Fallen Journals 2023. Implications for Spanish science of the expulsion of journals from the Web of Science

Este trabajo presenta cómo afecta a la ciencia producida en España la caída de estas revistas fraudulentas, viendo su peso por universidades. Además, se profundiza en la producción de la revista International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health -IJERPH (MDPI), revista donde más españoles han publicado en los últimos años y que también ha sido expulsada. Si las mega-journals suponen el 62% de los artículos de este conjunto IJERPH tiene un 25,4% del total, sin embargo, representa el 78,5% de los artículos españoles. Son las universidades privadas y más pequeñas las que parecen tener más dependencia de estas revistas. Tan sólo en IJERPH se estima que los artículos españoles han tenido un coste total por encima de los 12 millones de euros en los últimos 5 años. Al final del documento se reflexiona sobre las perversiones derivadas del sistema español de evaluación, de sus protagonistas y de cómo se fomentan estos deméritos, al no ser perseguidos, sino recompensados.This work analyzes the impact of the expulsion of 82 journals (15 of them mega-journals) from Web of Science on March 20, 2023, on the science produced in Spain. It shows their weight by universities and focuses on the production of International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health -IJERPH (MDPI), the journal with the most Spanish publications in recent years and that has been expelled. If mega-journals account for 62%, IJERPH has 78.5% of the total. Private and smaller universities seem to have more dependence on these journals. Only in IJERPH, Spanish articles have had a total cost above 12 million euros in the last 5 years. The document reflects on the perversions derived from the Spanish evaluation system, its protagonists and how these demerits are encouraged, by not being persecuted, but rewarded

p-adic analogues of the law of large numbers and the central limit theorem

This paper is a study of motion verbs employed in the so-called «virtual motion constructions» in Ancient Greek. The authors claim that these constructions involve a metaphorical projection and explore the role of metaphor in the syntactic construction and use of the voices. Besides, generic reference and stativity associated with virtual motion verbs are explained with reference to the descriptive character of these constructions and the descriptive text type in which they tend to appear.El presente trabajo es un estudio de los verbos de movimiento empleados en las «construcciones de movimiento virtual» en griego antiguo. Los autores proponen que estas construcciones implican una proyección metafórica y estudian la incidencia de la metáfora en la construcción sintáctica y el empleo de las voces. Por otra parte, las referencias genérica y de estado asociadas a los verbos de movimiento virtual se explican a partir de su carácter descriptivo y el tipo textual descriptivo en que tienden a aparecer

A Modular Programmable CMOS Analog Fuzzy Controller Chip

We present a highly modular fuzzy inference analog CMOS chip architecture with on-chip digital programmability. This chip consists of the interconnection of parameterized instances of two different kind of blocks, namely label blocks and rule blocks. The architecture realizes a lattice partition of the universe of discourse, which at the hardware level means that the fuzzy labels associated to every input (realized by the label blocks) are shared among the rule blocks. This reduces the area and power consumption and is the key point for chip modularity. The proposed architecture is demonstrated through a 16-rule two input CMOS 1-μm prototype which features an operation speed of 2.5 Mflips (2.5×10^6 fuzzy inferences per second) with 8.6 mW power consumption. Core area occupation of this prototype is of only 1.6 mm 2 including the digital control and memory circuitry used for programmability. Because of the architecture modularity the number of inputs and rules can be increased with any hardly design effort.This work was supported in part by the Spanish C.I.C.Y.T under Contract TIC96-1392-C02- 02 (SIVA)

Resistance to Fomesafen, Imazamox and Glyphosate in Euphorbia heterophylla from Brazil

Euphorbia heterophylla is a species of weed that was previously controlled by fomesafen, imazamox and glyphosate, but continued use of these herbicides has selected resistant populations from the Rio Grande do Sul (Brazil). One resistant (R) strain and one susceptible (S) strain to fomesafen, imazamox and glyphosate were compared, the latter by recurrent selection. Dose-response tests showed multiple resistance to these herbicides. The required imazamox concentration to inhibit ALS by 50% was approximately 16 times greater in the R population than in the S population. Based on the EPSPS activity results, the R population was 10 fold less sensitive to glyphosate than the S counterpart. In addition, basal EPSPS activity from R plants was 3.3 fold higher than the level detected on S plants. The Proto IX assays showed high resistance to fomesafen in the R population that accumulated less Proto IX than the S population. Malathion assays showed the participation of CytP450 in fomesafen resistance, but a molecular mechanism could also be involved. To our knowledge, this is the first characterisation of multiple resistance to these three groups of herbicides in E. heterophylla in the world

