Estrés laboral y tecnoestrés : un nuevo reto para los recursos humanos

La presencia de las nuevas tecnologías en un gran número de los puestos de trabajo actuales hace que se presenten nuevas situaciones y desaflos a los que hay que dar respuesta. Si el estrés ya forma parte de la vida de muchos trabajadores, la introducción de sistemas informatizados ha dado lugar a un nuevo tipo, el denominado tecnoestrés, definido como "una nueva enfermedad causada por la incapacidad para enfrentarse a las nuevas tecnologías de un modo psicológicamente saludable ". En el presente artículo analizaremos cómo se produce este fenómeno, sus consecuencias y posibles maneras de reducirlo.___________________________The presence of the new technologies in a large number of the current jobs brings new situations and challenges what it is necessary to give answer. If the laboral stress is already part of the life of many workers, the introduction of computerized systems has given place to a new type called technostress, defined as "a modern disease of adaptation caused by an inability to cope with the new computer technologies in a healthy manner". In our article we will analyze how its takes place this phenomenon, its consequences and possible ways of reducing it

Effect of Exercise Intensity and Thermal Strain on Wildland Firefighters' Central Nervous System Fatigue

[EN] The arduous conditions (i.e., harsh environmental conditions, high physical and mental demands) in which wildland firefighters (WFFs) have to perform their work during wildfire suppression can lead to states of both physical and mental fatigue. Although several studies have delved into the first type of fatigue, there is a paucity of research on the decrease in WFFs’ cognitive performance. A decreased cognitive performance has been observed throughout multi-day suppression tasks, which could lead to poor decision-making and have unintended consequences on deployments. To our knowledge, the acute effect of tasks performed by WFFs on cognitive fatigue has not been studied. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the effect of performing a specific circuit, which simulated the tasks performed by WFFs in their deployments, on central nervous system fatigue. Ten WFFs (34.4 ± 5.6 yr, 182.9 ± 6.1 cm and 92.8 ± 14.9 kg) participated in the study, who performed a field test composed of 4 specific tasks commonly used in their deployments. Each task was executed for 5 min interspersed by 90 s of recovery. This interval bout was repeated twice with 10 min of recovery in between. During the test heart rate (HR) and core temperature (CT) response were monitored. Both variables were used to calculate the physiological strain index (PSI). In addition, before and at the end of the field test, subjects’ critical flicker fusion (CFF) threshold was measured. The results obtained showed that the WFFs performed a high-exercise demand (mean HR, 85.3 ± 2.5% of maximal HR; CT, 38.3 ± 0.4 ºC and PSI, 6.0 ± 0.7). Despite this, CFF threshold measurements showed an increase (6.0 ± 6.0%, p 90%), TC and PSI were found (r = -0.71, -0.74 and -0.69, respectively). In conclusion, the specific field test led an enhancement of sensory sensitivity and cortical arousal. However, the correlations found seem to indicate the potential negative effect of high-intensity exercise and thermal strain on central nervous system fatigue

Distributed nonlinear model and fast analysis for in-band IMD3 prediction of surface acoustic wave resonators

The motivation of this work is to analyze the in-band intermodulation distortion (IMD) occurring in surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices, using a recently developed fast method based on the input–output equivalent sources (IOES). The method calculates the equivalent current sources of a given harmonic (H) or IMD, which when applied at the boundaries of any uniform nonlinear region produce the same nonlinearities as the full distributed circuit. The accuracy of the method is validated with a very simplified SAW resonator with ten digits, which is modeled by a discretized Mason-based circuit. The IOES method provides equal results to the ones obtained through harmonic balance (HB) simulations, performed by means of commercial software, being the first 1000 times faster. Once the accuracy of the method is guaranteed, it is used to analyze the measured in-band IMD3 of several lithium tantalite 42° cut leaky SAW (LSAW) resonators with different pitches and duty factors at the B66 long term evolution (LTE) frequency band. Those resonators are comprised of 100 and 20 electrode pairs for the active region and each of the reflectors, respectively, which implies the analysis of a very large distributed nonlinear problem with thousands of nonlinear local sources. The IOES method takes 35.4 s in simulating 51 frequency points, whereas this simulation is not possible using a commercial HB simulator on a general-purpose computer.This work was supported in part by the Spanish Gov. through grants PID2020-118410RB-C21 and PID2020-113832RB-C21 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/50110001103 and by the Catalan Gov. under grant 2017 SGR-813.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Neumonía trombopenia y afectación hepática en un caso de fiebre Q aguda

PneumoniaFebr

Diseño de medios quirales basados en estructuras individuales bidimensionales

In this paper, we present a new way of constructing chiral media, in 8.2-12.4 GHz band, starting from achiral individual metallic elements (right angle). We showed that an appropriate distribution of such inclusions in a dielectric host responds in a manner consistent to that obtained with other media constructed using chiral metal inclusions. Appropriately modifying the size and spatial distribution of right angles is possible to model the response of these media. The media manufactured by the inclusion of right angles can be fabricated using technology printed circuit board (PCB).Ingeniería, Industria y Construcció

Diseño de medios quirales basados en la distribución ordenada de manivelas

In this communication, the experimental results obtained from the measurements of evenly distributed metallic cranks on a dielectric plate substrate is presented. The effect we have analyzed is the rotation of the polarization plane of an electromagnetic wave, both in free space and inside a circular waveguide. It is shown that the rotation of the polarization plane by some distributions of cranks, with specific symmetry properties, can be explicitly ascribed to a chirality effect.Ingeniería, Industria y Construcció

Developing Chiral Media Based on the Inclusion of Metallic Cranks

A review of the manufacturing techniques for developing chiral media based on the inclusion of cranks is presented. Chirality is usually obtained by a randomdistribution of helices in a host medium. Here the chiral elements are obtained by bending thin metal-wires in three segments. We will show that a random distribution of cranks is able of rotate the polarization angle of the transmitted linearly polarized wave at microwave frequencies. This effect can be enhanced by the precise location of cranks forming a 2D periodic lattice. Several structures are analyzed looking for isotropy, reciprocity and homogeneity.Ingeniería, Industria y Construcció