Tahar Ben Jelloun: the body’s words

Chez Tahar Ben Jelloun, le corps de la femme est hautement érotisé. Son dévoilement dans le texte prend le contre-pied de la doxa théologique ou sociale et répond au souci de l’auteur de traduire l’intimité de l’être, de dire le non-dit. Mais il s’agit également d’un corps poétique, d’un “corpstexte”, qui aiguillonne les sens du lecteur et interpelle son imaginaire, et ce, tantôt, en conviant un fond littéraire commun, tantôt, en développant une rhétorique érotique particulière

QUANTITATIVE ASSAY OF BINARY AND TERNARY CARDIOVASCULAR MIXTURES USING ABSORPTION SUBTRACTION SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC METHOD

Objective: Development and validation of specific spectrophotometric analytical method for the simultaneous determination of co-administered cardiovascular mixtures consisting of Aspirine (ASP) and Prasugrel (PRA) binary mixture and Ticagrelor (TICA), Irbesartan (IRB) and Hydrochlorothazide (HCT) ternary mixture. Methods: The proposed spectrophotometric method was based on Absorbance Subtraction, where, when a mixture of two drugs X and Y having overlapped spectra, intersecting at isoabsorptive point and Y spectrum is extended more than X, while X doesn’t show any absorbance (A2) at another wavelength (λ2), X and Y could be determined in the mixture by simple mathematical manipulation Results: This method obeyed Beer’s law in the concentration range of 5-50 μg/ml for ASP, 5-25 μg/ml for PRAS, 10-30 μg/ml for TICA, 0.5-2 μg/ml for IRB, 4-10 μg/ml for HCT. The suggested method was applied on laboratory prepared mixtures and was successfully applied in quality control analysis of combined pharmaceutical dosage forms. The developed spectrophotometric method was validated statistically and recovery studies were carried out, where excellent percentage recoveries were obtained. The developed spectrophotometric method was also compared to reference HPLC methods. Conclusion: The developed spectrophotometric method based on absorption subtraction is an easy, simple and time saving method, that was able to determine the active ingredients in the binary and ternary pharmaceutical formulation without any interference from then excipients

The West Bank Aquifer and Conventions Regarding Laws of Belligerent Occupation

This Note will provide an introductory analysis of the conventions on belligerent occupation as they apply to the West Bank aquifer. Part I provides a brief analysis of the current situation in the region. Part II provides an overview of the relevant conventions on belligerent occupation and then focuses on how these laws apply to underground water resources in the West Bank. Finally, Part III outlines potential developments for the maintenance of complicity with the developing law of belligerent occupation, taking into account developments in international water law

Non-life insurance ratemaking techniques: A literature review of the classic methods

The primary role of insurance is to protect and guarantee individuals' financial safety and security against the financial consequences of random incidents. It involves aggregating a large number of individual risks, among which there will be a certain amount of insurance claims and accumulated losses to the insurance company during a specific timeframe. Furthermore, one of the insurers' main concerns is establishing a tariff structure that distributes these claims and losses among policyholders most equitably and reasonably. This task of determining the pure premium belongs predominantly to actuaries who evaluate the probability of the risk occurrence, determine the risk factors in order to establish commensurate tariffs for each class so that everyone and each pay premium that, in one way or the other, reflects their riskiness. This article provides an overview of the fundamental concepts of ratemaking and reviews the classical statistical techniques used by insurance companies to discriminate tariffs. The article follows the customary actuarial distinction between the two main pricing techniques, namely the a priori and the a posteriori ratemaking techniquesThe primary role of insurance is to protect and guarantee individuals' financial safety and security against the financial consequences of random incidents. It involves aggregating a large number of individual risks, among which there will be a certain amount of insurance claims and accumulated losses to the insurance company during a specific timeframe. Furthermore, one of the insurers' main concerns is establishing a tariff structure that distributes these claims and losses among policyholders most equitably and reasonably. This task of determining the pure premium belongs predominantly to actuaries who evaluate the probability of the risk occurrence, determine the risk factors in order to establish commensurate tariffs for each class so that everyone and each pay premium that, in one way or the other, reflects their riskiness. This article provides an overview of the fundamental concepts of ratemaking and reviews the classical statistical techniques used by insurance companies to discriminate tariffs. The article follows the customary actuarial distinction between the two main pricing techniques, namely the a priori and the a posteriori ratemaking technique

Theoretical Analysis and Performance Comparison of multi-carrier Waveforms for 5G Wireless Applications

