Emotional Intelligence in Times of Covid-19: a Comparative Study in Peruvian Universities

Objective:The aim of the study was to compare emotional intelligence in Peruvian university students from public and private universities.Theoretical framework: In higher education, emotionally intelligent students have the ability to interact appropriately with others, achieve good academic results, and reach personal and professional goals.Method: The methodology was descriptive-comparative, the sample consisted of 838 university students of both sexes from public (471) and private (364) universities belonging to the coast, highlands and jungle regions of Peru. A sociodemographic form created for the study and the emotional intelligence scale (TMMS-24) were used as measurement instruments.Results and conclusion:The results showed that university students over 30 years of age, women, those from the highlands and those who worked had high levels of emotional intelligence.Implications of the research:It is necessary for university institutions to reorganize their academic conditions and provide the necessary inputs to apply socioemotional strategies to students. Researchers linked to the lines of research on emotional intelligence should develop predictive studies to know which factors may be predicting adequate or inadequate emotional intelligence in university students.Originality:This study demonstrates that it is essential to attend to and provide emotional intelligence tools to those students whodo not have the necessary resources to face different situations in the face of the COVID-19 pandemic and contributes to the training of educators, especially environmental educators in crisis contexts

Creativitat digital

Descripció del recurs: 6 novembre 2023El segon volum de la col·lecció «Diàlegs UPCArts» ens introdueix en el món de la creativitat digital, amb la voluntat d’incorporar elements que facilitin l’establiment d’un diàleg humanístic envers alguns dels seus conceptes més vigents: les aplicacions artístiques i tècniques, àmbits d'actuació, components ètics i exploracions reflexives teòriques i experimentals en diferents camps creatius. Partim de les aportacions de referents en la matèria, que ens n'ofereixen diferents perspectives sobre la creativitat a l'era de la digitalització, tant des de l’òptica històrica, com la tècnica, l'artística i l’ètica. La necessitat d’establir marcs de col·laboració transdisciplinaris pren una rellevància cabdal per aprofundir en la comprensió del que amaga el concepte de creativitat digital i l'ús emergent de la intel·ligència artificial en aquest àmbit. Finalment, es mostren també tres experiències pràctiques vinculades al context universitari, on la intel·ligència artificial generativa ha penetrat ja de forma destacada, tant en el context acadèmic com pel desenvolupament d’altres iniciatives. Disposeu aquí, doncs, d’un nou diàleg UPCArts que vol promoure i posar de manifest la importància d’establir una comunicació humanística entre la tècnica i l'art, en relació amb la creativitat digital, en el marc universitari però obrint la universitat al món.

Cross-national measurement invariance of the Purpose in Life Test in seven Latin American countries

"The Purpose in Life Test (PIL) is a measure of purpose in life widely used in many cultures and countries; however, cross-cultural assessments are scarce. The present study aimed to evaluate the cross-cultural measurement invariance of the PIL in the general population of seven Latin American countries (Colombia, Ecuador, El Salvador, Mexico, Paraguay, Argentina, and Uruguay). A total of 4306 people participated, selected by non-probabilistic convenience sampling, where Uruguay has the highest mean age (M = 41.8; SD = 16.6 years); while Ecuador has the lowest mean age (M = 24.6; SD = 7.8 years). Furthermore, in each country, there is a higher proportion of women (>60%) than men (<40%). Using Multi-Group Confirmatory Factor Analysis, the factorial structure does not show evidence of invariance among the included countries. However, based on the Multi-Group Factor Analysis Alignment, there is evidence that a three-dimensional structure of the PIL (Meaning of existence, Freedom to make meaning in daily life and Will to find meaning in the face of future challenges) is the same in the participating countries. Results based on item response theory indicate that most PIL items can significantly differentiate responses according to the level of life purpose. In addition, people with low life purpose will tend to choose the lower response alternatives on the PIL; while people with higher life purpose will choose higher response alternatives. The findings indicate that the PIL has the potential to increase knowledge about how people conceive and experience their purpose in life in different countries.

SOCIO-DEMOGRAPHIC VARIABLES, FEAR OF COVID-19, ANXIETY, AND DEPRESSION: PREVALENCE, RELATIONSHIPS AND EXPLANATORY MODEL IN THE GENERAL POPULATION OF SEVEN LATIN AMERICAN COUNTRIES

The COVID-19 pandemic has gravely impacted Latin America. A model was tested that evaluated the contribution of socio-demographic factors and fear of COVID-19 on anxiety and depression in samples of residents in seven Latin American countries (Argentina, Ecuador, Mexico, Paraguay, Uruguay, Colombia, and El Salvador). A total of 4,881 individuals, selected by convenience sampling, participated in the study. Moderate and severe levels of depressive symptoms and anxiety were identified, as well as a moderate average level of fear of COVID-19. In addition, it was observed that about a quarter of the participants presented symptoms of generalized anxiety disorder and a major depressive episode. Fear of COVID-19 significantly and positively predicted anxiety and depressive symptoms, whereas the effects of socio-demographic variables are generally low [χ2(287) = 5936.96, p < 0.001; RMSEA = 0.064 [0.062, 0.065]; CFI = 0.947; and SRMR = 0.050]. This suggests the need for the implementation of preventive actions in the general population of these countries, with the aim of reducing the prevalence of depressive, anxious and fearful symptoms related to COVID-19

Treatment with tocilizumab or corticosteroids for COVID-19 patients with hyperinflammatory state: a multicentre cohort study (SAM-COVID-19)

