6 research outputs found

    Effectiveness of an intervention for improving drug prescription in primary care patients with multimorbidity and polypharmacy:Study protocol of a cluster randomized clinical trial (Multi-PAP project)

    Get PDF
    This study was funded by the Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias ISCIII (Grant Numbers PI15/00276, PI15/00572, PI15/00996), REDISSEC (Project Numbers RD12/0001/0012, RD16/0001/0005), and the European Regional Development Fund ("A way to build Europe").Background: Multimorbidity is associated with negative effects both on people's health and on healthcare systems. A key problem linked to multimorbidity is polypharmacy, which in turn is associated with increased risk of partly preventable adverse effects, including mortality. The Ariadne principles describe a model of care based on a thorough assessment of diseases, treatments (and potential interactions), clinical status, context and preferences of patients with multimorbidity, with the aim of prioritizing and sharing realistic treatment goals that guide an individualized management. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of a complex intervention that implements the Ariadne principles in a population of young-old patients with multimorbidity and polypharmacy. The intervention seeks to improve the appropriateness of prescribing in primary care (PC), as measured by the medication appropriateness index (MAI) score at 6 and 12months, as compared with usual care. Methods/Design: Design:pragmatic cluster randomized clinical trial. Unit of randomization: family physician (FP). Unit of analysis: patient. Scope: PC health centres in three autonomous communities: Aragon, Madrid, and Andalusia (Spain). Population: patients aged 65-74years with multimorbidity (≥3 chronic diseases) and polypharmacy (≥5 drugs prescribed in ≥3months). Sample size: n=400 (200 per study arm). Intervention: complex intervention based on the implementation of the Ariadne principles with two components: (1) FP training and (2) FP-patient interview. Outcomes: MAI score, health services use, quality of life (Euroqol 5D-5L), pharmacotherapy and adherence to treatment (Morisky-Green, Haynes-Sackett), and clinical and socio-demographic variables. Statistical analysis: primary outcome is the difference in MAI score between T0 and T1 and corresponding 95% confidence interval. Adjustment for confounding factors will be performed by multilevel analysis. All analyses will be carried out in accordance with the intention-to-treat principle. Discussion: It is essential to provide evidence concerning interventions on PC patients with polypharmacy and multimorbidity, conducted in the context of routine clinical practice, and involving young-old patients with significant potential for preventing negative health outcomes. Trial registration: Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT02866799Publisher PDFPeer reviewe

    El modelo de los salarios ajustados por la calidad de vida como alternativa para la evaluación coste-beneficio en sanidad: teoría y aplicaciones

    Get PDF
    Esta Tesis Doctoral se centra en la incorporación de una nueva metodología para la evaluación coste-beneficio en sanidad. Se trata aquí de utilizar el año de vida ajustado por calidad de vida, unidad utilizada ampliamente por la literatura de la evaluación coste efectividad/coste utilidad, pero considerado en este caso no como resultado sino como instrumento intermedio para la obtención de unos resultados sobre el beneficio en unidades monetarias. La monetización de los AVAC a través del método de valoración contingente y la disponibilidad a pagar, que utilizan como sustento teórico el concepto microeconómico de variación equivalente de renta o excedente del consumidor, es sustituida en este trabajo por la introducción de una nueva unidad de medida en las variaciones del bienestar que denominaremos salarios ajustados por la calidad de vida (SAVAC ) que supone un notable cambio metodológico, ya que por primera vez en la evaluación económica de la sanidad se utiliza la oferta de trabajo como instrumento microeconómico. La literatura de referencia son los modelos de elección consumo-ocio en los que se ha introducido un instrumento fiscal como es un impuesto directo personal sobre la renta de las personas físicas. La determinación, entonces, de las variaciones en el bienestar individual determinadas por las enfermedades y sus tratamientos respectivos se hará de una manera análoga a la determinación de las variaciones en el bienestar derivadas de variaciones fiscales en los tipos de tal impuesto. Por ello el supuesto principal del tipo de modelos que se incorporan en esta Tesis Doctoral es que una enfermedad actúa sobre las rentas individuales y sobre el bienestar de una manera análoga a un impuesto proporcional personal sobre dichas rentas. Simétricamente un tratamiento médico podría ser contemplado como la actuación sobre las rentas y el bienestar de un subsidio personal sobre la renta. Los esfuerzos incorporados en esta Tesis Doctoral están encaminados a realizar una evaluación lo más rigurosa posible de las intervenciones sanitarias, ya se trate de fármacos, de dispositivos médicos, de técnicas quirúrgicas, etc¿. La utilización del dinero como unidad de cuenta supone unas mayores posibilidades de comparación de resultados en situaciones espaciales y temporales diferentes y no supone ningún tipo de degradación hacia las magnitudes de tipo sanitario que se están utilizando. Por el contrario, las metodologías planteadas incluyen tanto la valoración monetaria de los resultados clínicos de las intervenciones sanitarias como la valoración monetaria de los resultados de calidad de vida percibida por los pacientes por pérdida o recuperación del estado de salud

    The use of cost per life year gained as a measurement of cost-effectiveness in Spain: a systematic review of recent publications

    Get PDF
    The objective of this study was to evaluate the methodological characteristics of cost-effectiveness evaluations carried out in Spain, since 1990, which include LYG as an outcome to measure the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio. METHODS: A systematic review of published studies was conducted describing their characteristics and methodological quality. We analyse the cost per LYG results in relation with a commonly accepted Spanish cost-effectiveness threshold and the possible relation with the cost per quality adjusted life year (QALY) gained when they both were calculated for the same economic evaluation. RESULTS: A total of 62 economic evaluations fulfilled the selection criteria, 24 of them including the cost per QALY gained result as well. The methodological quality of the studies was good (55%) or very good (26%). A total of 124 cost per LYG results were obtained with a mean ratio of 49,529 and a median of 11,490 (standard deviation of 183,080). Since 2003, a commonly accepted Spanish threshold has been referenced by 66% of studies. A significant correlation was found between the cost per LYG and cost per QALY gained results (0.89 Spearman-Rho, 0.91 Pearson). CONCLUSIONS: There is an increasing interest for economic health care evaluations in Spain, and the quality of the studies is also improving. Although a commonly accepted threshold exists, further information is needed for decision-making as well as to identify the relationship between the costs per LYG and per QALY gained

    Long-term effect of a practice-based intervention (HAPPY AUDIT) aimed at reducing antibiotic prescribing in patients with respiratory tract infections

    No full text

    Overall survival in the OlympiA phase III trial of adjuvant olaparib in patients with germline pathogenic variants in BRCA1/2 and high-risk, early breast cancer

    No full text
    International audienc
    corecore