated angular resolution of 0.59° +- 0.10°for downward-going muons. The pointing accuracy is found to be consistent with the expectations and no evidence of systematic pointing shifts is observed.The authors acknowledge the financial support of the funding agencies: Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Commissariat `a l'' energie atomique et aux energies alternatives, Commission Europeenne (FEDER fund and Marie Curie Program), Institut Universitaire de France, LabEx UnivEarthS (ANR-10-LABX-0023 and ANR-18-IDEX-0001), R ' egion Ile-de-France (DIM-ACAV), Region Alsace (contract CPER), Region Provence-Alpes-Cote d'Azur, Departement du Var and Ville de La Seyne-sur-Mer, France; Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung, Germany; Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Italy; Nederlandse organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek, the Netherlands; Council of the President of the Russian Federation for Young Scientists and Leading Scientific Schools supporting grants, Russia; Executive Unit for Financing Higher Education, Research, Development and Innovation (UEFISCDI), Romania; Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion, Investigacion y Universidades (MCIU): Programa Estatal de Generacion de Conocimiento (refs. PGC2018-096663-B-C41, -A-C42, -B-C43, -B-C44) (MCIU/FEDER), Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence and MultiDark Consolider (MCIU), Junta de Andalucia (refs. SOMM17/6104/UGR and A-FQM-053-UGR18), Generalitat Valenciana: Grisolia (ref. GRISOLIA/2018/119), Spain; Ministry of Higher Education, Scientific Research and Professional Training, Morocco. We also acknowledge the technical support of Ifremer, AIM and Foselev Marine for the sea operation and the CC-IN2P3 for the computing facilities.Albert, A.; Andre, M.; Anghinolfi, M.; Anton, G.; Ardid Ramírez, M.; Aubert, J.; Aublin, J.... (2020). Observation of the cosmic ray shadow of the Sun with the ANTARES neutrino telescope. Physical Review D: covering particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology. 102(12):1-7. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevD.102.122007S1710212Ageron, M., Aguilar, J. A., Al Samarai, I., Albert, A., Ameli, F., André, M., … Ardid, M. (2011). ANTARES: The first undersea neutrino telescope. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, 656(1), 11-38. doi:10.1016/j.nima.2011.06.103Alexandreas, D. E., Allen, R. C., Berley, D., Biller, S. D., Burman, R. L., Cady, D. R., … Zhang, W. (1991). Observation of shadowing of ultrahigh-energy cosmic rays by the Moon and the Sun. Physical Review D, 43(5), 1735-1738. doi:10.1103/physrevd.43.1735Andreyev, Y. M., Zakidyshev, V. N., Karpov, S. N., & Khodov, V. N. (2002). Cosmic Research, 40(6), 559-564. doi:10.1023/a:1021553713199Borione, A., Catanese, M., Covault, C. E., Cronin, J. W., Fick, B. E., Gibbs, K. G., … van der Velde, J. C. (1994). Observation of the shadows of the Moon and Sun using 100 TeV cosmic rays. Physical Review D, 49(3), 1171-1177. doi:10.1103/physrevd.49.1171Cobb, J. H., Marshak, M. L., Allison, W. W. M., Alner, G. J., Ayres, D. S., Barrett, W. L., … Wall, D. (2000). 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A., Ahlers, M., Ahrens, M., … Ansseau, I. (2019). Detection of the Temporal Variation of the Sun’s Cosmic Ray Shadow with the IceCube Detector. The Astrophysical Journal, 872(2), 133. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aaffd1Albert, A., André, M., Anghinolfi, M., Anton, G., Ardid, M., Aubert, J.-J., … Barrios-Martít, J. (2018). The cosmic ray shadow of the Moon observed with the ANTARES neutrino telescope. The European Physical Journal C, 78(12). doi:10.1140/epjc/s10052-018-6451-3First search for neutrinos in correlation with gamma-ray bursts with the ANTARES neutrino telescope. (2013). Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics, 2013(03), 006-006. doi:10.1088/1475-7516/2013/03/006Aguilar, J. A., Al Samarai, I., Albert, A., André, M., Anghinolfi, M., Anton, G., … Astraatmadja, T. (2011). A fast algorithm for muon track reconstruction and its application to the ANTARES neutrino telescope. 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