Objectives: The objective of this study was to estimate the association between tocilizumab or corticosteroids and the risk of intubation or death in patients with coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) with a hyperinflammatory state according to clinical and laboratory parameters. Methods: A cohort study was performed in 60 Spanish hospitals including 778 patients with COVID-19 and clinical and laboratory data indicative of a hyperinflammatory state. Treatment was mainly with tocilizumab, an intermediate-high dose of corticosteroids (IHDC), a pulse dose of corticosteroids (PDC), combination therapy, or no treatment. Primary outcome was intubation or death; follow-up was 21 days. Propensity score-adjusted estimations using Cox regression (logistic regression if needed) were calculated. Propensity scores were used as confounders, matching variables and for the inverse probability of treatment weights (IPTWs). Results: In all, 88, 117, 78 and 151 patients treated with tocilizumab, IHDC, PDC, and combination therapy, respectively, were compared with 344 untreated patients. The primary endpoint occurred in 10 (11.4%), 27 (23.1%), 12 (15.4%), 40 (25.6%) and 69 (21.1%), respectively. The IPTW-based hazard ratios (odds ratio for combination therapy) for the primary endpoint were 0.32 (95%CI 0.22-0.47; p < 0.001) for tocilizumab, 0.82 (0.71-1.30; p 0.82) for IHDC, 0.61 (0.43-0.86; p 0.006) for PDC, and 1.17 (0.86-1.58; p 0.30) for combination therapy. Other applications of the propensity score provided similar results, but were not significant for PDC. Tocilizumab was also associated with lower hazard of death alone in IPTW analysis (0.07; 0.02-0.17; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Tocilizumab might be useful in COVID-19 patients with a hyperinflammatory state and should be prioritized for randomized trials in this situatio

Reflexiones sobre educación

El siguiente texto paralelo abarca una serie de reflexiones que tiene que ver con la educación, el aprendizaje, las metodologías educativas, la evaluación, los jóvenes y el uso de las tecnologías como medio para la educación, generados a partir de los estudios dentro de la especialización. Las reflexiones contribuyen al tan esperado mejoramiento de la calidad de la educación superior.Especialista en Docencia Universitari

El desarrollo de las competencias socioemotivas en adolescentes de bachillerato

La presente tesis profundiza los constructos teóricos inteligencia emocional y competencias socioemotivas. Para esto se analiza los cambios que han sucedido a nivel familiar, así como el desarrollo de las competencias socioemotivas en las diferentes familias; se explica además la mediación pedagógica y la necesidad actual de los mediadores afectivos dentro de la educación. Se realiza un recorrido breve de los vocablos emoción e inteligencia, así como una explicación de las teorías modernas de la inteligencia: la teoría triárquica, la teoría de las inteligencias múltiples y la teoría de la inteligencia emocional. De esta última se expone los conceptos actuales, los modelos existentes, sus autores, instrumentos de medición y las críticas que tiene. Finalmente se presentan los resultados obtenidos sobre el desarrollo de las competencias socioemotivas en adolescentes de bachillerato en uno de los colegio de la ciudad de Cuenca a través del Inventario de Coeficiente Emocional de Reuven Baron.Magíster en Educación y Desarrollo del PensamientoCuenc

Estudio de la psicología humanista

Profesor de Segunda Enseñanza. Especialidad de Psicología y PedagogíaCuenc

Estructura factorial y fiabilidad del Cuestionario de Salud General de Goldberg (GHQ-12) en universitarios ecuatorianos

Factor structure and reliability of the Goldberg General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) in ecuadorian university students. Mental health measurement instruments are not adapted and validated in Ecuadorian and this makes it difficult for work’s psychologist. Aims: Checking the GHQ-12 model like a single factor, and decide the reliability and validity of the test. Design: Quantitative instrumental study with a multivariate analysis of the items, factorial and internal consistency using the Goldberg General Health Questionnaire of 12 items. Sample: 587 university students (71.4% women), with an average age of M = 21.2 years, in Ambato (50.5%) and Cuenca (49.5%) cities from Ecuador and in three universities centers. Outcomes: The one-dimensional model with correlated errors of the GHQ-12 is confirmed X2(39)= 65.7; X2/Df = 1.7; GFI = .96; CFI = .96; NFI = .92; RMSEA =.053 [.029 -.075]. The test’s reliability is adequate ? = .84 and converges with psychological well-being r = .674. Conclusions: The GHQ-12 presents evidence of validity for use in mental health assessments based on the sampleLos instrumentos de medición sobre la salud mental no están adaptados y validados en ecuatorianos y esto dificulta el quehacer del psicólogo. Objetivos: Verificar el modelo del GHQ-12 de un solo factor, y determinar la fiabilidad y validez. Diseño: Estudio cuantitativo instrumental con análisis multivariados de los ítems, factorial y de consistencia interna con el Cuestionario de Salud General de Goldberg de 12 ítems. Muestra: 587 universitarios (71.4% mujeres), con una media de edad M = 21.2 años, de las ciudades de Ambato (50.5%) y Cuenca (49.5%) en Ecuador y de tres centros universitarios. Resultados: Se confirma el modelo unidimensional con errores correlacionados del GHQ-12 X2(39) = 65.7; X2/Df = 1.7; GFI = .96; CFI = .96; NFI = .92; RMSEA = .053 [.029 – .075]. La fiabilidad de la prueba es adecuada ? = 0.84 y converge con el Bienestar Psicológico r = .674. Conclusiones: El GHQ-12 presenta evidencias de validez para uso en evaluaciones sobre salud mental con base en la muestra investigada.investigate