Resiliencia y planeación municipal del agua potable 2020 (Nuevo León)

El presente documento tiene como objetivo analizar la vinculación entre los planes y programas municipales con el uso sustentable y resiliente del agua, a través de indicadores hídricos, sociales, económicos y ambientales, como lo señala la Ley de Aguas Nacionales, con el objetivo de enfrentar perturbaciones y mantener la operatividad de los sistemas municipales. El documento identifica un déficit en la recarga total de los 23 acuíferos presenten en el Estado de Nuevo León, con base en información del Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía se identificó que solo 15 municipios de 51 cuentan con un programa sustentable de manejo del agua, el cual no presenta una vinculación evidente con los componentes sociales, económicos y ambientales. Asimismo, se observa la necesidad de contar con planes y programas regionales de manejo de agua debido a la distribución de los acuíferos, los cuales pueden abarcar hasta 15 municipios, por lo que es necesario la gestión conjunta de planes

O IMPACTO DA PSICANÁLISE NOS GRADUANDOS DO CURSO DE PSICOLOGIA

The present work is the result of a quantitative research that aimed to analyze, through a questionnaire, the impact and influence of psychoanalysis in psychology undergraduates. The methodology used was a quantitative analysis of a questionnaire provided by The Google Form and which had as participants psychology students in universities located in the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro. The survey was conducted between the end of 2021 and the beginning of 2022 and had 108 people as total informants. At the end of the research, it was found that psychoanalysis influences significantly in the personal and academic life of undergraduate students in psychology. Finally, it is worth noting that the present research result can show that the university has an important role in the transmission of psychoanalysis in the university and even more so in society.El presente trabajo es el resultado de una investigación cuantitativa que tuvo como objetivo analizar, a través de un cuestionario, el impacto y la influencia del psicoanálisis en los estudiantes de psicología. La metodología utilizada fue un análisis cuantitativo de un cuestionario proporcionado por The Google Form y que tuvo como participantes estudiantes de psicología en universidades ubicadas en la región metropolitana de Río de Janeiro. La encuesta se realizó entre finales de 2021 y principios de 2022 y tuvo a 108 personas como informantes totales. Al final de la investigación, se encontró que el psicoanálisis influye significativamente en la vida personal y académica de los estudiantes de pregrado en psicología. Finalmente, vale la pena señalar que el presente resultado de la investigación puede mostrar que la universidad tiene un papel importante en la transmisión del psicoanálisis en la universidad y aún más en la sociedad.O presente trabalho é resultado de uma pesquisa quantitativa que teve como objetivo analisar, através de um questionário, o impacto e a influência da psicanálise nos graduandos de psicologia. A metodologia utilizada foi uma análise quantitativa de um questionário fornecido pelo Formulário Google e que teve como participantes alunos de psicologia em universidades situadas na região metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro. A pesquisa foi realizada no período entre o final de 2021 ao início de 2022 e teve 108 pessoas como informantes totais. Ao final da pesquisa, constou-se que a psicanálise influencia de forma significativa na vida pessoal e acadêmica dos alunos da graduação em psicologia. Por fim, vale destacar que o presente resultado da pesquisa pode demostrar que a universidade tem um papel importante na transmissão da psicanálise na universidade e mais ainda, na sociedade.O presente trabalho é resultado de uma pesquisa quantitativa que teve como objetivo analisar, através de um questionário, o impacto e a influência da psicanálise nos graduandos de psicologia. A metodologia utilizada foi uma análise quantitativa de um questionário fornecido pelo Formulário Google e que teve como participantes alunos de psicologia em universidades situadas na região metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro. A pesquisa foi realizada no período entre o final de 2021 ao início de 2022 e teve 108 pessoas como informantes totais. Ao final da pesquisa, constou-se que a psicanálise influencia de forma significativa na vida pessoal e acadêmica dos alunos da graduação em psicologia. Por fim, vale destacar que o presente resultado da pesquisa pode demostrar que a universidade tem um papel importante na transmissão da psicanálise na universidade e mais ainda, na sociedade

