A native enhanced elastic extension tables multi-tenant database

A fundamental factor of digital image compression is the conversion processes. The intention of this process is to understand the shape of an image and to modify the digital image to a grayscale configuration where the encoding of the compression technique is operational. This article focuses on an investigation of compression algorithms for images with artistic effects. A key component in image compression is how to effectively preserve the original quality of images. Image compression is to condense by lessening the redundant data of images in order that they are transformed cost-effectively. The common techniques include discrete cosine transform (DCT), fast Fourier transform (FFT), and shifted FFT (SFFT). Experimental results point out compression ratio between original RGB images and grayscale images, as well as comparison. The superior algorithm improving a shape comprehension for images with grahic effect is SFFT technique

Phylogenetic diversity of cassava green mite, Mononychellus progresivus from different geographical sites in East Africa

Cassava green mite (CGM) of the Mononychellus genus is an invasive species in Africa, introduced from South America. Its phylogenetic diversity over geographical localities has never been assessed in East Africa, where mite density dynamics oscillate from few individuals to a peak of hundreds. The objective of this study was to determine CGM species comparative phylogenetic diversity from seven distinct geographical sites in East Africa. Six sites were sampled for CGM races, two samples from each country. DNA was extracted on internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) and cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI), and compared for phylogenetic variations of CGM from different locations of East African region. A comparative search from the NCBI Gene bank resulted into identical species nucleotides from Congo and Benin. Sequences from the two sites in Kenya were 99-100% similar to CGM nucleotide from the Congo-Benin accessions (X79902.1) on ITS2 gene region. On COI, a 98-99% site sequences similarity was observed on M. progresivus accession X79901.1. A closely related divergence of specimens collected from Tanzania and Uganda was determined. Both Uganda and Tanzania had 99% match to X79901.1 on COI region. Similarly, the Uganda and Tanzania samples had 99% match to emb/X79902.1 on the 18Sr RNA region. The CGM sequence from coastal Kenya had the highest phylogenetic divergence from the Congo-Benin sequences. A small biogeographic phylogenetic divergence (0-1%) was evident from the analyses among the six collection sites. The results confirm M. progresivus identity in East Africa it also indicates intra-species phylogenetic variations on the COI gene region of interest.L\u2019acarien vert du manioc (CGM) du genre Mononychellus est espece invasive Introduite de l\u2019Amerique du Sud en Afrique. Sa diversite phyllogenetique au sein et entre les localites n\u2019a jamais ete evaluee en Afrique de l\u2019Est, ou la densite d\u2019acarien varie de quelques individus a plusieurs centaines. L\u2019objectif de cette etude etait de determiner la diversite phyllogenetiques des especes CGM et de comparer sept sites geographiquement differents en Afrique de l\u2019Est. six sites ont ete echantillonnes pour des races de CGM, a raison de deux echantillons par pays. De l\u2019AND a ete extrait sur l\u2019espaceur interne transcrit 2 (ITS2) et sous-unite I de cytochrome oxidase (COI), ces echantillons ont ete compares pour les variations phyllogenetiques de CGM provenant de localites differentes de la region Est Africaine. Une etude comparee a la banque de gene de NCBI a revele des especes identiques en provenance de Congo et du Benin, de point de vue de leur nucleotides. Des sequences provenant des deux sites au Kenya ont exhibe 99-100% de similarite avec les nucleotides de CGM provenant des accessions Congo-Benin (X79902.1) sur la region genetique ITS2. Sur COI, une similarite de 98-99% a ete observee sur l\u2019accession M. progresivus X79901.1. Une divergence de sujets genetiquement proches a ete observe chez des specimens collectes en Tanzannie et en Ouganda. Ouganda et Tanzanie ont exhibe 99% de similitude a X79901.1 sur la region COI. De meme, les echantillons provenant de Ouganda et de Tanzannie presentaient 99% de similitude avec emb/X79902.1 sur la region 18Sr RNA. La sequence de CGM provenant de cote kenyane avait la divergence phyllogenique la plus elevee d\u2019avec les sequences Congo-Benin. Une legere divergence phyllogenetique geographiaque (0-1%) a ete note des analyses dans les sites de collection. Les resultats conferment l\u2019identite de M. progresivus identity en Afrique de l\u2019Est. l\u2019etude a aussi revele des variations phyllogenetiques sur la region de gene d\u2019interet COI

