Intercepção horizontal do nevoeiro pela vegetação

A ocorrência de nevoeiro e o consequênte grau de intercepção pela vegetação existente depende da região. O fenómeno da intercepção do nevoeiro assume particular importância nas zonas áridas e semi-áridas onde a sua contribuição para a precipitação pode ser significativa. Uma revisão bibliográfica dos estudos realizados para a quantificação da intercepção horizontal do nevoeiro e a distribuição da ocorrência do nevoeiro em Portugal serão analisados sucintamente. The occurrence of fog and the consequent degree of interception by the existing vegetation (fog drip) depends on the region. The fog drip phenomena is particularly relevant in arid and semi-arid zones where contribution to the precipitation can be significant. Fog occurrence in Portugal is brief1y analysed, in the context of a literature review on fog drip by vegetation. L'occurence de brume et le conséquente degrê d'interception avec la vegetation dépend de la région. Le phénomene de l'interception de la brume assume une i.mportance particuliere dans les zones arides et sem i-acides ou sa contribution aux precipitations peut étre significative. Une révision bibliographique des êtudes réalisées pour la quantification horizontale de la brume et la distribution de son occurence au Portugal seront analysées Succlnctement

Flo[RA]: Uma aplicação móvel para comunicar ciência através do lúdico e da realidade aumentada

Numa altura em que a oferta de conteúdo é maior que o tempo que temos para o consumir, é necessário encontrar soluções e estratégias que captem a atenção e motivem os utilizadores. Estas estratégias são particularmente importantes para os espaços museológicos que necessitam cada vez mais de se inovar e criar mais interação e interesse nos seus espaços. Esta dissertação foca-se no entendimento de como podemos contribuir para a comunicação da ciência através de uma aplicação com elementos lúdicos e realidade aumentada, mas também boas práticas de usabilidade deste tipo de aplicações. Para isto, foi desenvolvida uma aplicação móvel que permite aos visitantes ter uma atividade lúdica e com realidade aumentada numa exposição de botânica da Galeria da Biodiversidade e posteriormente outra no Jardim Botânico do Porto. No final, podem posicionar em realidade aumentada imagens de folhas de árvore que colecionam anteriormente, podendo criar composições visuais que poderão ser guardadas ou partilhadas, promovendo o diálogo e o sentido de pertença do objeto científico. São apresentados dados sobre o desenvolvimento da mesma, as tecnologias utilizadas, procedimentos de implementação e algumas boas práticas de usabilidade. Foram realizados testes com especialistas de usabilidade e do jardim botânico, e recolhidas as opiniões dos utilizadores que ajudaram a redesenhar a aplicação e a entender a contribuição deste tipo de aplicações na comunicação de ciência, mas também com sugestões que podem contribuir para trabalho futuro. Os resultados foram promissores, mostrando grande necessidade de aplicações deste género para a comunicação de ciência nestes espaços museológicos.At a time when the supply of content is greater than the time we have to consume it, it is necessary to find solutions and strategies that capture the attention and motivate users. These strategies are particularly important for museum spaces that increasingly need to innovate and create more interaction and interest in their spaces. This dissertation focuses on understanding how we can contribute to the communication of science through an application with ludic elements and augmented reality, but also good usability practices for this type of applications. For this, a mobile application was developed that allows visitors to have a ludic activity and with augmented reality in a botanical exhibition of the Biodiversity Gallery and later another in the Botanical Garden of Porto. At the end, they can place in augmented reality images of tree leaves that they previously collected, being able to create visual compositions that can be saved or shared, promoting dialogue and a sense of belonging to the scientific object. Data on its development, the technologies used, implementation procedures and some usability best practices are presented. Tests were conducted with usability and the botanical garden specialists, and user opinions were collected that helped redesign the application and understand the contribution of this type of application in science communication, but also with suggestions that can contribute to future work. The results were promising, showing a great need for applications of this kind for science communication in these museum spaces

Eficácia do treino dos músculos do core na população adulta com dor lombar: uma revisão bibliográfica

Objetivo: analisar a eficácia do treino dos músculos do core na população adulta com dor lombar. Metodologia: a pesquisa foi efetuada nas bases Pubmed e PEDro, com o intuito de identificar estudos randomizados controlados que averiguassem a eficácia do treino dos músculos do core na população adulta com dor lombar. A qualidade metodológica foi analisada com a escala de PEDro. Resultados: foram incluídos 5 estudos nesta revisão bibliográfica, apresentando uma qualidade metodológica de 6 na escala de PEDro. Foram incluídos 284 indivíduos de ambos os sexos, de idade entre os 18 e os 70 anos. Os protocolos de exercícios realizados apresentam alguma variabilidade entre si, quer a nível de seleção de exercícios, como de duração e frequência. Conclusão: concluímos que o treino de core é uma abordagem terapêutica válida, e que demonstrou resultados positivos relativamente ao alívio da dor, melhoria da capacidade funcional, mobilidade, e melhoria da espessura e contração muscular da musculatura do core.Objective: to analyze the efficacy of core muscle training in the adult population with low back pain. Methodology: the research was carried out in the Pubmed and PEDro databases, with the intent to identify randomized controlled studies that evaluated the efficacy of core muscle training in the adult population with low back pain. The methodological quality was analyzed with the PEDro scale. Results: 5 articles were included in this review, with a methodological quality of 6 on the PEDro scale. 284 individuals were included, of both sexes, with an age between 18 and 70 years. The exercise protocols that were realized have some variability between them, both on exercise selection, as well as duration and frequency. Conclusion: we concluded that core training is a valid therapeutic modality, and that it showed positive results in regards to pain relief, improvements in functionality, mobility, and better thickness and muscle contraction of the core muscles.Projeto de Graduação apresentado à Universidade Fernando Pessoa como parte dos requisitos para obtenção do grau de Licenciado em FisioterapiaN/

