SITUACIÓN ACTUAL Y PLANTEAMIENTOS FUTUROS PARA LA INVESTIGACIÓN DE MARKETING EN ESPAÑA

El marketing ha evolucionado notablemente como disciplina científica en España a lo largo de los últimos años. El presente trabajo trata de poner de manifiesto qué ha caracterizado esta evolución en las dos últimas décadas, y cuál es su estado actual. Para ello, y junto a una comparativa de los principales trabajos de revisión de la investigación en marketing en nuestro país desarrollados hasta el momento, se analiza el contenido de las ocho últimas ediciones del principal congreso sobre marketing de los que se celebran en España, el Encuentro de Profesores Universitarios de Marketing. El objetivo último de este trabajo consiste en extender el conocimiento sobre la investigación de marketing en España, analizando aspectos tales como el grado de concentración/especialización de los trabajos presentados, la autoría de los mismos, su evolución a lo largo de las ediciones celebradas, etc

Prediction of equilibrium isotopic fractionation of the gypsum/bassanite/water system using first-principles calculations

The stable isotopes (18O/16O, 17O/16O and 2H/1H) of structurally-bound water (also called hydration water) in gypsum (CaSO4•2H2O) and bassanite (CaSO4•0.5H2O) can be used to reconstruct the isotopic composition of paleo-waters. Understanding the variability of the isotope fractionation factors between the solution and the solid α17Omineral-water, α18Omineral-water and αDmineral-water) is crucial for applying this proxy to paleoclimatic research. Here we predict the theoretical equilibrium fractionation factors for triple oxygen and hydrogen isotopes in the gypsum-water and bassanite-water systems between 0 ⁰C and 60 ⁰C. We apply first-principles using density functional theory within the harmonic approximation. Our theoretical results for α18Ogypsum-water (1.00347±0.00037) are in agreement with previous experimental studies, whereas Dgypsum-water agrees only at temperatures above 25 ⁰C. At lower temperatures, the experimental values of αDgypsumwater are consistently higher than theoretical values (e.g. 0.9749 and 0.9782, respectively, at 3 ⁰C), which can be explained by kinetic effects that affect gypsum precipitation under laboratory conditions at low temperature. We predict that α18Obassanite-water is similar to α18Ogypsum-water in the temperature range of 0 ⁰C to 60 ⁰C. Both α18Ogypsum-water and α18Obassanite-water show a small temperature dependence of ~0.0000122 per ⁰C, which is negligible for most paleoclimate studies. The theoretical relationship between α17Ogypsumwater and α18Ogypsum-water from 0 °C to 60 °C is 0.5274±0.00063. The relationship is very insensitive to temperature (0.00002 per ⁰C). The fact that α18O values of gypsum hydration water are greater than free water (α18Ogypsum-water >1) whereas αD values of gypsum hydration water are less than free water (αDgypsum-water <1) is explained by phonon theory. We conclude that calculations from first-principles using density functional theory within the harmonic approximation can accurately predict fractionation factors between structurally-bound water of minerals and free water.ER

Urban Climate Action. The urban content of the NDCs: Global review 2022

This report was prepared by United Nations Human Settlement Programme (UN-Habitat) and the UNESCO Chair on Urban Resilience at the University of Southern Denmark (SDU.Resilience). It offers a global analysis of the urban content of 193 Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) submitted to the Secretariat of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) before the 19th of June 2022. For this report, more than 200 indicators were used to analyse external data (e.g., Human Development Index and income categorisation) and data within the NDCs, including climate mitigation and adaptation challenges and responses, as well as specific sectors. This analysis is instrumental to supporting Parties’ efforts in further integrating national climate policies and urban climate actions, which is considered fundamental to raising ambition and developing adequate and timely actions as required by the current climate emergency. This review can be instrumental for advocacy and direct support to countries by partner organisations. The work was supported by a group of experts from bilateral and multilateral organisations and academia. Three expert group meetings were convened, and a peer review was organised for the final report

Agronomic evaluation of Levante 20®, Levante 40® y Levante 45®, varieties of the peach breeding program (Prunus persica L.): IMIDA-NOVAMED

[SPA] El melocotón amarillo de carne dura o pavía ha disminuido su producción en los últimos años, pero a nivel nacional sigue teniendo un hueco de mercado interior para su consumo en fresco. El programa de mejora IMIDA-NOVAMED ha desarrollado tres variedades de esta tipología: Levante 20®, Levante 40® y Levante 45® con unas características muy similares y buenas calidades organolépticas, diferenciándose en fechas de maduración y porcentaje de sobrecoloración con las variedades de referencia de melocotón amarillo en el mercado. Pudiendo ofrecer así una serie de melocotones amarillos o pavías similares de forma continua en los lineales de venta, y así el consumidor poder disfrutar durante un largo periodo de tiempo el mismo tipo de melocotón. [ENG] The non-melting yellow peach or “pavia” has decreased its production in recent years, but at the national level it still has an internal market gap for fresh consumption. The breeding program IMIDA-NOVAMED has developed three varieties of this typology: Levante 20®, Levante 40® y Levante 45® with very similar characteristics and good organoleptic qualities, differing in ripening dates and percentage of over-coloring with the reference varieties of yellow peach in the market. Being able to offer a series of yellow peaches or similar peaches in a continuous way in the sale lines, and thus the consumer can enjoy the same type of peach for a long period

