EXPLORATIVE ANALYSIS AND STRUCTURED SPECULATION: RETHINKING COMPUTATIONAL DESIGN AS AN APPROACH FOR ARCHITECTURAL FORM EXPLORATION

This study examines the potential of computational thinking principles as an approach in architectural form explorations. This study proposes an alternative perspective in the computational design approach, which often emphasizes automation and optimization in problem-solving processes. Current research and discussion in computational design also tend to focus on algorithms as the main idea, overlooking other computational thinking principles. Using House IV—designed by Peter Eisenman—as a case, this study seeks to examine the possibilities of implementing computational thinking principles in a speculative form-making process. House IV was selected due to two main aspects related to its design process: 1) the involvement of rules and procedures, and; 2) the focus on architectural formal exploration instead of program. The processes consist of an analytical and a generative phase. Analytical phases employ three computational thinking principles—decomposition, pattern recognition, and generalization/abstraction—to deconstruct and identify the essential parts and underlying set of rules from House IV. The generative phase utilizes understanding from analysis – in the form of generalized rules – to build an algorithm to reconstruct variations of forms. This approach open possibilities for exploration/speculation of new or unique formal iterations while keeping the character and aesthetic quality of the House IV. Reflection on the processes highlights the importance of explorative analysis and structured speculation in architectural design methods. The findings show the importance of explorative aspect in the analytical phase, along with traceability and explicitness in generative phase of design process. This study proposes a more holistic implementation of computational thinking principles in speculative form-making exploration. This study solely focuses on architectural form exploration, without any consideration for other elements such as space, context and program/function

AFFORDING STUDENTS’ WORK-ABILITY IN CAMPUS PUBLIC SPACES

This study addresses the increasing prevalence of informal learning activities and the corresponding demand for public places within academic environments that effectively afford the work-ability function. The research specifically investigates how students at Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Surabaya, utilize various public places—originally not intended as workspaces—to support their academic tasks. Focusing on six locations (Canteen, Mosque, Plaza, Library (office), and Dormitory Hall), the study explores the phenomenon of students affording work-related activities in unconventional settings. The research employs qualitative observation methods, dismantling the theory of affordance through three analytical lenses: Architectural Structure, User Interpretation, and Behavior Response. These components allow for an in-depth understanding of how spatial conditions contribute to user adaptability. Data collected from on-site observations were further analyzed using the Sorensen Similarity Coefficient, generating a similarity index within the range of >0 to ≤1. An index value above 0.500 is considered indicative of a significant link between specific architectural elements and affording work-ability. Findings reveal that students afford work-ability through: (1) the adaptation of multipurpose architectural structures, (2) the effective use of expansive floor areas with open layouts, (3) engagement with accessible and user-friendly environments that enable flexible use, and (4) reliance on adequate shading systems as part of the enclosure elements. These insights contribute to the evolving discourse on responsive campus design, emphasizing the need for spatial adaptability that reflects actual user behavior beyond predefined functional intentions

Optimasi Pemanfaatan Lahan Menggunakan Metode Highest and Best Use

Population growth in Indonesia is increasing slowly every year, making land purchase prices increasingly expensive. Because of this, it is necessary to optimize land so that the buildings used meet needs, namely using Highest and Best Use (HBU) method. The land is on Jl. Keputih Tegal Timur, Kel. Keputih, Kec. Sukolilo, Surabaya, is an empty land with a land area of 1,320 m². Highest and Best Use (HBU) method includes legal aspects, physical aspects, financial aspects and maximum productivity. From the results of the analysis using three alternative buildings, a building was obtained boarding house as an alternative that can increase land value by IDR 59,697,591 per m2 in a period of 10 years. Until boarding house worthy because it has a productivity value of 497.48%

Strategi Manajemen Klaim Kontraktor di Proyek PLTA Peusangan Kabupaten Aceh Tengah berdasarkan FIDIC Red Book 1999

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi strategi manajemen klaim kontraktor pada proyek PLTA Peusangan berdasarkan FIDIC Red Book 1999. Studi ini menyoroti tiga aspek utama: pemahaman top manajemen terhadap klaim konstruksi, kesalahan administrasi dalam pengajuan klaim, dan strategi peningkatan efektivitas klaim. Metode yang digunakan adalah pendekatan kualitatif melalui wawancara mendalam dengan top manajemen kontraktor, yang dianalisis menggunakan perangkat lunak Nvivo 14. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa meskipun pemahaman terhadap prosedur klaim sudah memadai, masih terjadi penolakan klaim karena keterlambatan notifikasi dan dokumentasi yang tidak lengkap. Strategi efektif yang diimplementasikan meliputi pembentukan tim khusus klaim, penempatan personel kompeten, serta pengembangan sumber daya manusia. Studi ini merekomendasikan peningkatan kapasitas administratif dan pelatihan berkelanjutan guna memastikan kepatuhan terhadap standar FIDIC. Temuan ini diharapkan dapat menjadi acuan dalam pengelolaan klaim konstruksi pada proyek serupa yang mengacu pada kontrak internasional. 