NASA Numerical and Experimental Evaluation of UTRC Low Emissions Injector

Computational and experimental analyses of a PICS-Pilot-In-Can-Swirler technology injector, developed by United Technologies Research Center (UTRC) are presented. NASA has defined technology targets for near term (called "N+1", circa 2015), midterm ("N+2", circa 2020) and far term ("N+3", circa 2030) that specify realistic emissions and fuel efficiency goals for commercial aircraft. This injector has potential for application in an engine to meet the Pratt & Whitney N+3 supersonic cycle goals, or the subsonic N+2 engine cycle goals. Experimental methods were employed to investigate supersonic cruise points as well as select points of the subsonic cycle engine; cruise, approach, and idle with a slightly elevated inlet pressure. Experiments at NASA employed gas analysis and a suite of laser-based measurement techniques to characterize the combustor flow downstream from the PICS dump plane. Optical diagnostics employed for this work included Planar Laser-Induced Fluorescence of fuel for injector spray pattern and Spontaneous Raman Spectroscopy for relative species concentration of fuel and CO2. The work reported here used unheated (liquid) Jet-A fuel for all fuel circuits and cycle conditions. The initial tests performed by UTRC used vaporized Jet-A to simulate the expected supersonic cruise condition, which anticipated using fuel as a heat sink. Using the National Combustion Code a PICS-based combustor was modeled with liquid fuel at the supersonic cruise condition. All CFD models used a cubic non-linear k-epsilon turbulence wall functions model, and a semi-detailed Jet-A kinetic mechanism based on a surrogate fuel mixture. Two initial spray droplet size distribution and spray cone conditions were used: 1) an initial condition (Lefebvre) with an assumed Rosin-Rammler distribution, and 7 degree Solid Spray Cone; and 2) the Boundary Layer Stripping (BLS) primary atomization model giving the spray size distribution and directional properties. Contour and line plots are shown in comparison with experimental data (where this data is available) for flow velocities, fuel, and temperature distribution. The CFD results are consistent with experimental observations for fuel distribution and vaporization. Analysis of gas sample results, using a previously-developed NASA NOx correlation, indicates that for sea-level takeoff, the PICS configuration is predicted to deliver an EINOx value of about 3 for the targeted supersonic aircraft. Emissions results at supersonic cruise conditions show potential for meeting the NASA goals with liquid fuel

An exploratory policy analysis of electric vehicle sales competition and sensitivity to infrastructure in Europe

This research contributes to discussions about policy interventions to stimulate the transition of vehicle technology. Concentrating on passenger cars, an extensive system dynamics based market agent model of powertrain technology transitions within the EU up to 2050 is employed. With a focus on subsidy scenarios for both infrastructure deployment and vehicle purchase, and set within the context of the EU fleet emission regulations, we find that there are important interactions between different powertrain types and with infrastructure provision. For example, strong plug-in electric vehicle (PiEV) policy could inhibit the maturity of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles. Infrastructure provision is important for improving the utility of a PiEV, but we find that in the early market it may have a weaker correlation with uptake than other policy options, until the PiEV stock share is over around 5%. Furthermore, an attempt to install a ratio of much more than one charge point per 10 PiEV may lead to little gains and high costs. PiEV sales are relatively insensitive at target levels over 25 PiEV per charge point. The results of our study can help policymakers to find the right balance and timing of measures targeting the transition towards low carbon alternative vehicles

Taxonomic Revisiting and Phylogenetic Placement of Two Endangered Plant Species: Silene leucophylla Boiss. and Silene schimperiana Boiss. (Caryophyllaceae)

The genus Silene L. is one of the largest genera in Caryophyllaceae, and is distributed in the Northern Hemisphere and South America. The endemic species Silene leucophylla and the near-endemic S. schimperiana are native to the Sinai Peninsula, Egypt. They have reduced population size and are endangered on national and international scales. These two species have typically been disregarded in most studies of the genus Silene. This research integrates the Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), species micromorphology, and the phylogenetic analysis of four DNA markers: ITS, matK, rbcL and psb-A/trn-H. Trichomes were observed on the stem of Silene leucophylla, while the S. schimperiana has a glabrous stem. Irregular epicuticle platelets with sinuate margin were found in S. schimperiana. Oblong, bone-shaped, and irregularly arranged epidermal cells were present on the leaf of S. leucophylla, while Silene schimperiana leaf has “tetra-, penta-, hexa-, and polygonal” epidermal cells. Silene leucophylla and S. schimperiana have amphistomatic stomata. The Bayesian phylogenetic analysis of each marker individually or in combination represented the first phylogenetic study to reveal the generic and sectional classification of S. leucophylla and S. schimperiana. Two Silene complexes are proposed based on morphological and phylogenetic data. The Leucophylla complex was allied to section Siphonomorpha and the Schimperiana complex was related to section Sclerocalycinae. However, these two complexes need further investigation and more exhaustive sampling to infer their complex phylogenetic relationships