Lusitanos frente a Galba (151-150 a.c.) ¿Una deditio in Fidem?

Trabajo realizado en el ámbito del Proyecto: “Diplomacia y comunicación política en Occidente (III-I a.C.)”, HAR2015-66232-P, Plan Nacional I+D+i, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, Agencia Estatal de Investigación, Gobierno de España-FEDER. Grupo de investigación Occidens, UA

Evaluación preliminar del efecto antidiarreico de la cocción de semillas de Theobroma cacao (Malvaceae) en ratones Mus musculus (Rodentia, Muridae) cepa NIH

Con el objetivo de evaluar la acción antidiarreica de una cocción de semillas de Theobroma cacao (árbol de Cacao, Cacaotero) se realizó un estudio in vivo con un modelo de diarreas inducidas con aceite de ricino en ratones (Mus musculus) de la cepa NIH. Se realizaron dos preparaciones utilizando semillas pulverizadas y sometidas a cocción, una al 2.48% p/v y otra al 1.24% p/v. Para ello se siguió el Protocolo Estandarizado (PFA001) descrito por el bioterio de la Universidad de Chimborazo, Ecuador. Se encontró que a concentración de 1.24% p/v la cocción de semillas de cacao aumentan el porcentaje de heces duras en los ratones comparado con los grupos controles. En cuanto al tiempo de la primera deposición no se encontró diferencia significativa entre los grupos. Estos resultados preliminares obtenidos muestran que la solución de cacao al 1.24% puede considerarse como un buen protector del epitelio intestinal disminuyendo los síntomas de la diarrea secretora.Anti-Diarrheal Activity of Theobroma cacao (Malvaceae) in Mice Mus musculus (Rodentia, Muridae) NIH Strain. In order to evaluate the anti-diarrheal action of the seeds of Theobroma cacao (Cocoa Tree, Cocoa, chocolate) an in vivo study with a model of castor oil induced in mice (Mus musculus NIH strain) diarrhea was performed. Two substances using pulverized seeds and subjected to cooking, one at 2.48% p/v and the other 1.24% p/v were assayed. The antidiarrheal action was assessed following the standardized protocol (PFA001) described by the animal facility of the University of Chimborazo, Ecuador. It was found that at a moderate concentration (1.24% p/v) cooking cocoa beans increase the percentage of hard stools in mice compared to the control groups. As for the time of the first deposition no significant difference between groups was found. These preliminary results show that the solution of 1.24% cocoa can be seen as a good protector of the intestinal epithelium reducing the symptoms of secretory diarrhea

Acercamiento a la lectura y la compresión de textos en los estudiantes del área de español de todos los ciclos de la IED Antonio Nariño.

El desarrollo de este proyecto busca mejorar las competencias lecto escritoras de los estudiantes de la Institución Educativa Antonio Nariño Jornada Nocturna. El cuál es realizado por cinco estudiantes de (10°) décimo semestre de la Licenciatura en Humanidades e Idiomas de la Universidad Libre. Se observaron en los estudiantes grandes problemáticas, como son: el bajo nivel de lectura, compresión de textos, interpretación, argumentación y proposición de ideas, descubiertas gracias a las jornadas de observación, durante las prácticas y talleres en clase. Un desafío relevante será promover los buenos hábitos de lectura, compromiso que se llevará a cabo, teniendo en cuenta el déficit en comprensión y redacción de textos; por ende se buscará mejorar dichas competencias entre los estudiantes del colegio. La metodología usada para realizar este proyecto será por medio de la utilización de las cartillas “Eres lo que lees” acompañadas de actividades complementarias que favorecen y mejoran las competencias lecto-escritoras de los estudiantes, acercándolos a la lectura, por medio la implementación de estrategias metacognitivas.The development of this project seeks to improve the reading and writting skills of students of School Antonio Nariño. Which is performed by five students (10 °) tenth semester of the Bachelor of Humanities and Languages at the Universidad Libre.There were major problems in students, such as: the low level of reading, understanding of texts, interpretation, argument and proposing ideas, discovered thanks to the days of observation, during practice and classroom workshops. An important challenge will be to promote good reading habits, commitment to be carried out, no forgeting the deficit in comprehension and writing; therefore will seek to improve these skills among college students. The methodology used for this project will be through the use of primers "You are what you read" accompanied by complementary activities that promote and enhance reading-writing skills of students, bringing them closer to reading through the implementation of strategies metacognitiv

Variability and power enhancement of current controlled resistive switching devices

