Asteroseismology of the Beta Cephei star 12 (DD) Lacertae: photometric observations, pulsational frequency analysis and mode identification

We report a multisite photometric campaign for the Beta Cephei star 12 Lacertae. 750 hours of high-quality differential photoelectric Stromgren, Johnson and Geneva time-series photometry were obtained with 9 telescopes during 190 nights. Our frequency analysis results in the detection of 23 sinusoidal signals in the light curves. Eleven of those correspond to independent pulsation modes, and the remainder are combination frequencies. We find some slow aperiodic variability such as that seemingly present in several Beta Cephei stars. We perform mode identification from our colour photometry, derive the spherical degree l for the five strongest modes unambiguously and provide constraints on l for the weaker modes. We find a mixture of modes of 0 <= l <= 4. In particular, we prove that the previously suspected rotationally split triplet within the modes of 12 Lac consists of modes of different l; their equal frequency splitting must thus be accidental. One of the periodic signals we detected in the light curves is argued to be a linearly stable mode excited to visible amplitude by nonlinear mode coupling via a 2:1 resonance. We also find a low-frequency signal in the light variations whose physical nature is unclear; it could be a parent or daughter mode resonantly coupled. The remaining combination frequencies are consistent with simple light-curve distortions. The range of excited pulsation frequencies of 12 Lac may be sufficiently large that it cannot be reproduced by standard models. We suspect that the star has a larger metal abundance in the pulsational driving zone, a hypothesis also capable of explaining the presence of Beta Cephei stars in the LMC.Comment: 12 pages, 7 figures, MNRAS, in pres

Noseleaf Dynamics during Pulse Emission in Horseshoe Bats

Horseshoe bats emit their biosonar pulses nasally and diffract the outgoing ultrasonic waves by conspicuous structures that surrounded the nostrils. Here, we report quantitative experimental data on the motion of a prominent component of these structures, the anterior leaf, using synchronized laser Doppler vibrometry and acoustic recordings in the greater horseshoe bat (Rhinolophus ferrumequinum). The vibrometry data has demonstrated non-random motion patterns in the anterior leaf. In these patterns, the outer rim of the walls of the anterior leaf twitches forward and inwards to decrease the aperture of the noseleaf and increase the curvature of its surfaces. Noseleaf displacements were correlated with the emitted ultrasonic pulses. After their onset, the inward displacements increased monotonically towards their maximum value which was always reached within the duration of the biosonar pulse, typically towards its end. In other words, the anterior leaf’s surfaces were moving inwards during most of the pulse. Non-random motions were not present in all recorded pulse trains, but could apparently be switched on or off. Such switches happened between sequences of consecutive pulses but were never observed between individual pulses within a sequence. The amplitudes of the emitted biosonar pulse and accompanying noseleaf movement were not correlated in the analyzed data set. The measured velocities of the noseleaf surface were too small to induce Doppler shifts of a magnitude with a likely significance. However, the displacement amplitudes were significant in comparison with the overall size of the anterior leaf and the sound wavelengths. These results indicate the possibility that horseshoe bats use dynamic sensing principles on the emission side of their biosonar system. Given the already available evidence that such mechanisms exist for biosonar reception, it may be hypothesized that time-variant mechanisms play a pervasive role in the biosonar sensing of horseshoe bats

Csokonai könyvtár (Bibliotheca studiorum litterarium)

