Intervención educativa de los primeros auxilios en trabajadores del Mercado Modelo Caja de Agua- San Juan de Lurigancho-2020

La presente investigación tuvo como objetivo: Determinar la efectividad de la intervención educativa en el conocimiento y práctica sobre primeros auxilios en los trabajadores del mercado Modelo Caja de Agua- San Juan de Lurigancho 2020. Método: Estudio cuantitativo de diseño cuasi experimental, se realizó en el mercado modelo caja de agua, la población fue de 214 trabajadores, para fines de estudio, se trabajó con la muestra de 40 trabajadores, 20 de grupo control, lo cual fueron los que no recibieron ninguna intervención pero se realizo el pre test y el pos test se evaluó ambas variables, 20 de grupo experimental, fueron seleccionados por las dos investigadoras, para la recolección de datos se utilizó un cuestionario y el check list, en el pre test y pos test se evaluó ambas variables, se aplicó la intervención educativa en donde se usó proyecciones audiovisuales, sociodrama. Resultado: Después de la intervención educativa se concretó que hubo un incremento significativo en conocimiento y práctica sobre primeros auxilios en el grupo experimental a comparación del grupo control, que no recibió ninguna intervención educativa Conclusión: Se identificó la efectividad de una intervención educativa en el conocimiento y las prácticas sobre los primeros auxilios, la mayoría de trabajadores obtuvieron un alto nivel de conocimient

Heart rate response and functional capacity in patients with chronic heart failure with preserved ejection fraction

Aims: The mechanisms of exercise intolerance in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) are not yet elucidated. Chronotropic incompetence has emerged as a potential mechanism. We aimed to evaluate whether heart rate (HR) response to exercise is associated to functional capacity in patients with symptomatic HFpEF. Methods and results We prospectively studied 74 HFpEF patients [35.1% New York Heart Association Class III, 53% fe- male, age (mean ± standard deviation) 72.5 ± 9.1 years, and 59.5% atrial fi brillation]. Functional performance was assessed by peak oxygen consumption (peak VO 2 ). The mean (standard deviation) peak VO 2 was 10 ± 2.8 mL/min/kg. The following chronotropic parameters were calculated: Delta-HR (HR at peak exercise - HR at rest), chronotropic index (CI) = (HR at peak exercise - resting HR)/[(220 - age) - resting HR], and CI according to the equation developed by Keteyian et al . (CIK) (HR at peak exercise - HR at rest)/[119 + (HR at rest/2) (age/2) - 5 - HR at rest]. In a bivariate setting, peak VO 2 was positively and signi fi cantly correlated with Delta-HR ( r = 0.35, P = 0.003), CI ( r = 0.27, P = 0.022), CIK ( r = 0.28, P = 0.018), and borderline with HR at peak exercise ( r = 0.22, P = 0.055). In a multivariable linear regression analysis that included clinical, analytical, echocardiographic, and functional capacity covariates, the chronotropic parameters were positively associated with peak VO 2 . We found a linear relationship between Delta-HR and peak VO 2 ( β coef fi cient of 0.03; 95% con fi dence interval: 0.004 – 0.05; P = 0.030); conversely, the association among CIs and peak VO 2 was exponen- tially shaped. Conclusions In patients with chronic HFpEF, the HR response to exercise was positively associated to patient ’ s functional capacity

Actions for the development of sitting volleyball as a community recreational alternative

The work entitled "Actions for the development of sitting volleyball as a community recreational alternative"; had the objective to design a plan of actions for the development of sitting volleyball as a recreational community alternative in La Isla de la Juventud, with the purpose of offering the population, mainly young people, a new healthy form of entertainment, physical preparation, health and leisure; taking into consideration the physical, cultural and social spaces with an appropriate use of free time. During its development there were used theoretical research methods (historical-logical, analysis-synthesis, inductive-deductive and documentary); empirical methods (scientific observation, survey, interviews), as well as the SWOT matrix (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats) as a method of strategic definition in the conformation of actions. All these allowed to face the different research situations that were presented during the entire period of information search, data collection, selection and preparation of the action plan for the development of sitting volleyball as a community recreational alternative. From a population of 199 individuals, a sample of 62 was taken; what represented 31.15% of it. It consisted of 57 young people between 16-25 years old (23 men and 34 women), 3 members of the Popular Council (2 men and 1 women) and 2 technicians and activists (both male) from "José Martí" community in La Isla de la Juventud. The results obtained in the structuring and planning of community recreational activities and in the inclusion of sitting volleyball as a recreational alternative in community programs allowed concluding that the proposed actions will contribute to the development of sitting volleyball as a recreational alternative and therefore; a better quality of life in the community