Producción CientíficaIn this work, the unipolar resistive switching behaviour of Ni/HfO2/Si(n+) devices is studied. The structures are characterized using both current and voltage sweeps, with the device resistance and its cycle-to-cycle variability being analysed in each case. Experimental measurements indicate a clear improvement on resistance states stability when using current sweeps to induce both set and reset processes. Moreover, it has been found that using current to induce these transitions is more efficient than using voltage sweeps, as seen when analysing the device power consumption. The same results are obtained for devices with a Ni top electrode and a bilayer or pentalayer of HfO2/Al2O3 as dielectric. Finally, kinetic Monte Carlo and compact modelling simulation studies are performed to shed light on the experimental results.Junta de Andalucía - FEDER (B-TIC-624-UGR20)Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) (project 20225AT012)Ramón y Cajal (grant RYC2020-030150-I

Multicentric Standardization of Protocols for the Diagnosis of Human Mitochondrial Respiratory Chain Defects

The study was conducted according to the guidelines of the Declaration of Helsinki and approved by the Institutional Review Board of each institution: IBC U737 (C0000128), HCL U722 (HCB2017/0808), 12O U723 (CEI:18/487), VH U701 (PR(IR)63/2016) and UPO U729 (C.I. 2768-N-21)The quantification of mitochondrial respiratory chain (MRC) enzymatic activities is essential for diagnosis of a wide range of mitochondrial diseases, ranging from inherited defects to secondary dysfunctions. MRC lesion is frequently linked to extended cell damage through the generation of proton leak or oxidative stress, threatening organ viability and patient health. However, the intrinsic challenge of a methodological setup and the high variability in measuring MRC enzymatic activities represents a major obstacle for comparative analysis amongst institutions. To improve experimental and statistical robustness, seven Spanish centers with extensive experience in mitochondrial research and diagnosis joined to standardize common protocols for spectrophotometric MRC enzymatic measurements using minimum amounts of sample. Herein, we present the detailed protocols, reference ranges, tips and troubleshooting methods for experimental and analytical setups in different sample preparations and tissues that will allow an international standardization of common protocols for the diagnosis of MRC defects. Methodological standardization is a crucial step to obtain comparable reference ranges and international standards for laboratory assays to set the path for further diagnosis and research in the field of mitochondrial diseasesThis work was supported by Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), grants FIS PI17/00021, PI17/00359, PI18/00498, PI18/00451, PI18/01374, PI19/01772, PI20/00541, PI21/00229, PI21/00381 and PI21/00935 (ISCIII-FEDER “Cofinanciado por la Unión Europea”), Fundació Privada Cellex, Junta de Andalucía (UPO-1262247) and Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MCINN) grant PID2019-110320RBI00. All participant centers are integrated in the Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red (CIBER), Sección de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER, an initiative of ISCIII), which is the founder of this present methodological stud

Multicentric Standardization of protocols for the diagnosis of human mitochondrial respiratory chain defects

The quantification of mitochondrial respiratory chain (MRC) enzymatic activities is essential for diagnosis of a wide range of mitochondrial diseases, ranging from inherited defects to secondary dysfunctions. MRC lesion is frequently linked to extended cell damage through the generation of proton leak or oxidative stress, threatening organ viability and patient health. However, the intrinsic challenge of a methodological setup and the high variability in measuring MRC enzymatic activities represents a major obstacle for comparative analysis amongst institutions. To improve experimental and statistical robustness, seven Spanish centers with extensive experience in mitochondrial research and diagnosis joined to standardize common protocols for spectrophotometric MRC enzymatic measurements using minimum amounts of sample. Herein, we present the detailed protocols, reference ranges, tips and troubleshooting methods for experimental and analytical setups in different sample preparations and tissues that will allow an international standardization of common protocols for the diagnosis of MRC defects. Methodological standardization is a crucial step to obtain comparable reference ranges and international standards for laboratory assays to set the path for further diagnosis and research in the field of mitochondrial diseases

At the beginnings of the funerary Megalithism in Iberia at Campo de Hockey necropolis

[EN] The excavations undertaken at the Campo de Hockey site in 2008 led to the identification of a major Neolithic necropolis in the former Island of San Fernando (Bay of Cadiz). This work presents the results of the latest studies, which indicate that the site stands as one of the oldest megalithic necropolises in the Iberian Peninsula. The main aim of this work is to present with precision the chronology of this necropolis through a Bayesian statistical model that confirms that the necropolis was in use from c. 4300 to 3800 cal BC. The presence of prestige grave goods in the earliest and most monumental graves suggest that the Megalithism phenomenon emerged in relation to maritime routes linked to the distribution of exotic products. We also aim to examine funerary practices in these early megalithic communities, and especially their way of life and the social reproduction system. As such, in addition to the chronological information and the Bayesian statistics, we provide the results of a comprehensive interdisciplinary study, including anthropological, archaeometric and genetic data.We wish to express our gratitude to Antonio Saez Espligares (Historical Museum of San Fernando) and Lourdes Lorenzo (Figlina, s.l.) for their support during the archaeological excavation. This research was conducted in the framework of the following research projects: "Analysis of prehistoric societies from the Middle Palaeolithic to the Late Neolithic at both sides of the Strait of Gibraltar: relations and contacts", funded by the State Research Agency (SRA) and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF). Ref.: HAR2017-87324-P. (2018-2021). "Analisis interdisciplinar para el conocimiento del poblamiento humano de la Bahia de Cadiz durante la Prehistoria Reciente (VI-II milenios a.n.e.)", funded by 2014-2020 ERDF Operational Programme and the Department of Economy, Knowledge, Business and University of the Regional Government of Andalusia. Ref.: FEDER-UCA18-106917 (2020-2023). "Analisis de los isotopos de oxigeno en conchas y de los isotopos estables de oxigeno y carbono en huesos humanos en el poblado neolitico insular de Campo de Hockey (San Fernando, Cadiz)", authorised and funded by CEIMAR. Ref.: CEIJ-015 (2018-2019). Eduardo Molina Piernas acknowledges co-funding from European Social Fund (D1113102E3) and Junta de Andalucia