O IMPACTO DA PSICANÁLISE NOS GRADUANDOS DO CURSO DE PSICOLOGIA

The present work is the result of a quantitative research that aimed to analyze, through a questionnaire, the impact and influence of psychoanalysis in psychology undergraduates. The methodology used was a quantitative analysis of a questionnaire provided by The Google Form and which had as participants psychology students in universities located in the metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro. The survey was conducted between the end of 2021 and the beginning of 2022 and had 108 people as total informants. At the end of the research, it was found that psychoanalysis influences significantly in the personal and academic life of undergraduate students in psychology. Finally, it is worth noting that the present research result can show that the university has an important role in the transmission of psychoanalysis in the university and even more so in society.El presente trabajo es el resultado de una investigación cuantitativa que tuvo como objetivo analizar, a través de un cuestionario, el impacto y la influencia del psicoanálisis en los estudiantes de psicología. La metodología utilizada fue un análisis cuantitativo de un cuestionario proporcionado por The Google Form y que tuvo como participantes estudiantes de psicología en universidades ubicadas en la región metropolitana de Río de Janeiro. La encuesta se realizó entre finales de 2021 y principios de 2022 y tuvo a 108 personas como informantes totales. Al final de la investigación, se encontró que el psicoanálisis influye significativamente en la vida personal y académica de los estudiantes de pregrado en psicología. Finalmente, vale la pena señalar que el presente resultado de la investigación puede mostrar que la universidad tiene un papel importante en la transmisión del psicoanálisis en la universidad y aún más en la sociedad.O presente trabalho é resultado de uma pesquisa quantitativa que teve como objetivo analisar, através de um questionário, o impacto e a influência da psicanálise nos graduandos de psicologia. A metodologia utilizada foi uma análise quantitativa de um questionário fornecido pelo Formulário Google e que teve como participantes alunos de psicologia em universidades situadas na região metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro. A pesquisa foi realizada no período entre o final de 2021 ao início de 2022 e teve 108 pessoas como informantes totais. Ao final da pesquisa, constou-se que a psicanálise influencia de forma significativa na vida pessoal e acadêmica dos alunos da graduação em psicologia. Por fim, vale destacar que o presente resultado da pesquisa pode demostrar que a universidade tem um papel importante na transmissão da psicanálise na universidade e mais ainda, na sociedade.O presente trabalho é resultado de uma pesquisa quantitativa que teve como objetivo analisar, através de um questionário, o impacto e a influência da psicanálise nos graduandos de psicologia. A metodologia utilizada foi uma análise quantitativa de um questionário fornecido pelo Formulário Google e que teve como participantes alunos de psicologia em universidades situadas na região metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro. A pesquisa foi realizada no período entre o final de 2021 ao início de 2022 e teve 108 pessoas como informantes totais. Ao final da pesquisa, constou-se que a psicanálise influencia de forma significativa na vida pessoal e acadêmica dos alunos da graduação em psicologia. Por fim, vale destacar que o presente resultado da pesquisa pode demostrar que a universidade tem um papel importante na transmissão da psicanálise na universidade e mais ainda, na sociedade

A transmissão da psicanálise no curso de psicologia - uma revisão bibliográfica / The transmission of psychoanalysis in the psychology course - a bibliographic review

O presente artigo trata de uma revisão bibliográfica sistemática com o objetivo central de analisar a transmissão da psicanálise na universidade e a formação do analista. A metodologia adotada foi a revisão de artigos publicados nas plataformas: Google Acadêmico, Bireme/BVS, Pubmed e Scielo. Foram pesquisados 121 artigos, sendo 117 excluídos por não se adequarem ao tema proposto pela pesquisa e 4 incluídos por serem relevantes e estarem de acordo com os critérios. A pesquisa foi realizada no período de Agosto e Setembro de 2021. Verificamos que os quatro artigos incluídos se baseiam nas propostas de formação do psicanalista a partir de Freud e Lacan e discutem defendendo pontos em comum, como o entendimento em relação à formação do analista ocorrer independentemente da universidade. No entanto, pudemos constatar que a experiência de supervisão em clínica escola na universidade, pode ser uma porta de entrada para que os alunos da graduação em psicologia experimentem os conceitos teóricos na prática clínica e a partir dessa experiência, ocorra a transmissão da psicanálise tendo início uma formação psicanalítica

Current thermal state of permafrost and potential impact on the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) in the Southern Peruvian Andes