Peach breeding (Prunus persica L.): Agronomic evaluation of selections IMIDA – NOVAMED: Siroco 30®, Siroco 40® y Siroco 43®

[SPA] A día de hoy España es el segundo país productor de melocotón y primer país exportador a nivel mundial. El paraguayo o melocotón de forma plana ocupa el 25% del total de la superficie cultivada en España. El programa de mejora IMIDA-NOVAMED ha desarrollado tres selecciones de paraguayo, Siroco 30®, Siroco 40® y Siroco 43® que difieren en fechas de recolección y presentan una tipología muy similar aportando una sobrecoloración del fruto o chapa muy alta, destacando sus características organolépticas de baja acidez, elevados °Brix y alta consistencia, lo que hace a estas selecciones una fruta muy atractiva para el consumidor. Con el objetivo de desarrollar una serie de variedades con la misma tipología para poder ser suministradas en los lineales de venta de forma continua. [ENG] Nowadays, Spain is the second peach producing country and the first exporting country in the world. The flat peach occupies 25% of the total peach area cultivated in Spain. The IMIDA-NOVAMED breeding program has developed three new selections of flat peach, Siroco 30®, Siroco 40® and Siroco 43® that differ in harvest date and they show a very similar typology with a very high over color of skin, highlighting its organoleptic characteristic of low Acidity, high ° Brix and high firmness of the flesh, which make these selections very attractive for the consumer. With the aim of developing a varieties set with the same typology able to be supplied continuously in the sales line.Fondos Feder 1420-05

Peach breeding (Prunus persica L.): Agronomic evaluation of selections IMIDA - NOVAMED

[SPA] En datos de exportación, desde 2005 a día de hoy España es el primer país exportador de melocotón a nivel mundial ofreciendo una amplia gama de variedades y tipologías de fruto que cubren un largo periodo de recolección. La dependencia de variedades extranjeras, el acceso limitado a muchas de ellas, al excesivo pago de royalties y su falta de adaptación a las diferentes zonas de cultivo ha hecho que se desarrollen en España en los últimos 20 años más de 10 programas de mejora genética, privados, públicos y público-privados. El IMIDA está llevando a cabo un programa de mejora público-privado en colaboración con la empresa NOVAMED S.L., siendo los objetivos de mejora la diversificación respecto a: época de recolección y floración, productividad, requerimientos en reposo invernal, adaptación a las distintas condiciones de cultivo de la Región de Murcia, tipología de fruto y características organolépticas. El objetivo general de este estudio es la caracterización agronómica, morfológica y genética de las selecciones del programa de mejora público-privado IMIDA-NOVAMED, y la solicitación del Título de Obtención Vegetal, para ofrecer al sector productor nuevas variedades competitivas al mercado. [ENG] Spain is the leading exporter of peach worldwide offering a wide range of varieties and typologies of fruit that cover a long period of harvest. Dependence on foreign varieties, limited access to many of them, royalty payments and problems of adaptation to different growing areas has made that appear in Spain in the last 20 years more than 10 breeding programs, private, public and public-private. IMIDA is developing a public-private peach breeding program with the company NOVAMED SL to improve the diversification in harvest and flowering time, productivity, chilling requirements, adaptation to different growing conditions Murcia, type of fruit and organoleptic characteristics. The general objective of this study is the agronomic, morphological and genetic characterization of the IMIDA-NOVAMED program selections obtained and protection of Plant Variety, to offer new varieties to market.Fondos Feder 2014-2020: “Una manera diferente de hacer Europa”

Storing magnetic information in IrMn/MgO/Ta tunnel junctions via field-cooling

In this paper, we demonstrate that in Ta/MgO/IrMn tunneling junctions, containing no ferromagnetic elements, distinct metastable resistance states can be set by field cooling the devices from above the Néel temperature (TN) along different orientations. Variations of the resistance up to 10% are found upon field cooling in applied fields, in-plane or out-of-plane. Well below TN, these metastable states are insensitive to magnetic fields up to 2 T, thus constituting robust memory states. Our work provides the demonstration of an electrically readable magnetic memory device, which contains no ferromagnetic elements and stores the information in an antiferromagnetic active layer

Triple oxygen and hydrogen isotopes of gypsum hydration water for quantitative paleo-humidity reconstruction

