How Class And Race Shape Latino Experiences At Elite Colleges And Universities

This doctoral dissertation is a study of Latinos at elite colleges and universities. I compare Latino students among themselves across multiple lines of difference — including race, socioeconomic status, generational status, and gender — in order to understand how Latino students’ demographic characteristics, financial situations, other pre-college experiences, and institutional attributes affect Latino students’ academic performance, identity, and physical and emotional health. I perform univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses on the National Longitudinal Survey of Freshmen (NLSF), a five-wave longitudinal survey that follows a cohort of 3,924 randomly selected students among the 1999 incoming freshman classes at 28 selective institutions of higher education. My results suggest that all Latinos do not experience similar outcomes in these environs. Among Latinos from wealthier backgrounds, the culture of affluence actually proved dangerous to students’ independence, their mental health, and, by extension, their academic performance. But poorer Latino students’ health, happiness, and studies suffer as a direct result of the financial burdens they and their families face as they struggle to pay for their education and to help support themselves and their families. Black Latinos were more likely to feel victimized on campus, and to endure higher rates of depression as a result. Mixed-race and middle-class Latinos seemed to find the best, most even-keeled minority path of social mobility at elite colleges and universities. These results lend credence to the hypothesis that elite colleges and universities are institutions that maintain existing systems of social stratification and enact their reifying processes, thereby conferring relative advantages on those who are already systemically advantaged. These results also support further inquiry into “minority paths to mobility,” or research that examines the ways in which minorities may attain social mobility without following older, more traditional paths that require them to lose their culture in order to “assimilate” into the mainstream

Pulp-based computing: A framework for building computers out of paper

In this video, we describe a series of techniques for building sensors, actuators and circuit boards that behave, look, and feel like paper. By embedding electro-active inks, conductive threads and smart materials directly into paper during the papermaking process, we have developed seamless composites that are capable of supporting new and unexpected application domains in ubiquitous and pervasive computing at affordable costs

PREVALÊNCIA DE COVID-19 E FATORES ASSOCIADOS ENTRE SERVIDORES PÚBLICOS

Objetivo: identificar a prevalência da Covid-19 e fatores associados entre servidores públicos do município de João Pessoa, Paraíba. Método: estudo transversal, analítico, realizado com 373 servidores de João Pessoa, Paraíba. Utilizou-se informações do portal de Vigilância em Saúde do estado sobre a evolução da Covid-19. A população do estudo foram os servidores públicos que realizaram o teste RT-PCR para a Covid-19 entre abril e junho de 2021. Realizou-se estatística descritiva e inferencial. Resultados: prevalência de Covid-19 foi de 19,8%; sexo feminino tem chances reduzidas para apresentar diagnóstico positivo da doença; anosmia esteve associada com o diagnóstico da referida infecção. Conclusão: disponibilidade de equipamentos de proteção individual, medidas para higienização das mãos, estímulo à vacinação e reorganização do espaço são algumas das estratégias para a garantia da segurança dos trabalhadores no ambiente de trabalho. Descritores: COVID-19. Teste para COVID-19. Saúde Ocupacional. Saúde Pública. Prevenção de Doenças

Cuidados de enfermagem na hemorragia pós-parto / Nursing care in postpartum hemorrhage

A hemorragia pós-parto constitui a complicação obstétrica com maior morbimortalidade materna em todo o mundo. É um problema de saúde importante e pode ser causada por atonia uterina, retenção de tecido placentário, trauma ou distúrbios de coagulação. Este estudo objetivou descrever os cuidados de enfermagem na hemorragia pós-parto através de uma pesquisa bibliográfica do tipo revisão integrativa da literatura com abordagem qualitativa dos estudos, consultou-se as bases de dados da National Library of Medicine e Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde utilizando-se de estudos disponíveis em sua totalidade, publicados nos anos de 2018 até 2021 nos idiomas Português, Espanhol e inglês. Os onze estudos apresentam as principais causas, fatores de risco da hemorragia pós-parto e discorrem acerca das atribuições da enfermagem obstétrica e das práticas realizadas nas complicações à puérpera, além de medidas de prevenção da hemorragia pós-parto. Conclui-se que o enfermeiro obstetra é fundamental nos cuidados de enfermagem dentro da obstetrícia, cabe a ele, prestar assistência adequada, afim de intervir para a prevenção e recuperação dessa complicação obstétrica