Generation of technology-portable flexible analog blocks

This paper introduces a complete methodology for retargeting of analog blocks to different sets of specifications, even to different technology processes. By careful integration of the tuning process of design parameters with layout generation, fully functional designs are generated in a few minutes of CPU time.Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología TIC 2001-092

Fuga de revistas: el caso de ArtsEduca y de otras revistas españolas de Ciencias Sociales

In this preprint, the case of ArtsEduca and other Spanish Social Science journals, such as Revista de Psicología del Deporte, Cuadernos de Economía, or Human Review, is presented. These journals have been acquired by foreign publishers or companies in recent times. The anomalous behavior of these journals is exposed, as they have shifted from primarily publishing works by Spanish authors to disseminating research of questionable scientific quality from predominantly Asian and Peruvian authors. This could be linked to the potential involvement of paper mills in the management of these journals. Finally, points for debate are presented regarding the phenomenon of the acquisition of Spanish journals by foreign investors, which could end up distorting and corrupting the academic journals of our country.En este preprint se presenta el caso de ArtsEduca y de otras revistas españolas de Ciencias Sociales, como Revista de Psicología del Deporte, Cuadernos de Economía, o Human Review, que han sido adquiridas por editoriales o empresas extranjeras en los últimos tiempos. Se expone el comportamiento anómalo de estas revistas que han pasado de publicar principalmente trabajos de autores españoles a difundir investigaciones de dudosa calidad científica de autores mayoritariamente asiáticos y peruanos. Esto se podría vincular a la posible participación de paper mills o granjas de artículos en la gestión de estas revistas. Finalmente se presentan puntos para el debate sobre el fenómeno de la adquisición de revistas españolas por parte de inversores extranjeros, lo que puede acabar desnaturalizando y pervirtiendo las revistas académicas de nuestro país

Multiple herbicide resistance evolution: The case of eleusine indica in Brazil

The occurrence of multiple herbicide resistant weeds has increased considerably in glyphosate-resistant soybean fields in Brazil; however, the mechanisms governing this resistance have not been studied. In its study, the target-site and nontarget-site mechanisms were characterized in an Eleusine indica population (R-15) with multiple resistance to the acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase) inhibitors, glyphosate, imazamox, and paraquat. Absorption and translocation rates of 14C-diclofop-methyl14C-imazamox and 14C-glyphosate of the R-15 population were similar to those of a susceptible (S-15) population; however, the R-15 population translocated ∼38% less 14C-paraquat to the rest of plant and roots than the S-15 population. Furthermore, the R-15 plants metabolized (by P450 cytochrome) 55% and 88% more diclofop-methyl (conjugate) and imazamox (imazamox–OH and conjugate), respectively, than the S-15 plants. In addition, the Pro-106-Ser mutation was found in the EPSPS gene of this population. This report describes the first characterization of the resistance mechanisms in a multiple herbicide resistant weed from Brazil

Microwave-assisted functionalization of carbon nanohorns with oligothiophene units with SERS activity

[EN] Carbon nanohorns have been functionalized with oligothiophene unitsviathe 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reaction under microwave irradiation and solvent-free conditions. A dramatic Raman enhancement was found for one of the synthesized derivatives. Experimental andin silicostudies helped to understand the enhancement, attributed to the modification of electromagnetic fields upon functionalization at the tip of the nanostructures.This work was supported by the Iberdrola Foundation (CONV120313), the Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (CTQ2017-88158-R), the Junta de Comunidades de Castilla-La Mancha (SBPLY/17/180501/000204) and FEDER-JCCM (UNCM13-1E-1663). The work at the University of Malaga was funded by the MICINN (PID2019-110305GB-I00) and Junta de Andalucia (P09FQM-4708) projects. M. I. L. acknowledges MINECO for her Juan de la Cierva-formacion grant (FJCI-2016-29593). The authors acknowledge the computer resources, technical expertise, and assistance provided by the Supercomputing and Bioinformatics centre of the University of Malaga.Iglesias, D.; Guerra, J.; Lucío, MI.; González-Cano, RC.; Lopez Navarrete, JT.; Ruiz Delgado, MC.; Vázquez, E.... (2020). Microwave-assisted functionalization of carbon nanohorns with oligothiophene units with SERS activity. Chemical Communications. 56(63):8948-8951. https://doi.org/10.1039/D0CC03496G89488951566