Tropical, high-mountain permafrost has a unique thermal regime due to its exposure to strong solar radiation and to the rougher surface snow morphology (due to an increased occurrence of penitentes -- that is, snow spikes and ridges ranging from centimeters to meters in height) which reduce convective sensible heat transfer from the surface. Latent heat transfer and higher albedo occurring during the wet season contributes to positive feedback that supports the presence of permafrost. This preliminary study reports on the thermal state of Peruvian permafrost. It evaluates the potential combined impact of the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO), along with the eleven-year solar cycles of Coropuna (15°32′S; 72°39′W; 6,377 m a.s.l.), and the Chachani volcanic complexes (16°11′S; 71°31′W; 6,057m a.s.l.); both mountains are located in the western Central Andes (e.g., west edge of the Altiplano). Temperature monitoring boreholes were established at 5217m on Coropuna and 5331m at Chachani, and electric resistivity was surveyed to better understand permafrost spatial distribution in these locations. This seven-year record of permafrost temperature data encompasses historically extreme El Niño and La Niña events. Our results show that the current lower-altitude permafrost boundary (ca. 5100m) is critically influenced by the balance of wet and dry seasons: permafrost tends to deplete during drought years. Typical permafrost thickness was 10-20 m and contained ice-rich pore spaces. The presence of permafrost and its thermal resistance depends on ice content and on higher albedo, usually due to pyroclastic materials (especially pumice) which are ideal materials for supporting permafrost resilience

Latin America and the Caribbean code against cancer: Developing evidence-based recommendations to reduce the risk of cancer in Latin America and the Caribbean

Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) has a population of more than 650 million inhabitants (8.5% of the world population),1 with a cancer incidence of more than 1.4 million new patients and more than 670,000 deaths in 2018. These figures will increase by 78% by 2040 to more than 2.5 million people diagnosed with cancer each year, and these patients will require medical attention, care, and support. However, many of these new cancer diagnoses can be prevented through public policies, supportive environments, and lifestyles that promote health and prevent cancer (Fig 1).2 In the LAC region, there are many organizations and institutions providing information on cancer prevention, including national cancer institutes, cancer societies and foundations, and public health agencies. Nevertheless, the information is frequently confusing, overwhelming, or even contradictory. The scientific source and credibility, as well as the primary message, differ according to the type of organization that provides the information (eg, patient organization, scientific or governmental institution).For the LAC region, a coalition of institutions and international organizations has joined forces to adapt the European Code to the cancer risks and situation in the LAC region. This involves collecting, analyzing, and evaluating the scientific evidence to support suitable cancer prevention recommendations to the LAC context. A multistakeholder participation in the project is a key approach to ensure that all players will be owners of the Code and true promoters. The coalition is composed of the Pan-American Health Organization (PAHO; also part of the WHO) and the IARC as leading international organizations; a Scientific Committee of senior researchers and distinguished leaders in cancer prevention from LAC; and an Advocacy Group representing important organizations in LAC, including the Latin American and Caribbean Society of Medical Oncology, the Network of Latin-American Cancer Institutes, the Healthy Caribbean Coalition, and the Association of Latin American Leagues Against Cancer.Fil: Cazap, Eduardo. Sociedad Latinoamericana y del Caribe de Oncología Médica; ArgentinaFil: de Almeida, Liz Maria. Instituto Nacional de Câncer Brasil Jose Alencar Gomes da Silva; BrasilFil: Arrossi, Silvina. Centro de Estudios de Estado y Sociedad; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: García, Patricia J.. Universidad Cayetano Heredia; PerúFil: Garmendia, María Luisa. Universidad de Chile; ChileFil: Gil, Enrique. South America Pan-American Health Organization; PerúFil: Hassel, Trevor. Healthy Caribbean Coalition; BarbadosFil: Mayorga, Rubén. South America Pan-American Health Organization; PerúFil: Mohar, Alejandro. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México; MéxicoFil: Murillo, Raúl. Centro Javeriano de Oncología; ColombiaFil: Owen, Gabriel O.. Healthy Caribbean Coalition; BarbadosFil: Paonessa, Diego. Liga Argentina de Lucha contra el Cancer; ArgentinaFil: Santamaría, Julio. Centro Hemato Oncológico Panamá; PanamáFil: Tortolero Luna, Guillermo. Universidad de Puerto Rico; Puerto RicoFil: Zoss, Walter. Red de Institutos e Instituciones Nacionales de Cancer; BrasilFil: Herrero, Rolando. Agencia Internacional para la Investigación del Cáncer; FranciaFil: Luciani, Silvana. Pan-American Health Organization; Estados UnidosFil: Schüz, Joachim. Agencia Internacional para la Investigación del Cáncer; FranciaFil: Espina, Carolina. Agencia Internacional para la Investigación del Cáncer; Franci