Ectopic expression of Kip-related proteins restrains root-knot nematode-feeding site expansion

The development of nematode feeding sites induced by root-knot nematodes involves the synchronized activation of cell cycle processes such as acytokinetic mitoses and DNA amplification. A number of key cell cycle genes are reported to be critical for nematode feeding site development. However, it remains unknown whether plant cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors such as the Arabidopsis interactor/inhibitor of CDK (ICK)/Kip-related protein (KRP) family are involved in nematode feeding site development. This study demonstrates the involvement of Arabidopsis ICK2/KRP2 and ICK1/KRP1 in the control of mitosis to endoreduplication in galls induced by the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita. ! Using ICK/KRP promoter-GUS fusions and mRNA in situ hybridizations, we showed that ICK2/KRP2, ICK3/KRP5 and ICK4/KRP6 are expressed in galls after nematode infection. Loss-of-function mutants have minor effects on gall development and nematode reproduction. Conversely, overexpression of both ICK1/KRP1 and ICK2/KRP2 impaired mitosis in giant cells and blocked neighboring cell proliferation, resulting in a drastic reduction of gall size. ! Studying the dynamics of protein expression demonstrated that protein levels of ICK2/ KRP2 are tightly regulated during giant cell development and reliant on the presence of the nematode. ! This work demonstrates that impeding cell cycle progression by means of ICK1/KRP1 and ICK2/KRP2 overexpression severely restricts gall development, leading to a marked limitation of root-knot nematode development and reduced numbers of offsprin

SUCCESSIONAL PATTERN AND PROCESS IN SECONDARY FORESTS OF DIFFERENT AGES IN THE EASTERN AMAZON

A maioria dos estudos de sucess\ue3o em florestas secund\ue1rias na Amaz\uf4nia avalia s\uedtios de diferentes idades, que representam uma cronoseq\ufc\ueancia sucessional, em vez de monitorar um \ufanico s\uedtio por v\ue1rios anos pelo invent\ue1rio cont\uednuo. Este estudo comparou a composi\ue7\ue3o e estrutura flor\uedsticas de esp\ue9cies arb\uf3reas com di\ue2metro a 1,3 m de altura (DAP) 65 1 cm, em s\uedtios com 4 e 12 anos na Amaz\uf4nia Oriental, e avaliou a mortalidade e o recrutamento em ambos os s\uedtios baseados em dados de invent\ue1rio cont\uednuo durante 4 anos de estudo. As \ue1reas de estudo foram abandonadas ap\uf3s m\ufaltiplos ciclos de uso agr\uedcola de 7 a 10 anos, desde ~1940. Ambos os s\uedtios s\ue3o dominados pelas esp\ue9cies arb\uf3reas Lacistema pubescens e Vismia guianensis , com densidade de indiv\uedduos, di\ue2metro, altura, \ue1rea basal e riqueza de esp\ue9cies significativamente maiores no s\uedtio de 12 anos. A densidade de indiv\uedduos, ao longo do tempo, foi crescente no s\uedtio de 4 anos e decrescente no de 12 anos; o di\ue2metro, a altura e a \ue1rea basal aumentaram nos dois s\uedtios. No s\uedtio de 4 anos, foi constatada uma taxa de recrutamento l\uedquido crescente entre 2000-2001 e 2001-2002, que diminuiu entre 2002-2003, indicando redu\ue7\ue3o gradual na coloniza\ue7\ue3o. No s\uedtio de 12 anos, foi observada alta mortalidade l\uedquida (13 e 11%), sobretudo nas duas primeiras avalia\ue7\uf5es, indicando o processo de autodesbaste. A combina\ue7\ue3o dos m\ue9todos de cronoseq\ufc\ueancia e invent\ue1rio cont\uednuo aumenta substancialmente o entendimento do desenvolvimento sucessional.Most published studies of secondary forest succession in the Amazon examine stands of different ages that represent a successional chronosequence, rather than monitoring a single stand over the long-term. This study compares floristic composition and structure of tree species with diameter at 1.3 m height (DBH) 65 1 cm in a 4-year-old and a 12-year-old re-growth stand in the Eastern Amazon, and examines mortality and recruitment occurring within both stands based on repeated sampling carried out annually for four years. The study areas were abandoned after multiple agricultural cicles that lasted 7 to 10 years, beginning in ~1940. Both stands are largely dominated by the same tree species Lacistema pubescens and Vismia guianensis , with significantly higher stem density, diameter, height, basal area and species richness in the 12-year-old stand. In the 4-year-old stand there were measured an increase in annual net recruitment during the first two data collection periods but relatively lower net recruitment during the last evaluation period, indicating on-going but gradually weakening colonization. There were registered a high net mortality during the first two data collection periods in the 12-years-old stand with a relatively lower net mortality during the last evaluation indicating rapid self thinning. When used in combination, the chronosequence and the longitudinal approaches significantly strengthen the understanding of successional development