Effects of an extremely dry winter on net ecosystem carbon exchange and tree phenology at cork oak woodland

In seasonally dry climates, such as the Mediterranean, lack of rainfall in the usually wet winter may originate severe droughts which are a main cause of inter-annual variation in carbon sequestration. Leaf phenology variability may alter the seasonal pattern of photosynthetic uptake, which in turn is determined by leaf gas exchange limitations. The current study is based on the monitoring of an extremely dry winter in an evergreen cork oak woodland under the Mediterranean climate of central Portugal. Results are focused on net ecosystem CO2 exchange (NEE), phenology and tree growth measurements during two contrasting years: 2011, a wet year with a typical summer drought pattern and 2012, with an extremely unusual dry winter (only 10mmof total rainfall) that exacerbated the following summer drought effects. Main aims of this study were to assess the effects of an extreme dry winter in (1) annual and seasonal net ecosystem CO2 exchange, and in (2) cork oak phenology. The dry year 2012 was marked by a 45% lower carbon sequestration (−214 vs. −388gCm−2 year−1) and a 63% lower annual tree diameter growth but only a 9% lower leaf area index compared to the wet year 2011. A significant reduction of 15% in yearly carbon sequestration was associated with leaf phenological events of canopy renewal in the early spring. In contrast to male flower production, fruit setting was severely depressed by water stress with a 54% decrease during the dry year. Our results suggest that leaf growth and leaf area maintenance are resilient ecophysiological processes under winter drought and are a priority carbon sink for photoassimilates in contrast to tree diameter growth. Thus, carbon sequestration reductions under low water availabilities in cork oak woodland should be ascribed to stomatal regulation or photosynthetic limitations and to a lesser extent to leaf area reductionsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

An analysis of tacrolimus-related complications in the first 30 days after liver transplantation

OBJECTIVES: Orthotopic liver transplantation has improved survival in patients with end-stage liver disease; however, therapeutic strategies that achieve ideal immunosuppression and avoid early complications are lacking. To correlate the dose and level of Tacrolimus with early complications, e.g., rejection, infection and renal impairment, after liver transplantation. From November 2011 to May 2013, 44 adult liver transplant recipients were studied in this retrospective comparative study. RESULTS: The most frequent indication for liver transplantation was hepatitis C cirrhosis (47.7%), with a higher prevalence observed in male patients (68.18%). The ages of the subjects ranged from 19-71 and the median age was 55.5 years. The mean length of the hospital stay was 16.1±9.32 days and the mean Model for End-stage Liver Disease score was 26.18±4.28. There were five cases of acute cellular rejection (11.37%) and 16 cases of infection (36.37%). The blood samples that were collected and analyzed over time showed a significant correlation between the Tacrolimus blood level and the deterioration of glomerular filtration rate and serum creatinine (

Drought-induced photosynthetic inhibition and autumn recovery in two Mediterranean oak species (Quercus ilex and Quercus suber)

Responses of leaf water relations and photosynthesis to summer drought and autumn rewetting were studied in two evergreen Mediterranean oak species, Quercus ilex spp. rotundifolia and Quercus suber. The predawn leaf water potential (ΨlPD), stomatal conductance (gs) and photosynthetic rate (A) at ambient conditions were measured seasonally over a 3-year period. We also measured the photosynthetic response to light and to intercellular CO2 (A/PPFD and A/ Ci response curves) under water stress (summer) and after recovery due to autumn rainfall. Photosynthetic parameters, Vcmax, Jmax and triose phosphate utilization (TPU) rate, were estimated using the Farquhar model. RuBisCo activity, leaf chlorophyll, leaf nitrogen concentration and leaf carbohydrate concentration were also measured. All measurements were performed in the spring leaves of the current year. In both species, the predawn leaf water potential, stomatal conductance and photosynthetic rate peaked in spring, progressively declined throughout the summer and recovered upon autumn rainfall. During the drought period, Q. ilex maintained a higher predawn leaf water potential and stomatal conductance than Q. suber. During this period, we found that photosynthesis was not only limited by stomatal closure, but was also downregulated as a consequence of a decrease in the maximum carboxylation rate (Vcmax) and the light-saturated rate of photosynthetic electron transport (Jmax) in both species. The Vcmax and Jmax increased after the first autumnal rains and this increase was related to RuBisCo activity, leaf nitrogen concentration and chlorophyll concentration. In addition, an increase in the TPU rate and in soluble leaf sugar concentration was observed in this period. The results obtained indicate a high resilience of the photosynthetic apparatus to summer drought as well as good recovery in the following autumn rains of these evergreen oak species