Clinical Characteristics and Outcomes of Patients with Heart Failure of Hypertensive Etiology: Analysis of Colombian Heart Failure Registry (RECOLFACA)

Introduction: Arterial hypertension represents one of the main comorbidities observed in patients with heart failure (HF) and one of the main risk factors for its development. Despite this, studies assessing this hypertensive etiology are scarce in Latin America. Our objective was to analyze the prevalence of HF of hypertensive etiology and evaluate its prognosis in patients enrolled in the Colombian Heart Failure Registry (RECOLFACA by its Spanish acronym). Methods: RECOLFACA recruited adult patients diagnosed with HF in 60 centers in Colombia between 2017 and 2019. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality. A Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to assess factors associated with primary outcomes in patients with hypertensive HF. A p value <0.05 was considered significant. All statistical tests were two-tailed. Results: Out of the total number of patients evaluated in RECOLFACA (n = 2,514), 804 had a diagnosis of HF with hypertensive etiology (31.9%). These patients were less frequently males and had a significantly older age and lower prevalence of comorbidities than those with HF of other etiologies. Additionally, patients with hypertensive HF had a higher prevalence of HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) (34.1% vs. 28.3%; p = 0.004). Finally, type 2 diabetes mellitus, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease diagnosis, and NYHA class IV were classified as independent mortality risk factors. Conclusions: Hypertensive HF represents about one-third of the total number of patients with HF in RECOLFACA. Compared with HF of other etiologies, it presents a differential clinical profile – older age and a higher prevalence of HFpEF. RECOLFACA has become a useful tool to characterize patients with HF in Colombia, with which it has been possible to carry out a more specific search and reach the diagnosis of this pathology in our population, and it has served as an example to stimulate registries of patients with HF in other countries in the region

Canagliflozin and renal outcomes in type 2 diabetes and nephropathy

BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus is the leading cause of kidney failure worldwide, but few effective long-term treatments are available. In cardiovascular trials of inhibitors of sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2), exploratory results have suggested that such drugs may improve renal outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS In this double-blind, randomized trial, we assigned patients with type 2 diabetes and albuminuric chronic kidney disease to receive canagliflozin, an oral SGLT2 inhibitor, at a dose of 100 mg daily or placebo. All the patients had an estimated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of 30 to <90 ml per minute per 1.73 m2 of body-surface area and albuminuria (ratio of albumin [mg] to creatinine [g], >300 to 5000) and were treated with renin–angiotensin system blockade. The primary outcome was a composite of end-stage kidney disease (dialysis, transplantation, or a sustained estimated GFR of <15 ml per minute per 1.73 m2), a doubling of the serum creatinine level, or death from renal or cardiovascular causes. Prespecified secondary outcomes were tested hierarchically. RESULTS The trial was stopped early after a planned interim analysis on the recommendation of the data and safety monitoring committee. At that time, 4401 patients had undergone randomization, with a median follow-up of 2.62 years. The relative risk of the primary outcome was 30% lower in the canagliflozin group than in the placebo group, with event rates of 43.2 and 61.2 per 1000 patient-years, respectively (hazard ratio, 0.70; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.59 to 0.82; P=0.00001). The relative risk of the renal-specific composite of end-stage kidney disease, a doubling of the creatinine level, or death from renal causes was lower by 34% (hazard ratio, 0.66; 95% CI, 0.53 to 0.81; P<0.001), and the relative risk of end-stage kidney disease was lower by 32% (hazard ratio, 0.68; 95% CI, 0.54 to 0.86; P=0.002). The canagliflozin group also had a lower risk of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke (hazard ratio, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.67 to 0.95; P=0.01) and hospitalization for heart failure (hazard ratio, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.47 to 0.80; P<0.001). There were no significant differences in rates of amputation or fracture. CONCLUSIONS In patients with type 2 diabetes and kidney disease, the risk of kidney failure and cardiovascular events was lower in the canagliflozin group than in the placebo group at a median follow-up of 2.62 years

