The spatiotemporal variable effects of individuals’ CO2 emission in Bandung Metropolitan Areas

Many investigations have been using disaggregated measurements to estimate individuals' CO2 from road passenger transport, especially in developed countries. Nevertheless, similar investigation in developing countries emphasized their focus on aggregate measurements and system dynamics. There is a lack of disaggregated measurement in developing countries, particularly in Indonesia, and how the effects of spatiotemporal variables such as socio-demographic, travel parameters, and activity pattern variables correspond with CO2 estimations. Since Indonesia is dominated by motorcycle users, this study will show motorcycles' contribution to CO2 emissions. The results of 2.23 kg-CO2 per day of individuals’ CO2 emissions in Indonesia is quite low in comparison to results in some developed countries such as the Netherlands and Sweden. It is presumably because around 86.05% of individuals in the observations used private motorcycles to travel and a low number of the undertaken trip in the BMA (Bandung Metropolitan Area). Around 91.39% of CO2 emissions were emitted by individuals who take 80% of using private motorcycles and cars. This study shows that the disaggregated modeling on estimating CO2 emissions might be able to reveal which individuals can be targeted to reduce their CO2 emissions and what can be done to help government policy in reducing CO2. Female part-timer workers, female non-workers, and senior citizens are those who show the lowest contributions to CO2, and providing acknowledgments might make them keep such achievements. Whose daily travel time is below 106 and 125 minutes might be clustered as the targeted group of individuals that can reduce their CO2 production. Incentive schemes such as providing internet vouchers or vouchers to use ride-hailing might help to change their habits to shift some of their trips by taking non-motorized mode, public transport, and/or ride-hailing services. Keeping public amenities at a farther distance might reduce people increase trips and travels by using motorized mode. But increasing the distance might make effects social exclusion, in turn, social health

Pengaruh Profitabilitas, Kepemilikan Manajerial, Kebijakan Hutang, Likuiditas, dan Ukuran Perusahaan terhadap Kebijakan Dividen pada Perusahaan Food and Beverage yang terdaftar di BEI periode 2013-2017

This study aims to determine the effect of profitability, managerial ownership, debt policy, liquidity and company size on dividend policy in food and beverage companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in the 2013-2017, using the saturated sample method. The total sample of observations consisted of 77 food and beverage companies that met the sample criteria. Data analysis was performed using multiple linear regression analysis using SPPS version 23. The results of this study indicate that profitability, liquidity, and company size have a significant effect on dividend policy. While managerial ownership and debt policy have no significant effect on dividend policy

PERTANGGUNGJAWABANPT. POS INDONESIA (PERSERO) TERHADAP KETIDAKSESUAIAN LAYANAN POS EXPRESS DITINJAU DARI UNDANG-UNDANG NOMOR 8 TAHUN 1999 TENTANG PERLINDUNGAN KONSUMEN

Pos Express adalah salah satu layanan yang memiliki kualitas produk dan tariff bersaing dalam industry layanan perposan serta memiliki sifat dan jenis layanan dengan pelayanan khusus/special treatment. Dengan mengusung slogan yang diunggulkan, “kiriman Anda sehari sampai”, PASTI!’.Pertanggungjawaban PT. Pos Indonesia (Persero) atas ketidaksesuain layanan Pos Express adalah dengan memberi ganti rugi atas kerugian konsumen baik berupa keterlambatan, kerusakan maupun kehilangan kiriman. Perlindungan hukum terhadap konsumen yang ditinjau dari Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 1999 tentang Perlindungan Konsumen, dilakukan PT. Pos Indonesia (Persero) melalui cara preventif dan represif. Penyelesaian komplain yang diajukan konsumen kepada PT. Pos Indonesia (Persero) selama ini diselesaikan melalui baik melalui jalur diluar pengadilan/jalurdamai dengan memberikan ganti rugi maupun melalui jalur pengadilan. Kata kunci: Pos Express dan Perlindungan Konsume

