The Younger Dryas: From whence the fresh water?

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/94919/1/palo1255.pd

Small Teaching Online : Applying Learning Science in Online Classes

Comprend des références bibliographiquesFind out how to apply learning science in online classes The concept of small teaching is simple: small and strategic changes have enormous power to improve student learning. Instructors face unique and specific challenges when teaching an online course. This book offers small teaching strategies that will positively impact the online classroom. This book outlines practical and feasible applications of theoretical principles to help your online students learn. It includes current best practices around educational technologies, strategies to build community and collaboration, and minor changes you can make in your online teaching practice, small but impactful adjustments that result in significant learning gains. * Explains how you can support your online students * Helps your students find success in this non-traditional learning environment * Covers online and blended learning * Addresses specific challenges that online instructors face in higher education Small Teaching Online presents research-based teaching techniques from an online instructional design expert and the bestselling author of Small Teaching. Introduction: Small Teaching Online ; Part I Designing for Learning ; Part II Teaching Humans ; Part III Motivating Online Students (and Instructors) ; Conclusion: Finding Inspiration ; Reference

Deep water paleo-iceberg scouring on top of Hovgaard Ridge–Arctic Ocean

In multibeam echosounder and sub-bottom profiler data acquired during RV Polarstern cruise ARK-VII/3a from the Hovgaard Ridge (Fram Strait), we found evidence for very deep (>1200 m) iceberg scouring. Five elongated seafloor features have been detected that are interpreted to be iceberg scours. The scours are oriented in north-south/south-north direction and are about 15 m deep, 300 m wide, and 4 km long crossing the entire width of the ridge. They are attributed to multiple giant palaeo-icebergs that most probably left the Arctic Ocean southward through Fram Strait. The huge keel-depths are indicative of ice sheets extending into the Arctic Ocean being at least 1200 m thick at the calving front during glacial maxima. The deep St Anna Trough or grounded ice observed at the East Siberian Continental Margin are likely source regions of these icebergs that delivered freshwater to the Nordic Seas