Mit jelent és mit jelöl a nemzeti irodalom fogalma? A magyar nyelven írott és áthagyományozásra érdemesnek tartott szépirodalmi szövegek összességét, melynek legalapvetőbb funkciója az egyéni identitás formálása, a hagyományközvetítés, s a nemzettudat képviselete, erősítése. Mégis, talán kevés olyan képlékeny, történetileg változó és ideológiákkal terhelt kategóriája van a magyar irodalomtörténet-írásnak, mint e fogalom, amelynek használatáról mindmáig nem alakult ki valódi közmegegyezés. Kötetünk debreceni irodalomtörténészi műhelyek kutatási eredményeiből ad válogatást. A tanulmányok egyrészt egy összeurópai kultúra kontextusába, vallási diskurzusok, történelmi események bonyolult összefüggésrendszerébe ágyazzák bele a nemzeti-közösségi identifikáció kérdéseit, másrészt fogalmi analízist adnak, hozzászólnak a nyelvújítás vitájához, elemzik a felvilágosodáskori magyar irodalom meghatározó beszédmódjait, Arany János irodalomszemléletét, betekintést nyújtanak a 19. századi irodalom és politika kapcsolatába, a 19. századi zsidó asszimiláció és a magyar irodalom alakulástörténetének összefüggéseibe.Előszó, 7-12. Bitskey István, A nemzetsors toposzai a 17. századi magyar irodalomban, 13-33. Bitskey István, Virtus és poézis, Az önszemlélet és nemzettudat toposzai Zrínyi műveiben, 34-65. Imre Mihály, A Balassi-kánon első változata, Az 1595-ös bártfai antológia, 66-122. Csorba Dávid, Az 1657-es év mint a nemzeti történelemszemlélet egyik irodalmi toposza, 123-154. Oláh Szabolcs, Líra, trópus, szubjektum és valóságképzet, A líra előtörténete a kora újkori lelki éneklés kultúratudományi távlatában, 155-196. Debreczeni Attila, Nemzet és identitás, 197-225. Imre László, A magyarság identitástudata a 19. században, A régi dicsőség ösztönző hatása a felvilágosodás és a reformkor magyar irodalmában, 226-235. S. Varga Pál, Mi a nemzeti irodalom? Mitől nemzeti az irodalom?, 236-259. Debreczeni Attila, Beszédmód és identitás a 18. század végének magyar irodalmi nyilvánosságában, 260-292. S. Varga Pál, „Mindenben ellenkezőképpen gondolkozunk", A hagyományközösségi paradigma elődeinek fellépése Kazinczyval szemben, 293-328. S. Varga Pál, A nemzeti irodalom hagyományközösségi paradigmájának elmélete és gyakorlata Arany Jánosnál, 329-409. Imre László, A nemzeti klasszicizmus koncepciója - egykor és ma, 410-419. Imre László, Deák Ferenc és a magyar irodalom, 420-434. Bényei Péter, „Elhagyva van, aki elhagyja magát", A nemzeti identitástudat kérdései a Zord időben, 435-484. Ács Gábor, Nemzetfelfogás és magyarságkép Kiss József költészetében, 485-516. Névmutató, 517-524

Mutually exclusive sense–antisense transcription at FLC facilitates environmentally induced gene repression

Antisense transcription through genic regions is pervasive in most genomes; however, its functional significance is still unclear. We are studying the role of antisense transcripts (COOLAIR) in the cold-induced, epigenetic silencing of Arabidopsis FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC), a regulator of the transition to reproduction. Here we use single-molecule RNA FISH to address the mechanistic relationship of FLC and COOLAIR transcription at the cellular level. We demonstrate that while sense and antisense transcripts can co-occur in the same cell they are mutually exclusive at individual loci. Cold strongly upregulates COOLAIR transcription in an increased number of cells and through the mutually exclusive relationship facilitates shutdown of sense FLC transcription in cis. COOLAIR transcripts form dense clouds at each locus, acting to influence FLC transcription through changed H3K36me3 dynamics. These results may have general implications for other loci showing both sense and antisense transcription

Roles of genetic polymorphisms in the folate pathway in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia evaluated by bayesian relevance and effect size analysis.

In this study we investigated whether polymorphisms in the folate pathway influenced the risk of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) or the survival rate of the patients. For this we selected and genotyped 67 SNPs in 15 genes in the folate pathway in 543 children with ALL and 529 controls. The results were evaluated by gender adjusted logistic regression and by the Bayesian network based Bayesian multilevel analysis of relevance (BN-BMLA) methods. Bayesian structure based odds ratios for the relevant variables and interactions were also calculated. Altogether 9 SNPs in 8 genes were associated with altered susceptibility to ALL. After correction for multiple testing, two associations remained significant. The genotype distribution of the MTHFD1 rs1076991 differed significantly between the ALL and control population. Analyzing the subtypes of the disease the GG genotype increased only the risk of B-cell ALL (p = 3.52x10(-4); OR = 2.00). The GG genotype of the rs3776455 SNP in the MTRR gene was associated with a significantly reduced risk to ALL (p = 1.21x10(-3); OR = 0.55), which resulted mainly from the reduced risk to B-cell and hyperdiploid-ALL. The TC genotype of the rs9909104 SNP in the SHMT1 gene was associated with a lower survival rate comparing it to the TT genotype (80.2% vs. 88.8%; p = 0.01). The BN-BMLA confirmed the main findings of the frequentist-based analysis and showed structural interactional maps and the probabilities of the different structural association types of the relevant SNPs especially in the hyperdiploid-ALL, involving additional SNPs in genes like TYMS, DHFR and GGH. We also investigated the statistical interactions and redundancies using structural model properties. These results gave further evidence that polymorphisms in the folate pathway could influence the ALL risk and the effectiveness of the therapy. It was also shown that in gene association studies the BN-BMLA could be a useful supplementary to the traditional frequentist-based statistical method