PENGARUH TEKANAN EKSTERNAL, KOMITMEN MANAJEMEN, SISTEM PENGENDALIAN INTERNAL, AKUNTABILITAS DAN KOMPETENSI SUMBER DAYA MANUSIA TERHADAP PENERAPAN TRANSPARANSI PELAPORAN KEUANGAN PEMERINTAH DAERAH (STUDI EMPIRIS PADA ORGANISASI PEMERINTAH DAERAH KABUPATEN KUDUS)

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh tekanan eksternal, komitmen manajemen, sistem pengendalian internal, akuntabilitas dan kompetensi sumber daya manusia. Populasi penelitian ini berada di Kabupaten Kudus (22 agen pemerintahan). Metode pengambilan sampel menggunakan proposive sampling. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis regresi linier berganda. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa variabel tekanan eksternal, komitmen manajemen, sistem pengendalian internal, akuntabilitas dan kompetensi sumber daya manusia terhadap pengawasan keuangan daerah

Tinjauan Yuridis Mengenai Transaksi Jual Beli Air Susu Ibu (Asi) Ditinjau Melalui Perspektif Hukum Islam (Studi Kasus Pendonor ASI dan Penerima ASI di Kelurahan Purwosari Laweyan Surakarta)

breast milk (ASI) in the area of Purwosari Laweyan Village Surakarta. Buying and selling breast milk is dobe in a barter manner by providing staple food in the form of rice. As for breast milk donated in the form of frozen breast milk frozen and fresh breast milk. The research method carried out with empirical sociological methods is to look for information directly in the field relating to the issues to be discussed in this paper by interviewing residents in the Purwosari Laweyan Village Surakarta, namely mothers selling breast milk and mothers receiving breast milk, Tarjih and Tajdid Assemblies PDM in the City of Surakarta, Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) Surakarta. Whereas the relationship between children in the Islamic law itself is a status that makes mahram breastfeeding at the age of two years, if breastfeeding is above two years then it does not make it unlawful to be married and the amount of breast milk consumed is a much as five times milk that can make mahram, and breast milk consumed is filling, breastfeeding that can make mahram both directly and milked. Meanwhile efforts to avoid a mahram relationship with a child at least minimally records the history of the mother who gives breast milk

Development and equity : A gendered inquiry in a swidden landscape

Market-driven development is transforming swidden landscapes and having different impacts along intersections of gender, age and class. In Kapuas Hulu, West Kalimantan, Indonesia, Dayak communities practicing swidden agriculture are making choices on maintaining traditional land use systems, and engaging in rubber, oil palm and conservation (REDD + ) in their livelihood strategies. Although REDD + has been heralded as an alternative to oil palm as a sustainable development option, it is still far from full implementation. Meanwhile, oil palm has become a reality, with large scale plantations that offer job opportunities and produce new sources of prestige, but create contestations around traditional land use systems. We employ the gender asset agriculture project (GAAP) framework and apply an intersectional lens to highlight power relations underlying gendered differences in land, labor and social capital in this process of transformation. Our findings suggest that market interventions produce major changes for men and women, young and old, land cultivators and wage earners. This has created new opportunities for some and new risks for others, with those having power to access diverse types of knowledge, ranging from inheritance rights to market information and job opportunities, best able to exploit such opportunities.Peer reviewe

Analyzing REDD+ as an experiment of transformative climate governance : Insights from Indonesia

Analyzing REDD plus as an experiment of transformative climate governance: Insights from IndonesiaThis paper contributes to an emerging body of literature on policy experimentation and governance transformation processes. We use the example of REDD+ as consisting of policy experiments in an emerging domestic policy domain to understand obstacles to transformations in forest and climate governance. We ask two interlinked questions: to what extent did the establishment of the REDD + Agency challenge 'business as usual' in Indonesia's forest and climate policy arena?; and what does this mean for a transformation away from policies and governance that enable deforestation and forest degradation? We draw on the transformation literature to better understand the role of REDD+ to achieve a transformative shift in climate governance. As an experiment of transformative climate governance, the study of REDD + provides important insights for other forest or climate programs. Our analysis shows that the REDD + Agency was successful in some extend in introducing an alternative governance mechanism and in shaking the governance structures but we also note that some of the key actors thought that greater ownership was achieved when the REDD+ Agency was dissolved and the mandate was returned to the ministries. We conclude that policy experimenting is a process, and while the creation of novel policies and their experimentation is important, also their assimilation may lead to new opportunities.Peer reviewe

REDD plus in Indonesia : A new mode of governance or just another project?