Analisis Perbandingan Waktu Dan Biaya Bekisting Metode Konvensional Dengan Sistem Table Formwork Pada Pembangunan Gedung At-Taawun Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya

Gedung At-Taawun Universitas Muhammadiyah Surabaya, diklasifikasikan sebagai struktur bertingkat tinggi yang terdiri dari 19 lantai tower dan 1 lantai basement Bekisting atau formwork yang digunakan sebagai acuan pada proyek ini adalah metode konvensional dengan scaffolding sebagai sistem perancahnya. Pada proyek akhir ini, lantai yang ditinjau adalah lantai 2 – 12. Berdasarkan hasil perencanaan, metode pelaksanaan untuk metode konvensional membutuhkan durasi yang lebih lama karena proses fabrikasi dan bongkaran berkaitan dengan siklus maskimal penggunaan multiplek, sedangkan proses fabrikasi dan pembongkaran table formwork dapat dilakukan dengan lebih cepat karena siklus penggunaan phenolic film serta bentuk modul table. Hasil dari pengolahan data didapatkan durasi pekerjaan dengan metode konvensional dapat diselesaikan dengan durasi 155 hari, sedangkan dengan metode table formwork pekerjaan dapat diselesaikan dengan durasi 130 hari. Ditinjau dari perhitungan rencana anggaran pelaksanaan (RAP) untuk metode konvensional adalah sebesar Rp21.598.777.449,93 sedangkan pada metode table formwork didapatkan total biaya sebesar Rp22.610.784.905,70

PORTABLE ARCHITECTURE ASPECTS IN THE DESIGN OF EMERGENCY SHELTERS FOR EVACUATION DURING THE ERUPTION OF MOUNT SEMERU

Indonesia’s position along the Ring of Fire renders it highly prone to volcanic eruptions, often causing significant displacement and damage to settlements. These conditions highlight the need for effective emergency shelters. However, static emergency shelter solutions, such as conventional tents, are often inadequate for the dynamic evacuation contexts of volcanic disasters. These shelters are typically difficult to transport, slow to deploy, and dependent on skilled labor, resulting in delayed protection for evacuees. This study aims to develop design criteria for portable emergency shelters by applying the principles of portable architecture—mobility, compactibility, lightweight materials, and ease of assembly—to better support evacuation mobility and post-disaster needs. Employing a qualitative descriptive method, the research integrates contextual analysis of Semeru’s eruption characteristics with theoretical frameworks of portable design. Data were collected through literature review, design document analysis, and secondary disaster data, focusing on evacuation dynamics, environmental conditions, and ergonomic requirements. The findings identify three essential design aspects: rapid deployment, compactness, and transportability. The proposed shelter design incorporates retractable and folding systems allowing rapid assembly by non-expert users within five to ten minutes, compact packaging for efficient storage, and lightweight construction suitable for motorcycle transport. This design improves response speed and reduces logistical dependence during disaster evacuation. The study concludes that integrating portable architectural strategies into emergency shelter design enhances adaptability, responsiveness, and independence of affected communities, providing not only physical protection but also supporting the continuity of mobility and dignity during prolonged displacement

Comparative Analysis of Hydrogel Polymer in Smartphone Devices : Thermal Stability Focused

Hydrogel polymers have emerged as transformative materials in the field of flexible electronics, offering unparalleled properties such as high water content, mechanical flexibility, and tunable conductivity. This review critically examines the thermal stability of hydrogels and their applications in electronic devices, with a focus on smartphone technology. Despite their inherent susceptibility to thermal fluctuations—ranging from freezing-induced brittleness to dehydration at elevated temperatures—recent advancements have significantly enhanced their resilience.  Strategies such as incorporating cryoprotectants (e.g., glycerol, ionic liquids), optimizing crosslinked networks, and balancing hydrophilic-hydrophobic interactions have proven effective in mitigating these challenges. These innovations enable hydrogels to maintain functionality in extreme environments, making them ideal for flexible sensors, energy storage devices, and touch screens. Notably, thermoresponsive hydrogels, which exhibit reversible phase transitions at critical solution temperatures, are paving the way for adaptive cooling systems and dynamic interfaces in next-generation electronics. The integration of hydrogels into electronic devices not only addresses thermal management issues but also unlocks new possibilities for wearable and biodegradable technologies. This review underscores the interdisciplinary potential of hydrogels, highlighting their role in advancing sustainable, high-performance electronic systems while identifying future research directions to overcome existing limitations

