Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome associated with COVID-19: An Emulated Target Trial Analysis.

RATIONALE: Whether COVID patients may benefit from extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) compared with conventional invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) remains unknown. OBJECTIVES: To estimate the effect of ECMO on 90-Day mortality vs IMV only Methods: Among 4,244 critically ill adult patients with COVID-19 included in a multicenter cohort study, we emulated a target trial comparing the treatment strategies of initiating ECMO vs. no ECMO within 7 days of IMV in patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (PaO2/FiO2 <80 or PaCO2 ≥60 mmHg). We controlled for confounding using a multivariable Cox model based on predefined variables. MAIN RESULTS: 1,235 patients met the full eligibility criteria for the emulated trial, among whom 164 patients initiated ECMO. The ECMO strategy had a higher survival probability at Day-7 from the onset of eligibility criteria (87% vs 83%, risk difference: 4%, 95% CI 0;9%) which decreased during follow-up (survival at Day-90: 63% vs 65%, risk difference: -2%, 95% CI -10;5%). However, ECMO was associated with higher survival when performed in high-volume ECMO centers or in regions where a specific ECMO network organization was set up to handle high demand, and when initiated within the first 4 days of MV and in profoundly hypoxemic patients. CONCLUSIONS: In an emulated trial based on a nationwide COVID-19 cohort, we found differential survival over time of an ECMO compared with a no-ECMO strategy. However, ECMO was consistently associated with better outcomes when performed in high-volume centers and in regions with ECMO capacities specifically organized to handle high demand. This article is open access and distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives License 4.0 (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Correction to: Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Causes et facteurs influençant la rapidité de pertes du greffon après un an de greffe rénale (étude rétrospective au CHU de Montpellier entre 2008 et 2010)

Introduction : La survie des greffons à long terme ne s'est pas significativement améliorée ces dernières années, malgré la diminution de l'incidence dIt rejet aigu. Cette étude identifie les causeset les facteurs influençant la rapidité des pertes de greffon après 12 mois de greffe au CHU de Montpellier. Materiels et méthodes : 137 patients ayant perdu tardivement leur greffon, entre 2008 et 2012 ont été inclus rétrospectivement. Les causes de pertes sont obtenues par confrontations clinico-biologiques et anatomopathologiques. Pour rechercher les paramètres prédictifs de la rapidité de perte du greffon, la population est divisée en deux groupes selon la médiane de survie. Un sous-groupe de 28 patients ayant au moins deux biopsies permet l'analyse des critères anatomopathologiques de mauvais pronostic sur la survie du greffon. Résultats : 33,5% des patients perdent leur greffon de causes immunologiques, 15% de FIAT, 14% de cause indéterminée, 11% d'évènements médicaux, 8% de récidive, 7,5% de glomérulopathie d'allogreffe, 4% de toxicité des inhibiteurs de la calcineurine. Les facteuts prédictifs de rapidité de perte du greffon sont la courte durée de la corticothérapie (OR 1,06 [1 ,02; 1,09] p=0.001), le rejet aigu humoral (23 ,8 versus 0 p<0.001), la fibrose interstitielle (p=0,004), la glomérulopathie d'allogreffe (p<0.05), le rejet chronique humoral (p<0.001). L'apparition précoce d'anticorps spécifiques du donneur entraîne une pette plus rapide. Conclusion : Les causes de pertes tardives du greffon sont principalement immunologiques. La durée de la corticothérapie, la fibrose interstitielle, la glomérulopathie d'allogreffe, le rejet humoral influent sur la rapidité de la perteMONTPELLIER-BU Médecine UPM (341722108) / SudocMONTPELLIER-BU Médecine (341722104) / SudocSudocFranceF

CT-pro-AVP as a tool for assessment of intravascular volume depletion in severe hyponatremia

International audienceBackground: Assessment of volume status is essential to best manage hyponatremic patients but is not always accurate in clinical practice. The aim of this study was to evaluate the reliability of C-terminal portion of pro-arginine-vasopressin (CT-pro-AVP), a surrogate biomarker of vasopressin release, in assessing intravascular volume (IVV) depletion in hypoosmolar hyponatremic patients.Methods: Plasma CT-pro-AVP and urea-to-creatinine ratio (Ur/Cr) were performed in 131 hospitalized patients presenting chronic severe hypoosmolar hyponatremia. At hospital discharge, their IVV was evaluated regardless of CT-pro-AVP concentrations. All patients were then classified as decreased or as normal/expanded IVV group.Results: Plasma CT-pro-AVP levels were higher in patients with decreased IVV (34.6 vs. 11.3 pmol/L, p < 0.001) and exhibited a reliable performance for assessment of decreased IVV (ROC AUC at 0.717 [95% CI 0.629–0.805]). The combination of CT-pro-AVP and Ur/Cr resulted in an improved ROC AUC up to 0.787 (95% CI 0.709–0.866).Conclusions: Our findings support the hypothesis that CT-pro-AVP plasma level may reflect IVV and would be a tool for its assessment. This performance has been magnified by its combination with Ur/Cr. A dual-marker strategy may help clinicians to optimize the management of severe hyponatremia especially in case of confusing clinical presentations

Comparison of Barricor™ vs. lithium heparin tubes for selected routine biochemical analytes and evaluation of post centrifugation stability

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Electrolytes-Enriched Hemodiafiltration Solutions for Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy in Acute Kidney Injury: A Crossover Study

International audienceAIMS:To evaluate the capability of an electrolytes-enriched solution to prevent metabolic disorders during continuous veno-venous hemodiafiltration (CVVHDF).METHODS:Serum biochemistry and clinical tolerance were compared during CVVHDF treatments with an electrolyte-enriched (Phoxilium) or standard solutions in 10 acute renal failure patients.RESULTS:As compared to standard fluids, serum potassium and phosphate levels were maintained in the normal range with Phoxilium without any supplementation but total serum calcium levels were significantly lower. Bicarbonatemia was slightly higher (24-26 vs. 21.5-24.5 mmol/l, p 7.44). Despite the absence of glucose in the Phoxilium solution, blood glucose levels and glucose supplementation were similar between treatments. Clinical tolerance and efficiency of CVVHDF sessions were comparable.CONCLUSION:Phoxilium effectively prevented hypophosphatemia and hypokalemia during CVVHDF. It was, however, associated with a slight metabolic acidosis and hypocalcemia compared with conventional solutions

Factors associated with meropenem pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic target attainment in septic critically ill patients treated with extended intermittent infusion or continuous infusion

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Daily urinary creatinine predicts the weaning of renal replacement therapy in ICU acute kidney injury patients

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