Albiglutide and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease (Harmony Outcomes): a double-blind, randomised placebo-controlled trial

Background: Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists differ in chemical structure, duration of action, and in their effects on clinical outcomes. The cardiovascular effects of once-weekly albiglutide in type 2 diabetes are unknown. We aimed to determine the safety and efficacy of albiglutide in preventing cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke. Methods: We did a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled trial in 610 sites across 28 countries. We randomly assigned patients aged 40 years and older with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease (at a 1:1 ratio) to groups that either received a subcutaneous injection of albiglutide (30–50 mg, based on glycaemic response and tolerability) or of a matched volume of placebo once a week, in addition to their standard care. Investigators used an interactive voice or web response system to obtain treatment assignment, and patients and all study investigators were masked to their treatment allocation. We hypothesised that albiglutide would be non-inferior to placebo for the primary outcome of the first occurrence of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, or stroke, which was assessed in the intention-to-treat population. If non-inferiority was confirmed by an upper limit of the 95% CI for a hazard ratio of less than 1·30, closed testing for superiority was prespecified. This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02465515. Findings: Patients were screened between July 1, 2015, and Nov 24, 2016. 10 793 patients were screened and 9463 participants were enrolled and randomly assigned to groups: 4731 patients were assigned to receive albiglutide and 4732 patients to receive placebo. On Nov 8, 2017, it was determined that 611 primary endpoints and a median follow-up of at least 1·5 years had accrued, and participants returned for a final visit and discontinuation from study treatment; the last patient visit was on March 12, 2018. These 9463 patients, the intention-to-treat population, were evaluated for a median duration of 1·6 years and were assessed for the primary outcome. The primary composite outcome occurred in 338 (7%) of 4731 patients at an incidence rate of 4·6 events per 100 person-years in the albiglutide group and in 428 (9%) of 4732 patients at an incidence rate of 5·9 events per 100 person-years in the placebo group (hazard ratio 0·78, 95% CI 0·68–0·90), which indicated that albiglutide was superior to placebo (p<0·0001 for non-inferiority; p=0·0006 for superiority). The incidence of acute pancreatitis (ten patients in the albiglutide group and seven patients in the placebo group), pancreatic cancer (six patients in the albiglutide group and five patients in the placebo group), medullary thyroid carcinoma (zero patients in both groups), and other serious adverse events did not differ between the two groups. There were three (<1%) deaths in the placebo group that were assessed by investigators, who were masked to study drug assignment, to be treatment-related and two (<1%) deaths in the albiglutide group. Interpretation: In patients with type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease, albiglutide was superior to placebo with respect to major adverse cardiovascular events. Evidence-based glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists should therefore be considered as part of a comprehensive strategy to reduce the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes. Funding: GlaxoSmithKline

The PREDICTS database: a global database of how local terrestrial biodiversity responds to human impacts

Biodiversity continues to decline in the face of increasing anthropogenic pressures such as habitat destruction, exploitation, pollution and introduction of alien species. Existing global databases of species’ threat status or population time series are dominated by charismatic species. The collation of datasets with broad taxonomic and biogeographic extents, and that support computation of a range of biodiversity indicators, is necessary to enable better understanding of historical declines and to project – and avert – future declines. We describe and assess a new database of more than 1.6 million samples from 78 countries representing over 28,000 species, collated from existing spatial comparisons of local-scale biodiversity exposed to different intensities and types of anthropogenic pressures, from terrestrial sites around the world. The database contains measurements taken in 208 (of 814) ecoregions, 13 (of 14) biomes, 25 (of 35) biodiversity hotspots and 16 (of 17) megadiverse countries. The database contains more than 1% of the total number of all species described, and more than 1% of the described species within many taxonomic groups – including flowering plants, gymnosperms, birds, mammals, reptiles, amphibians, beetles, lepidopterans and hymenopterans. The dataset, which is still being added to, is therefore already considerably larger and more representative than those used by previous quantitative models of biodiversity trends and responses. The database is being assembled as part of the PREDICTS project (Projecting Responses of Ecological Diversity In Changing Terrestrial Systems – www.predicts.org.uk). We make site-level summary data available alongside this article. The full database will be publicly available in 2015