Alternative Presents for Dynamic Fabric

In this paper we investigate how a combination of "speculative" design methods can be used to generate theoretical understandings for dynamic, colour-changing fabrics for garments. Specifically, we combine a first-person, autobiographical, research through design (RtD) approach that draws strategies from speculative design. We call this approach alternative presents, inspired by the work of James Auger, and explore it as a way to generate theoretical propositions for dynamic fabric that emphasize the lived experience over technological innovation. The contributions of this framing are twofold. Firstly, we offer a theoretical contribution to the literature on dynamic fabric. Secondly, we make a methodological contribution for how autobiographical design and RtD can be oriented speculatively to generate intermediate knowledge, with particular emphasis on social-technical aspects

Neuropsychiatric manifestations and sleep disturbances with dolutegravir-based antiretroviral therapy versus standard of care in children and adolescents: a secondary analysis of the ODYSSEY trial

BACKGROUND: Cohort studies in adults with HIV showed that dolutegravir was associated with neuropsychiatric adverse events and sleep problems, yet data are scarce in children and adolescents. We aimed to evaluate neuropsychiatric manifestations in children and adolescents treated with dolutegravir-based treatment versus alternative antiretroviral therapy. METHODS: This is a secondary analysis of ODYSSEY, an open-label, multicentre, randomised, non-inferiority trial, in which adolescents and children initiating first-line or second-line antiretroviral therapy were randomly assigned 1:1 to dolutegravir-based treatment or standard-of-care treatment. We assessed neuropsychiatric adverse events (reported by clinicians) and responses to the mood and sleep questionnaires (reported by the participant or their carer) in both groups. We compared the proportions of patients with neuropsychiatric adverse events (neurological, psychiatric, and total), time to first neuropsychiatric adverse event, and participant-reported responses to questionnaires capturing issues with mood, suicidal thoughts, and sleep problems. FINDINGS: Between Sept 20, 2016, and June 22, 2018, 707 participants were enrolled, of whom 345 (49%) were female and 362 (51%) were male, and 623 (88%) were Black-African. Of 707 participants, 350 (50%) were randomly assigned to dolutegravir-based antiretroviral therapy and 357 (50%) to non-dolutegravir-based standard-of-care. 311 (44%) of 707 participants started first-line antiretroviral therapy (ODYSSEY-A; 145 [92%] of 157 participants had efavirenz-based therapy in the standard-of-care group), and 396 (56%) of 707 started second-line therapy (ODYSSEY-B; 195 [98%] of 200 had protease inhibitor-based therapy in the standard-of-care group). During follow-up (median 142 weeks, IQR 124–159), 23 participants had 31 neuropsychiatric adverse events (15 in the dolutegravir group and eight in the standard-of-care group; difference in proportion of participants with ≥1 event p=0·13). 11 participants had one or more neurological events (six and five; p=0·74) and 14 participants had one or more psychiatric events (ten and four; p=0·097). Among 14 participants with psychiatric events, eight participants in the dolutegravir group and four in standard-of-care group had suicidal ideation or behaviour. More participants in the dolutegravir group than the standard-of-care group reported symptoms of self-harm (eight vs one; p=0·025), life not worth living (17 vs five; p=0·0091), or suicidal thoughts (13 vs none; p=0·0006) at one or more follow-up visits. Most reports were transient. There were no differences by treatment group in low mood or feeling sad, problems concentrating, feeling worried or feeling angry or aggressive, sleep problems, or sleep quality. INTERPRETATION: The numbers of neuropsychiatric adverse events and reported neuropsychiatric symptoms were low. However, numerically more participants had psychiatric events and reported suicidality ideation in the dolutegravir group than the standard-of-care group. These differences should be interpreted with caution in an open-label trial. Clinicians and policy makers should consider including suicidality screening of children or adolescents receiving dolutegravir