637 research outputs found
Frequency stability of a self-phase-locked degenerate continuous-wave optical parametric oscillator
The properties of a self-phase-locked by-2-divider optical parametric oscillator are presented. A locking range of up to 156 MHz is measured, and the divider's relative frequency stability is shown to be better than 6/spl times/10/sup -14/
Comments on the U(2) Noncommutative Instanton
We discuss the 't Hoof ansatz for instanton solutions in noncommutative U(2)
Yang-Mills theory. We show that the extension of the ansatz leading to singular
solutions in the commutative case, yields to non self-dual (or self-antidual)
configurations in noncommutative space-time. A proposal leading to selfdual
solutions with Q=1 topological charge (the equivalent of the regular BPST
ansatz) can be engineered, but in that case the gauge field and the curvature
are not Hermitian (although the resulting Lagrangian is real).Comment: Latex file, no figure
The Box Graph In Superstring Theory
In theories of closed oriented superstrings, the one loop amplitude is given
by a single diagram, with the topology of a torus. Its interpretation had
remained obscure, because it was formally real, converged only for purely
imaginary values of the Mandelstam variables, and had to account for the
singularities of both the box graph and the one particle reducible graphs in
field theories. We present in detail an analytic continuation method which
resolves all these difficulties. It is based on a reduction to certain minimal
amplitudes which can themselves be expressed in terms of double and single
dispersion relations, with explicit spectral densities. The minimal amplitudes
correspond formally to an infinite superposition of box graphs on
like field theories, whose divergence is responsible for the poles in the
string amplitudes. This paper is a considerable simplification and
generalization of our earlier proposal published in Phys. Rev. Lett. 70 (1993)
p 3692.Comment: Plain TeX, 67 pp. and 9 figures, Columbia/UCLA/94/TEP/3
Gluon self-energy in a two-flavor color superconductor
The energy and momentum dependence of the gluon self-energy is investigated
in a color superconductor with two flavors of massless quarks. The presence of
a color-superconducting quark-quark condensate modifies the gluon self-energy
for energies which are of the order of the gap parameter. For gluon energies
much larger than the gap, the self-energy assumes the form given by the
standard hard-dense loop approximation. It is shown that this modification of
the gluon self-energy does not affect the magnitude of the gap to leading and
subleading order in the weak-coupling limit.Comment: 21 pages, 6 figures, RevTeX, aps and epsfig style files require
Thermodynamic gauge-theory cascade
It is proposed that the cooling of a thermalized SU() gauge theory can be
formulated in terms of a cascade involving three effective theories with
successively reduced (and spontaneously broken) gauge symmetries, SU()
U(1) Z. The approach is based on the assumption that away
from a phase transition the bulk of the quantum interaction inherent to the
system is implicitly encoded in the (incomplete) classical dynamics of a
collective part made of low-energy condensed degrees of freedom. The properties
of (some of the) statistically fluctuating fields are determined by these
condensate(s). This leads to a quasi-particle description at tree-level. It
appears that radiative corrections, which are sizable at large gauge coupling,
do not change the tree-level picture qualitatively. The thermodynamic
self-consistency of the quasi-particle approach implies nonperturbative
evolution equations for the associated masses. The temperature dependence of
these masses, in turn, determine the evolution of the gauge coupling(s). The
hot gauge system approaches the behavior of an ideal gas of massless gluons at
asymptotically large temperature. A negative equation of state is possible at a
stage where the system is about to settle into the phase of the (spontaneously
broken) Z symmetry.Comment: 25 pages, 6 figures, 1 reference added, minor corrections in text,
errors in Sec. 3.2 corrected, PRD versio
Effect of gluon-exchange pair-currents on the ratio G(E(P))/G(M(P))
The effect of one-gluon-exchange (OGE) pair-currents on the ratio for the proton is investigated within a nonrelativistic
constituent quark model (CQM) starting from nucleon wave
functions, but with relativistic corrections. We found that the OGE
pair-currents are important to reproduce well the ratio .
With the assumption that the OGE pair-currents are the driving mechanism for
the violation of the scaling law we give a prediction for the ratio of the neutron.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure
Two-Loop Superstrings VI: Non-Renormalization Theorems and the 4-Point Function
The N-point amplitudes for the Type II and Heterotic superstrings at two-loop
order and for massless NS bosons are evaluated explicitly from first
principles, using the method of projection onto super period matrices
introduced and developed in the first five papers of this series. The
gauge-dependent corrections to the vertex operators, identified in paper V, are
carefully taken into account, and the crucial counterterms which are Dolbeault
exact in one insertion point and de Rham closed in the remaining points are
constructed explicitly. This procedure maintains gauge slice independence at
every stage of the evaluation.
Analysis of the resulting amplitudes demonstrates, from first principles,
that for , no two-loop corrections occur, while for N=4, no two-loop
corrections to the low energy effective action occur for terms in the
Type II superstrings, and for , , , and terms in the
Heterotic strings.Comment: 98 pages, no figur
The Solution Space of the Unitary Matrix Model String Equation and the Sato Grassmannian
The space of all solutions to the string equation of the symmetric unitary
one-matrix model is determined. It is shown that the string equation is
equivalent to simple conditions on points and in the big cell \Gr
of the Sato Grassmannian . This is a consequence of a well-defined
continuum limit in which the string equation has the simple form \lb \cp
,\cq_- \rb =\hbox{\rm 1}, with \cp and \cq_- matrices of
differential operators. These conditions on and yield a simple
system of first order differential equations whose analysis determines the
space of all solutions to the string equation. This geometric formulation leads
directly to the Virasoro constraints \L_n\,(n\geq 0), where \L_n annihilate
the two modified-KdV \t-functions whose product gives the partition function
of the Unitary Matrix Model.Comment: 21 page
How the quark self-energy affects the color-superconducting gap
We consider color superconductivity with two flavors of massless quarks which
form Cooper pairs with total spin zero. We solve the gap equation for the
color-superconducting gap parameter to subleading order in the QCD coupling
constant at zero temperature. At this order in , there is also a
previously neglected contribution from the real part of the quark self-energy
to the gap equation. Including this contribution leads to a reduction of the
color-superconducting gap parameter \f_0 by a factor b_0'=\exp \big[ -(\p
^2+4)/8 \big]\simeq 0.177. On the other hand, the BCS relation T_c\simeq
0.57\f_0 between \f_0 and the transition temperature is shown to
remain valid after taking into account corrections from the quark self-energy.
The resulting value for confirms a result obtained previously with a
different method.Comment: Revtex, 8 pages, no figur
Generalized Ward identity and gauge invariance of the color-superconducting gap
We derive a generalized Ward identity for color-superconducting quark matter
via the functional integral approach. The identity implies the gauge
independence of the color-superconducting gap parameter on the quasi-particle
mass shell to subleading order in covariant gauge.Comment: 5 pages, 1 Postscript figure, uses Revte
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