Distinct Effects of p19 RNA Silencing Suppressor on Small RNA Mediated Pathways in Plants

RNA silencing is one of the main defense mechanisms employed by plants to fight viruses. In change, viruses have evolved silencing suppressor proteins to neutralize antiviral silencing. Since the endogenous and antiviral functions of RNA silencing pathway rely on common components, it was suggested that viral suppressors interfere with endogenous silencing pathway contributing to viral symptom development. In this work, we aimed to understand the effects of the tombusviral p19 suppressor on endogenous and antiviral silencing during genuine virus infection. We showed that ectopically expressed p19 sequesters endogenous small RNAs (sRNAs) in the absence, but not in the presence of virus infection. Our presented data question the generalized model in which the sequestration of endogenous sRNAs by the viral suppressor contributes to the viral symptom development. We further showed that p19 preferentially binds the perfectly paired ds-viral small interfering RNAs (vsiRNAs) but does not select based on their sequence or the type of the 5’ nucleotide. Finally, co-immunoprecipitation of sRNAs with AGO1 or AGO2 from virus-infected plants revealed that p19 specifically impairs vsiRNA loading into AGO1 but not AGO2. Our findings, coupled with the fact that p19-expressing wild type Cymbidium ringspot virus (CymRSV) overcomes the Nicotiana benthamiana silencing based defense killing the host, suggest that AGO1 is the main effector of antiviral silencing in this host-virus combination

Loci Memoriae Hungaricae

Vorwort (Miklós Takács) - 7 ; Teil I: Galeerensklaverei László Zsigmond Bujtás: Die ungarischen Galeerensklaven-Prediger als Erinnerungsort in der Niederlande im 17–18. Jahrhundert - 11 ; Gábor Pusztai: Michiel de Ruyter in der ungarischen Erinnerung - 44 ; Márta Zsuzsanna Pintér: Theatrum Eperjesiensis. Das Schultheater in Preschau und die Darstellung der Galeerensklaven auf der Bühne - 58 ; Eva Kowalská: Exulanten und Galeerensklaven in den Dokumenten und als Erinnerungsort der slowakischen Lutheraner - 76 ; Dávid Csorba: Die Rezeption des Martyriums der ungarischen calvinistischen Galeerensklaven - 91 ; Gergely Tamás Fazakas: Die Erinnerung an die protestantischen Galeerensträflinge des 17. Jahrhunderts nach dem Freiheitskampf 1848/1849 in Debrecen - 104 ; Teil II: 1848 Pál S. Varga: „Die Menschensaaten wurden zu nichte“ – ZumVerhältnis von individuellen und kollektiven Erfahrungen in der ungarischen Lyrik nach dem Freiheitskampf 1848/49 - 131 ; Péter Bényei: Kollektives Trauma, kommunikatives Gedächtnis: 1848/49 als Erinnerungsort im Novellenzyklus von Mór Jókai Schlachtenbilder und Scenen aus Ungarns Revolution 1848 und 1849) - 139 ; Orsolya Manhercz: Das Gedächtnis von 1848–1849 im Spiegel der Kaiserreise von 1852 - 161 ; Kálmán Kovács: Ban Joseph Jellačić von Bužim als „treuer Diener“ der Stephanskrone. Das reichspatriotische Festspiel Croatiens Jubel von Jellačić - 174 ; Wolfgang Häusler: Wien und Ungarn 1848/49 – Denkmäler und Stätten revolutionärer Erinnerung - 193 ; AutorInnen - 240 ; Namensregister - 24