Nutrition-Related Adverse Outcomes in Endurance Sports Competitions: A Review of Incidence and Practical Recommendations

During the last few years, the numbers of competitors in endurance and ultra-endurance sports modalities have increased significantly. This type of competition is an extreme challenge for athletes. Therefore, they have an increased the risk of developing medical and nutritional problems. The aim of the work is to estimate the incidence of nutrition-related adverse outcomes in endurance and ultra-endurance sports, considering the variables that influence them. A critical review was carried out based on the PubMed database, by means of a search strategy based on keywords separated by Boolean connectors. For all the results obtained in a period from 2008 to 2019, a series of inclusion/exclusion criteria was applied to select only the studies that fitted the objective of the present study. Results and discussion: Of the 871 publications identified, 33 met the inclusion criteria. The adverse outcomes found included exercise-associated hyponatremia (EAH), heat stroke by exertion (EHS), gastrointestinal (GI) problems, dehydration, and hypothermia; the provision of misinformation to athletes about nutrient intake and hydration during competition was identified as the main cause. Conclusions: The main adverse outcomes in endurance and ultra-endurance sports modalities are EAH, GI inconveniences, and EHS. These problems can affect the performance and health status of the athlete during and post-competition. Several nutritional guidelines have been suggested that can prevent these adverse outcomes, and it is essential to individualize and adjust the nutritional intake and hydration status according to the characteristics of each competition

NiO nanowire-containing heat transfer nanofluids for CSP plants: Experiments and simulations to promote their application

Concentrating solar power (CSP) is considered a clean, renewable and sustainable energy with a significant potential to become an alternative to polluting fossil fuel-based technologies. Among CSP collectors, parabolic-trough collectors (PTC) are the most mature technology, representing nearly 90% of the currently installed collectors in CSP plants worldwide. In this technology, a heat transfer fluid (HTF) carries the thermal energy absorbed to a power block to produce electricity. Improving the thermal properties of the conventional HTF could lead to an improvement of the efficiency of CSP plants. In this sense, the use of nanofluids as the HTF in these plants can be a promising choice. Here, polycrystalline NiO nanowirecontaining nanofluids have been prepared using the conventional HTF used in CSP plants as the base fluid; that is, the eutectic and azeotropic mixture of biphenyl (26.5%) and diphenyl oxide (73.5%). The stability, rheological and thermal properties have been characterized, and an analysis of the performance of the nanofluids prepared in standard and volumetric absorbers have been carried out. The overall CSP system performance can be increased up to 34.8% using the nanofluid in a surface collector or up to 34.3% using the nanofluid in a volumetric collector, which are better than the predicted 28.5% using the conventional HTF in a standard surface collector, thanks to the improvements in thermal properties, both specific heat and thermal conductivity. Finally, from molecular dynamics simulations we determined that the mean free path of thermal vibrations is longer for monocrystalline NiO nanowires. Thus, the development of strategies for obtaining this kind of nanostructures is of great interest because they can further improve the efficiency of these nanofluids

Improving the efficiency of the concentrating solar power plants using heat transfer nanofluids with gold nanoplates: An analysis from laboratory to industrial scale