Reducing Emission from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+), was adopted in Indonesia with an ambitious vision to promote a new mode of governance for Indonesia's forest, replacing a mode of ‘projectification’. Projectification, as described by Li (2016), is understood as a process through which plans for systematic long-term change collapse into incremental, simplified technical solutions. These proposals often fail to address complex socio-economic problems and political-economic contexts, allowing large-scale deforestation drivers to persist. We analyze whether Indonesia is on track toward transformational change or is conversely locked into projectification. We construct our analysis using results from a long-term study comprising surveys in 2012, 2015, and 2019 analyzing the evolving role of REDD+ in Indonesian forest governance. Combining qualitative and quantitative analysis, we examine changes in (i) discursive practices and policy beliefs; (ii) institutions and power relations; and (iii) informal networking relationships. Our findings show that despite high hopes and some promising developments, REDD+ has not yet succeeded in creating transformational change. Ideas of REDD+ remain focused on efficiency and technical aspects of implementation and do not question business as usual and the current political economic conditions favoring deforestation. The changing structure of the REDD+ policy network and exchanges between actors and groups over time suggest government actors and large funding organizations are becoming increasingly dominant, potentially indicating a return to established patterns of project-based governance.Peer reviewe

A Different Approach to Assess Oxidative Stress in Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Patients Through the Calculation of Oxidative Stress Index

The objectives of this study were to determine the involvement of Oxidative Stress (OS) in the pathogenesis of dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) through the analysis of oxidative stress Index (OSI). The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activity, and OSI were measured in 61 child dengue patients and (aged 6 months–18 years) with three different stages of DHF, i.e stage I, II, and III. The results show that the levels of MDA, SOD and CAT activity, and OSI significantly different between the group. The all parameters that investigated in this present study seems higher MDA level and OSI in the higher grade of DHF, except for SOD and CAT activity. From this result, it can be concluded that oxidative stress pathways might be involved in the pathomechanism of DHF and OSI might be used as a biomarker for OS and the severity in DHF patients

WORKSHOP PEMBUATAN PUPUK ORGANIK BERBASIS LIMBAH RUMAH TANGGA DI DESA PURWODADI KABUPATEN LAMPUNG SELATAN

Masyarakat di Desa Purwodadi masih belum terlalu peduli dalam mengatasi persoalan limbah, khususnya limbah yang berasal dari rumah tangga. Ketidakpedulian terlihat terlihat dari masih banyaknya warga yang membuang limbah sembarangan seperti di aliran sungai dan saluran irigasi. Limbah tersebut sebenarnya memiliki nilai guna apabila dilakukan pengolahan kembali. Namun, kurangnya pengetahuan masyarakat terutama di desa purwodadi dalam pengolahan limbah, sehingga limbah tersebut hanya dikumpulkan, diangkut, dan dibuang ataupun dibakar.  Salah satu pengolahan limbah organik adalah dapat dijadikan pupuk organik. Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk memberi pengetahuan mengenai limbah, pemilahan dan pengolahan limbah menjadi pupuk organik yang nantinya dapat digunakan untuk memupuk tanaman baik yang ada di kebun maupun  di pekarangan rumah. Pengabdian ini dilakukan mahasiswa dalam rangkaian kegiatan kuliah kerja nyata (KKN) untuk mendukung program zero waste yang dicanangkan oleh pemerintah. Kegiatan pengabdian ini diawali dengan sosialisasi mengenai limbah, cara memilah limbah, pengolahan limbah, pupuk organik dan komposter. Lalu dilanjutkan dengan demonstrasi pembuatan pupuk organik. Hasil kegiatan demonstrasi kepada warga desa memberikan respon yang positif. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari antusias warga dalam mengikuti kegiatan workshop, baik pada kegiatan pemberian materi maupun demonstrasi pembuatan pupuk organik.   Kata Kunci : Desa Purwodadi, Kuliah Kerja Nyata, Limbah, Pupuk Organik, Zero Waste