5G wireless technology is a new wireless communication system that must meet different complementary needs: high data rate for mobile services, low energy consumption and long-range for connected objects, low latency to ensure real-time communication for critical applications and high spectral efficiency to improve the overall system capacity. The waveforms and associated signals processing, present a real challenge in the implementation for each generation of wireless communication networks. This paper presents the diverse waveforms candidate for 5G systems, including: CE-OFDM (Constant Envelope OFDM), Filter-Bank Multi Carrier (FBMC), Universal Filtered Multi-Carrier (UFMC) and Filtered OFDM (F-OFDM). In this work, simulations are carried out in order to compare the performance of the OFDM, CE-OFDM, F-OFDM, UFMC and FBMC in terms of Power spectral density (PSD) and of Bit Error Rate (BER). It has been demonstrated that (CE-OFDM), constitutes a more efficient solution in terms of energy consumption than OFDM signal. Moreover, the (F-OFDM), (UFMC) and (FBMC) could constitute a more efficient solution in terms of power spectral density, spectral efficiency and bit error rates. In fact, CE-OFDM reduces the Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR) associated with OFDM system, FBMC is a method of improving out-of-band (OOB) characteristic by filtering each subcarrier and resisting the inter-carrier interference (ICI). While, UFMC offers a high spectral efficiency compared to OFDM

SELECTIVE H-POINT STANDARD ADDITION AND DOUBLE DIVISOR RATIO DERIVATIVE CHEMOMETRIC METHODS FOR DETERMINATION OF TERNARY MIXTURE OF CARDIOVASCULAR DRUGS

Green analytical chemistry is concerned with the development of analytical procedures that minimize consumption of hazardous reagents and solvents, and maximize safety for operators and environment. Chemometrics, considered as green analytical chemistry, have become one of the important mathematical and statistical techniques for the resolution of overlapping spectra of multi component mixtures. This work relates simple, accurate and specific analytical chemometric techniques for the simultaneous determination of a ternary mixture of co-administered cardiovascular drugs (Ticagrelor (TICA), Irbesartan (IRB) and Hydrochlorothazide (HCT)). The different applied Chemometric methods are based on H-point standard addition method (HPSAM) and Double divisor ratio spectra Derivative method (DDRD). The applied methods were compared to Derivative spectrophotometry (First derivative (D1) and second derivative (D2)), and shows their superiority in resolving the ternary mixture. TICA, IRB and HCT were determined simultaneously at concentration ratios varying from 0.5: 4: 12.5 µg.mL-1 to 1: 8: 25 or from 10:1:10 to 20:3:8 µg.mL-1, by applying HPSAM or DDRD respectively in a mixed sample. The methods were validated in terms of linearity, LOD, LOQ, precision and accuracy and the results were statistically compared to an established RP-HPLC method

On the lack of women researchers in the Middle East & North Africa

Recent gender policies in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region have improved legal equality for women with noticeable effects in some countries. The implications of these policies on science, however, is not well-understood. This study applies a bibliometric lens to describe the landscape of gender disparities in scientific research in MENA. Specifically, we examine 1.7 million papers indexed in the Web of Science published by 1.1 million authors from MENA between 2008 and 2020. We used bibliometric indicators to analyse potential disparities between men and women in the share of authors, research productivity, and seniority in authorship. The results show that gender parity is far from being achieved in MENA. Overall, men authors obtain higher representation, research productivity, and seniority. But some countries standout: Tunisia, Lebanon, Turkey, Algeria and Egypt have higher shares or women researchers compared to the rest of MENA countries. The UAE, Qatar, and Jordan have shown progress in terms of women participation in science, but Saudi Arabia lags behind. We find that women are more likely to stop publishing than men and that men publish on average between 11% and 51% more than women, with this gap increasing over time. Finally, men, on average, achieved senior positions in authorship faster than women. Our longitudinal study contributes to a better understanding of gender disparities in science in MENA which is catching up in terms of policy engagement and women representation. However, the results suggest that the effects of the policy changes have yet to materialize into distinct improvement in women's participation and performance in science.Comment: 29 pages, 11 figures, 4 table

PMO within Moroccan Organizations: Towards a Synthetic Model of Implementation

The Project Management Office (PMO) is an emerging organizational structure that contributes to the improvement of both project and organizational performances, and project management maturity. Like worldwide, the PMO implementation represents a major challenge for Moroccan organizations due to several factors.. In order to explore the different aspects of PMO implementation, we adopted a qualitative approach based on conducting a set of interviews with PMO managers and experts who have implemented or have been part of a team in charge of implementing PMO. The results of the study have shown that this implementation goes through some generic steps in most cases, and the roles and functions assigned to the PMO are generally identical within the host organizations. One of the main factors influencing the PMO implementation is the top management support, seen through the organizational positioning and decision-making authority granted to the PMO. Moreover, the organizational culture and the degree of openness to innovations are determining factors too. Overall, the main challenges in PMO implementation remain change management and the maintenance of an ongoing support over time

Les jeux de personnages virtuels et la construction de la notion du vivant chez l'enfant

Notre question de recherche consiste à étudier l'effet du virtuel sur la construction du monde réel (le vivant) chez l'enfant. Nous cherchons à savoir quels sont les effets de jeux vidéo comprenant un personnage virtuel sur la construction de la notion du vivant chez des enfants de l'école primaire. Il s'agit de vérifier si la distinction entre " vivant " et " inerte " chez ces enfants est affectée ou non par la présence de tels personnages virtuels dans l'environnement de l'enfant