We report about the remarkable changes in the thermophysical properties of the heat transfer fluid used in concentrating solar power plants with parabolic-trough collectors (Dowtherm A, a mixture of diphenyl oxide and biphenyl) by addition of Au nanoplates in mass fractions around 10−2 wt%. The resulting nanofluids are stable for weeks, and their enhanced physical properties make them good candidates for the application. Particularly, with 4.8·10−2 wt% of Au nanoplates, specific heat increases by 12.0 ± 1.2 % at 523 K and thermal conductivity increases by 24.9 ± 6.1 % at 373 K, with no measurable changes in density or dynamic viscosity. This set of physical properties allows to make a realistic estimation of the performance of a prototypical concentrating solar power plant using these nanofluids for solar-to-thermal energy conversion. We determine, using computational cost-free numerical models available in literature, that the performance of a concentrating solar power plant could increase up to 35.1 %, compared to the predicted 24.7 % with the conventional heat transfer fluid, with neither rheological penalties nor economically prohibitive structural changes. The findings here reported may contribute to encourage the application of heat transfer nanofluids in order to improve the efficiency of concentrating solar power plants, and to consolidate a working scheme that positively promotes the transition from laboratory scale to industrial scale. © 2023 The Author

Componentes de (co)varianza de caracteres reproductivos y su relación genética on el peso al destete en el ganado Cebú de Cuba

The objective of this study was to estimate (co)variance components for reproductive traits and genetic correlations with weaning weight (WW) in Zebu cattle in Cuba. Data for 51,193 calvings of 17,890 cows in 48 herds were used. The pedigree file included 23,903 individuals. In order to estimate genetic correlations between WW and reproductive traits, 67,829 records were used, of which 19,768 were for WW and 48,061 for reproductive traits. Univariate and bivariate models were applied using the REML procedure of the ASREML program. Heritability for reproductive traits was low (0.01 to 0.09). Genetic correlations between days open (DO) were high only for the first three births (0.92 to 0.99) and low between these and later ones (0.45 to 0.90). Genetic correlations between DO and calving to first insemination interval, calving interval and number of inseminations for pregnancy were 0.98, 0.99 and 0.39, respectively. Genetic correlations of WW with reproductive traits varied between 0.04 and 0.07. As a conclusion, estimated heritability for reproductive traits was low, genetic correlations among reproductive traits were high and its genetic correlation with weaning weight was low.El objetivo de este trabajo fue estimar componentes de (co)varianza de caracteres reproductivos y su relación genética con el peso al destete (PD) en el ganado Cebú de Cuba. Se utilizaron datos de 51,193 partos de 17,890 vacas paridas entre 1981 y 2000 en 48 hatos. El pedigrí incluyó 23,903 individuos. Para estimar las correlaciones genéticas entre el PD y los caracteres reproductivos se utilizaron 67,829 registros, 19,768 fueron para PD y 48,061 para rasgos reproductivos. Se aplicaron modelos univariados y bivariados con el procedimiento REML y utilizando el programa ASREML. La heredabilidad para las variables reproductivas fue baja (0.01 a 0.09). Las correlaciones genéticas entre días abiertos (DA) fueron altas entre los tres primeros partos (0.92 a 0.99) y menores entre estos y los posteriores (0.45 a 0.90). Las correlaciones genéticas entre los DA y el intervalo a la primera inseminación, intervalo entre partos y servicios por gestación fueron de 0.98, 0.99 y 0.39, respectivamente. Las correlaciones genéticas del PD con los rasgos reproductivos señalados variaron de 0.04 a 0.07. Se concluye que la heredabilidad estimada para los caracteres reproductivos fue baja, las correlaciones genéticas entre ellos por lo general fueron altas, y su correlación genética con el peso al destete fue baja

Relación que existe entre el estilo de vida y actividad física con el rendimiento académico de estudiantes de primer y segundo año medio de colegios particulares de la Región Metropolitana