Evaluasi Kinerja Sistem Irigasi Bendung D.I Wonosari Kecamatan Megang Sakti Kabupaten Musi Rawas

Bendung D.I Wonosari terletak di desa Wonosari, Kabupaten Musi Rawas yang memiliki luas lahan irigasi sebesar 50 Ha dengan lahan produktif padi sebesar 5,8 Ha atau hanya sekitar 11,5% dari luas irigasi. Salah satu penyebabnya yaitu kerusakan disekitar tubuh bendung akibat debit aliran yang fluktuatif. Tujuan dari Penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi sistem irigasi serta merumuskan prioritas perbaikan infrastruktur guna mendukung peningkatan produktivitas pertanian. Pengambilan data dilakukan melalui metode survey dan penilaian kinerja sistem irigasi yang mengacu pada Permen PUPR 12/PRT/M/2015. Prioritas penanganan menggunakan metode Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Hasil analisis menunjukkan indeks kinerja sistem irigasi D.I Wonosari berada pada angka 51,73% yang diklasifikasikan dalam kategori “jelek” dan perlu perhatian. Rincian dari 6 indikator skor sebagai berikut Prasarana Fisik 24,42%, Produktivitas Tanam 11,65%, Sarana Penunjang 2,43%,  Organisasi Personalia 10,50%, Dokumentasi 2,74% dan P3A 0%. Skor nol pada indikator P3A mencerminkan ketiadaan partisipasi petani dalam pengelolaan irigasi dan organisasi belum berbadan hukum, sehingga dapat memperburuk keberlanjutan sistem. Hasil analisis AHP menunjukkan bahwa prioritas utama perbaikan terletak pada prasarana fisik, meliputi bangunan utama, saluran pembawa, dan struktur penunjang lainnya. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan intervensi teknis melalui pemeliharaan berkala dan rehabilitasi menyeluruh untuk meningkatkan efisiensi dan keberlanjutan sistem irigasi

Experimental Study on the Flexural Performance of Sustainable Composites Utilizing Processed Solar Panel Waste

The exponential rise in end-of-life photovoltaic (PV) waste necessitates innovative recycling pathways. This study pioneers the utilization of ground PV waste powder as a high-performance reinforcing filler in Digital Light Processing (DLP) 3D-printed resin composites. Three filler variations based on particle size SN 2 (coarse), SN 4 (medium), and SN 6 (fine) were incorporated into a photopolymer matrix and characterized using SEM-EDX, FTIR, and flexural testing. Results reveal a remarkable 73% increase in flexural strength, peaking at 33.11 MPa for the coarser SN 2 composite compared to 19.13 MPa for the neat resin. Morphological analysis (SEM) indicates that the angular Silicon-based particles in SN 2 effectively diverted crack propagation, transforming the fracture mechanism from brittle failure to a toughened, energy-absorbing mode. EDX analysis confirmed high Silicon purity in the reinforcing phase, while FTIR verified that the filler interaction remained purely physical, preserving the resin’s chemical stability. Interestingly, contrary to trends favoring ultra-fine fillers, the finest SN 6 fraction exhibited reduced performance due to particle agglomeration and impurity concentration (Rb/Nb) found in the dust. These findings demonstrate that upcycling PV waste into DLP materials offers a sustainable, low-cost solution that significantly enhances mechanical performance without requiring complex chemical modification

Analisis kelayakan Ekonomi Pembangunan Ruas Jalan Parungkuda – Cisaat Sukabumi

Pembangunan jalan di kabupaten sukabumi perlu ditunjang dengan jalan raya dan jembatan untuk memenuhi level of service terhadap jalur lintas penghubung tiap daerah. Wilayah dengan luas 4.162 Km atau sekitar 11,21% dari luas Jawa Barat, menjadikan Sukabumi tempat strategis untuk jalur penghubung darat antara Bandung dan Jakarta. Dengan demikian diperlukan analisis ekonomi jalan Parungkuda – Cisaat sebagai pendukung mobilitas dan aksestabilitas di wilayah utara kabupaten Sukabumi. Tujuan studi ini adalah untuk mengetahui tingkat kelayakan ekonomi rencana pembangunan ruas jalan Parungkuda – Cisaat. Digunakan metode analisis kuantitatif. Hasil studi ini mennujukan kelayakan ekonomi dengan saving Biaya Operasional Kendaraan (BOK) Rp12.454.764.718.364,00 serta nilai BCR 13,37. Selain itu hasil PDRB menunjukan NPV > 0 dan nilai EIRR 21,29%. Sehinggal studi ini memberikan kesimpulan bahwa rencana untuk membangun ruas jalan Parungkuda – Cisaat layak untuk dilaksanaka