Bone metabolism and inflammatory biomarkers in radiographic and non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis patients: a comprehensive evaluation

IntroductionAxial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) is a heterogeneous disease that can be represented by radiographic axSpA (r-axSpA) and non-radiographic axSpA (nr-axSpA). This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between the markers of inflammation and bone turnover in r-axSpA patients and nr-axSpA patients.MethodsA cross-sectional study included 29 r-axSpA patients, 10 nr-axSpA patients, and 20 controls matched for age and sex. Plasma markers related to bone remodeling such as human procollagen type 1 N-terminal propeptide (P1NP), sclerostin, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b (TRACP5b), receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL), and osteoprotegerin (OPG) were measured by an ELISA kit. A panel of 92 inflammatory molecules was analyzed by proximity extension assay.ResultsR-axSpA patients had decreased plasma levels of P1NP, a marker of bone formation, compared to controls. In addition, r-axSpA patients exhibited decreased plasma levels of sclerostin, an anti-anabolic bone hormone, which would not explain the co-existence of decreased plasma P1NP concentration; however, sclerostin levels could also be influenced by inflammatory processes. Plasma markers of osteoclast activity were similar in all groups. Regarding inflammation-related molecules, nr-axSpA patients showed increased levels of serum interleukin 13 (IL13) as compared with both r-axSpA patients and controls, which may participate in the prevention of inflammation. On the other hand, r-axSpA patients had higher levels of pro-inflammatory molecules compared to controls (i.e., IL6, Oncostatin M, and TNF receptor superfamily member 9). Correlation analysis showed that sclerostin was inversely associated with IL6 and Oncostatin M among others.ConclusionAltogether, different inflammatory profiles may play a role in the development of the skeletal features in axSpA patients particularly related to decreased bone formation. The relationship between sclerostin and inflammation and the protective actions of IL13 could be of relevance in the axSpA pathology, which is a topic for further investigation

Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension in Corrected Valvular Heart Disease: Hemodynamic Insights and Long-Term Survival.

Background The determinants and consequences of pulmonary hypertension after successfully corrected valvular heart disease remain poorly understood. We aim to clarify the hemodynamic bases and risk factors for mortality in patients with this condition. Methods and Results We analyzed long-term follow-up data of 222 patients with pulmonary hypertension and valvular heart disease successfully corrected at least 1 year before enrollment who had undergone comprehensive hemodynamic and imaging characterization as per the SIOVAC (Sildenafil for Improving Outcomes After Valvular Correction) clinical trial. Median (interquartile range) mean pulmonary pressure was 37 mm Hg (32-44 mm Hg) and pulmonary artery wedge pressure was 23 mm Hg (18-26 mm Hg). Most patients were classified either as having combined precapillary and postcapillary or isolated postcapillary pulmonary hypertension. After a median follow-up of 4.5 years, 91 deaths accounted for 4.21 higher-than-expected mortality in the age-matched population. Risk factors for mortality were male sex, older age, diabetes mellitus, World Health Organization functional class III and higher pulmonary vascular resistance-either measured by catheterization or approximated from ultrasound data. Higher pulmonary vascular resistance was related to diabetes mellitus and smaller residual aortic and mitral valve areas. In turn, the latter correlated with prosthetic nominal size. Six-month changes in the composite clinical score and in the 6-minute walk test distance were related to survival. Conclusions Persistent valvular heart disease-pulmonary hypertension is an ominous disease that is almost universally associated with elevated pulmonary artery wedge pressure. Pulmonary vascular resistance is a major determinant of mortality in this condition and is related to diabetes mellitus and the residual effective area of the corrected valve. These findings have important implications for individualizing valve correction procedures. Registration URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov; Unique identifier: NCT00862043.This study was funded by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Spain, the European Union–European Regional Development Fund (EC07/90772 and PI19/00649), and the Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (CIBERCV).S