Chromosome evolution in Neotropical butterflies

Peer reviewe

Chromosomal evolution in the South American Riodinidae (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea)

Peer reviewe

Horizontally acquired glycosyltransferase operons drive salmonellae lipopolysaccharide diversity.

The immunodominant lipopolysaccharide is a key antigenic factor for Gram-negative pathogens such as salmonellae where it plays key roles in host adaptation, virulence, immune evasion, and persistence. Variation in the lipopolysaccharide is also the major differentiating factor that is used to classify Salmonella into over 2600 serovars as part of the Kaufmann-White scheme. While lipopolysaccharide diversity is generally associated with sequence variation in the lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis operon, extraneous genetic factors such as those encoded by the glucosyltransferase (gtr) operons provide further structural heterogeneity by adding additional sugars onto the O-antigen component of the lipopolysaccharide. Here we identify and examine the O-antigen modifying glucosyltransferase genes from the genomes of Salmonella enterica and Salmonella bongori serovars. We show that Salmonella generally carries between 1 and 4 gtr operons that we have classified into 10 families on the basis of gtrC sequence with apparent O-antigen modification detected for five of these families. The gtr operons localize to bacteriophage-associated genomic regions and exhibit a dynamic evolutionary history driven by recombination and gene shuffling events leading to new gene combinations. Furthermore, evidence of Dam- and OxyR-dependent phase variation of gtr gene expression was identified within eight gtr families. Thus, as O-antigen modification generates significant intra- and inter-strain phenotypic diversity, gtr-mediated modification is fundamental in assessing Salmonella strain variability. This will inform appropriate vaccine and diagnostic approaches, in addition to contributing to our understanding of host-pathogen interactions

The Butterfly Fauna Of The Italian Maritime Alps:Results Of The «Edit» Project

Bonelli, Simona, Barbero, Francesca, Casacci, Luca Pietro, Cerrato, Cristiana, Balletto, Emilio (2015): The butterfly fauna of the Italian Maritime Alps: results of the EDIT project. Zoosystema 37 (1): 139-167, DOI: 10.5252/z2015n1a6, URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.5252/z2015n1a

Liste des lépidoptères rhopalocères récoltés en 1955 au Liban par Hubert de Lesse

Lesse Hubert de. Liste des lépidoptères rhopalocères récoltés en 1955 au Liban par Hubert de Lesse. In: Bulletin mensuel de la Société linnéenne de Lyon, 26ᵉ année, n°9, novembre 1957. pp. 238-241

Formules chromosomiques de Lépidoptères Rhopalocères d'Afrique centrale (supplément et rectificatif)

Lesse Hubert de. Formules chromosomiques de Lépidoptères Rhopalocères d'Afrique centrale (supplément et rectificatif). In: Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France, volume 72 (9-10), Novembre-décembre 1967. pp. 287-288