© 2017 Elsevier B.V. Atmospheric relative humidity is an important parameter affecting vegetation yet paleo-humidity proxies are scarce and difficult to calibrate. Here we use triple oxygen (δ17O and δ18O) and hydrogen (δD) isotopes of structurally-bound gypsum hydration water (GHW) extracted from lacustrine gypsum to quantify past changes in atmospheric relative humidity. An evaporation isotope-mass-balance model is used together with Monte Carlo simulations to determine the range of climatological conditions that simultaneously satisfy the stable isotope results of GHW, and with statistically robust estimates of uncertainty. We apply this method to reconstruct the isotopic composition of paleo-waters of Lake Estanya (NE Spain) and changes in normalized atmospheric relative humidity (RHn) over the last glacial termination and Holocene (from ∼15 to 0.6 cal. kyrs BP). The isotopic record indicates the driest conditions occurred during the Younger Dryas (YD; ∼12–13 cal. kyrs BP). We estimate a RHnof ∼40–45% during the YD, which is ∼30–35% lower than today. Because of the southward displacement of the Polar Front to ∼42°N, it was both windier and drier during the YD than the Bølling–Allerød period and Holocene. Mean atmospheric moisture gradually increased from the Preboreal to Early Holocene (∼11 to 8 cal. kyrs BP, 50–60%), reaching 70–75% RHnfrom ∼7.5 cal. kyrs BP until present-day. We demonstrate that combining hydrogen and triple oxygen isotopes in GHW provides a powerful tool for quantitative estimates of past changes in relative humidity

The view of teachers on bullying and implications for nursing

Objetivo: Compreender o bullying escolar, na perspectiva dos professores, e refletir sobre as possíveis ações da área da saúde em seu enfrentamento. Para tanto, tomaram- se por base as diretrizes do Programa Saúde na Escola, dos Ministérios da Saúde e da Educação. Método: Estudo de caso qualitativo, realizado com professores de uma escola pública de Minas Gerais. Foram utilizados grupos focais na coleta de dados e o material empírico foi decodificado a partir de técnica de análise temática de conteúdo, resultando em uma categoria analítica: concepções e experiências de professores diante do bullying. Resultados: Foram identificadas percepções pontuais sobre o fenômeno e utilização de recursos de intervenção pouco eficazes. No plano interpretativo, problematizaram-se as contribuições da saúde e da enfermagem no redimensionamento das intervenções e no processo de formação continuada dos professores. Conclusão: Os resultados apontam para a construção de práticas intersetoriais para o enfrentamento do bullying.To understand school bullying from the perspective of teachers and reflect about the possible actions of the health area when coping with it. The guidelines of the School Health Program of the Ministries of Health and Education were used to reach that purpose. Method: A qualitative study carried out with teachers of a public school in Minas Gerais. Focus groups were used to collect data and the empirical material was decoded from thematic analysis of content, resulting in an analytical category: conceptions and experiences of teachers on bullying. Results: Specific perceptions about the phenomenon and the use of ineffective intervention resources were identified. In the interpretive plan were problematized the health and nursing contributions with resizing the interventions and the continuing training process of teachers. Conclusion: The results point to the construction of intersectoral practices forcoping with bullying.Objetivo: Comprender el bullying escolar desde la perspectiva de los profesores, y reflexionar sobre las posibles acciones del área de salud en su enfrentamiento. Tomando como base los lineamientos del Programa de Salud Escolar, de los Ministerios de Salud y de Educación. Método: Estudio de caso cualitativo realizado con los profesores de una escuela pública en Minas Gerais. Para la recolección de datos se utilizaron grupos focales y el material empírico fue decodificado a partir de la técnica de análisis temático de contenido, dando lugar a una categoría analítica: concepciones y experiencias de los profesores sobre el acoso escolar. Resultados: Se identificaron percepciones específicas sobre el fenómeno y la utilización de recursos ineficaces de intervención. En el plano interpretativo, se problematizaron las contribuciones de la salud y de la enfermería en el redimensionamiento de las intervenciones y en el proceso de formación continua de los profesores. Conclusión: Los resultados apuntan a la construcción de prácticas intersectoriales para el enfrentamiento del bullying.CIEC - Centro de Investigação em Estudos da Criança, UM (UI 317 da FCT

Telephone follow-up of patients after radical prostatectomy : a systematic review

Objective: to assess and summarize the best scientific evidence from randomized controlled clinical trials about telephone follow-up of patients after radical prostatectomy, based on information about how the phone calls are made and the clinical and psychological effects for the individuals who received this intervention. Method: the search was undertaken in the electronic databases Medline, Web of Science, Embase, Cinahl, Lilacs and Cochrane. Among the 368 references found, five were selected. Results: two studies tested interventions focused on psychological support and three tested interventions focused on the physical effects of treatment. The psychoeducative intervention to manage the uncertainty about the disease and the treatment revealed statistically significant evidences and reduced the level of uncertainty and anguish it causes. Conclusion: the beneficial effects of telephone follow-up could be determined, as a useful tool for the monitoring of post-prostatectomy patients.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)