Tesis (Profesor de Educación Física para la Enseñanza Básica, Licenciado en Educación)El objetivo del presente estudio fue relacionar el rendimiento académico y el concepto de actividad física junto con el estilo de vida en escolares de primer y segundo año medio en colegios particulares de la Región Metropolitana, donde fueron evaluados un total de 136 estudiantes (n=136). Se determinó el estilo de vida a través de encuesta extraída del MINSAL “tienes un estilo de vida fantástico”. El nivel de actividad física fue determinado por el cuestionario “G-PAQ” y también se requirió el promedio de notas, usando los promedios obtenidos del año anterior (2018) para luego ser analizados con las encuestas. Los resultados evidenciaron que de la muestra total de la investigación un 71% de los estudiantes tienen una vida “fantástica” y un excelente rendimiento académico, un 53% demostró tener un buen nivel de actividad física y un buen rendimiento académico, y a su vez un 88% del total reflejó tener un buen estilo de vida junto a una gran actividad física. Siendo plasmado en detalle entre los cursos de primer y segundo año medio en la investigación. Concluyendo que los estudiantes que tienen un buen estilo de vida, que conllevan una actividad física activa, presentan mejores calificaciones para su rendimiento académico.The objective of this study was to relate the academic performance and the physical activity concept with the lifestyle of students from 9th and 10th grade in a private schools in the Metropolitan Region, where were evaluated 136 students (n = 136). Lifestyle was determined through a survey taken from the MINSAL "You have a fantastic lifestyle" and the level of physical activity was determined by the “G-PAQ” questionnaire. The average of grades was also required, for this we used the average from the previous year (2018) and then analyzed with the survey results. The results showed that of the total research sample, 71% of the students have a “fantastic” life and excellent academic performance, 53% showed a good physical activity attitude and a good academic performance, and the 88% of the total reflected have a good lifestyle with great physical activity. Being reflected in detail between the 9th and 10th grade. Concluding that students with a good lifestyle and an active physical activity, have better grades and improve of their academic performance

Compromising between European and US allergen immunotherapy schools: Discussions from GUIMIT, the Mexican immunotherapy guidelines

Background: Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) has a longstanding history and still remains the only disease-changing treatment for allergic rhinitis and asthma. Over the years 2 different schools have developed their strategies: the United States (US) and the European. Allergen extracts available in these regions are adapted to local practice. In other parts of the world, extracts from both regions and local ones are commercialized, as in Mexico. Here, local experts developed a national AIT guideline (GUIMIT 2019) searching for compromises between both schools. Methods: Using ADAPTE methodology for transculturizing guidelines and AGREE-II for evaluating guideline quality, GUIMIT selected 3 high-quality Main Reference Guidelines (MRGs): the European Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology (EAACI) guideines, the S2k guideline of various German-speaking medical societies (2014), and the US Practice Parameters on Allergen Immunotherapy 2011. We formulated clinical questions and based responses on the fused evidence available in the MRGs, combined with local possibilities, patient's preference, and costs. We came across several issues on which the MRGs disagreed. These are presented here along with arguments of GUIMIT members to resolve them. GUIMIT (for a complete English version, see Supplementary data) concluded the following: Results: Related to the diagnosis of IgE-mediated respiratory allergy, apart from skin prick testing complementary tests (challenges, in vitro testing and molecular such as species-specific allergens) might be useful in selected cases to inform AIT composition. AIT is indicated in allergic rhinitis and suggested in allergic asthma (once controlled) and IgE-mediated atopic dermatitis. Concerning the correct subcutaneous AIT dose for compounding vials according to the US school: dosing tables and formula are given; up to 4 non-related allergens can be mixed, refraining from mixing high with low protease extracts. When using European extracts: the manufacturer's indications should be followed; in multi-allergic patients 2 simultaneous injections can be given (100% consensus); mixing is discouraged. In Mexico only allergoid tablets are available; based on doses used in all sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) publications referenced in MRGs, GUIMIT suggests a probable effective dose related to subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) might be: 50–200% of the monthly SCIT dose given daily, maximum mixing 4 allergens. Also, a table with practical suggestions on non-evidence-existing issues, developed with a simplified Delphi method, is added. Finally, dissemination and implementation of guidelines is briefly discussed, explaining how we used online tools for this in Mexico. Conclusions: Countries where European and American AIT extracts are available should adjust AIT according to which school is followed

La necrópolis de Los Collados de Almedinilla (Córdoba). Historiografía de un cementerio complejo

The excavations in the Necropolis of Los Collados, carried out by Luis Maraver y Alfaro in the second half of the 19th century, and afterwards, those done by Pierre Paris and Arthur Engels at the beginning of the 20th century, serve to define archeologically that which would be considered Iberian culture. Since then, apart from a few reviews of materials, this site has been forgotten to the point that its exact location was unknown to researchers. It was because of this that prospecting work and excavation were carried out in May and July 2019 that allowed archeologists to locate the necropolis and recover various tombs and ritual deposits. In this work we present the preliminary results of both interventions