Estudio in vitro de la actividad citotóxica de resinas dentales tipo BIS-GMA

Las resinas composites se emplean desde hace varias décadas en distintas aplicaciones estomatológicas, volviéndose indispensables para lograr una alta calidad en los servicios modernos. Uno de los monómeros acrílicos más utilizados en estos materiales poliméricos de recubrimiento es el 2-bis-[p-(2-hidroxi-3-metacriloxipropoxi) fenil] propano, conocido comúnmente como Bis- GMA. El conocimiento de las interacciones de estos materiales con el sistema biológico es de vital importancia debido al uso tan difundido de los mismos en la práctica clínica. El comportamiento de una célula viva en contacto con un material extraño es un problema esencial en las aplicaciones biomédicas de polímeros sintéticos. Los ensayos in vitro son sistemas muy útiles para la evaluación de los efectos biológicos de los biomateriales. En el laboratorio de Inmunofarmacología del INOR se llevó a cabo la evaluación de la toxicidad de dos resinas dentales tipo Bis-GMA producidas por el Centro de Biomateriales de la Universidad de La Habana: el Obtudent Fotocurado (FC), resina fotopolimerizable para restauraciones dentales y el Cubridem Autocurado (AC), sellante dental para fosas y fisuras. Este estudio forma parte de las evaluaciones preclínicas biológicas de biomateriales y equipos médicos implantables que se lleva a cabo en Cuba a través de la Red Funcional de Implantología del Ministerio de Salud Pública. Se aplicó el método de citotoxicidad in vitro descrito por Stanley para la evaluación toxicológica de materiales dentales. Ambos composites resultaron citotóxicos para la línea de fibroblastos L929, lo que se corresponde con lo descrito en la literatura para este tipo de material. Su citotoxicidad se encontró en el rango de la de los análogos comerciales evaluados.Peer Reviewe

Effects of carbohydrate–protein beverages on recovery of the exercise

Este artículo aporta una revisión del efecto de la coingesta de la proteína de suero de leche y proteína caseína administradas en bebidas carbohidratadas, sobre la recuperación y los parámetros del daño muscular en ejercicios de larga duración. La búsqueda se ha realizado en abril de 2013 en las bases de datos del ISI Web of Knowledge, SCOPUS, Sport Discuss, PubMed, Medline Sportdiscus, y en las bases de datos CINDOC en las redes CTI-CSIC, RESH, DICE y DIALNET cruzando los descriptores “Exercise”, “Resistance training” y “Recovery” con los términos “Ergogenic beverage”, “Casein Protein” y “Whey Protein”. La estrategia nutricional más respaldada es la ingesta de un preparado líquido carbohidratado en donde se combinan proteínas de diferentes fuentes sobre pruebas de esfuerzos prolongados similares a la competición tanto en deportes individuales como en colectivos, con resultados discrepantesThis manuscript shows a review about the effects of the whey and casein protein on recovery and parameters of muscle damage in long-term exercise. The search was conducted in April 2013 in the databases of ISI Web of Knowledge, SCOPUS, PubMed, Medline, SportDiscus, and databases on Spanish networks CINDOC CTI-CSIC, RESH, DICE, and DIALNET crossing the descriptors "Exercise", "Resistance training" and "Recovery" with the terms "Ergogenic Beverage", "Casein Protein" and "Whey Protein". The most used nutritional strategies are based in a carbohydrate beverage which combines different protein sources on prolonged exercise tests similar to sports competition, in both individual and collective sports, with discrepant result

Relación entre el rendimiento académico y autoconcepto en jugadoras de baloncesto de categoría cadete en competición nacional extraescolar

This research aims to study the relationship between the physical activity, self-concept and academic achievement ofparticipant’s basketball players in a women's championship national category. This descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted on a sample of 75 students between 12 and 16 years old of subject using as main tools the questionnaire: AF-5, sociodemographic (it includes academic qualifications and physical activity). On one hand, the result showed that the sport promotes the academic self-concept and it improves the academic achievement.  On the other hand, the family self-concept is clearly affected when the subject use too much time to do physical activities. However, the hours devoted to sport do not directly influence academic achievement. Therefore, the importance of physical activity to improve self-concept and academic achievement is demonstrated.Esta investigación tiene como objetivo estudiar las relaciones existentes entre la actividad física, el autoconcepto y el rendimiento académico enjugadoras de baloncesto en categoría cadete. Es un estudio de tipo descriptivo y de corte transversal, realizado sobre una muestra de 75 escolares con edades de entre 12 y 16 años. Se han empleado como instrumentos de análisis los cuestionarios: AF-5de García y Musitu (1999) yuna hoja de autoregistro (en el que se incluyen las calificaciones académicas y tiempo de práctica de actividad física). Los resultados revelan que la práctica deportiva favorece el autoconcepto académico, así como el rendimiento académico. La dimensión autoconcepto familiar se ve claramente afectada si se dedica mucho tiempo a la realización de actividad física. Aunque el número de horas de entrenamiento no influyen directamente en el rendimiento académico, sí se puede concluir que la práctica de actividad física mejora principalmente el autoconcepto y el rendimiento académico

Holistic screening of collapsing honey bee colonies in Spain: A case study

Background: Here we present a holistic screening of collapsing colonies from three professional apiaries in Spain. Colonies with typical honey bee depopulation symptoms were selected for multiple possible factors to reveal the causes of collapse. Results: Omnipresent were Nosema ceranae and Lake Sinai Virus. Moderate prevalences were found for Black Queen Cell Virus and trypanosomatids, whereas Deformed Wing Virus, Aphid Lethal Paralysis Virus strain Brookings and neogregarines were rarely detected. Other viruses, Nosema apis, Acarapis woodi and Varroa destructor were not detected. Palinologic study of pollen demonstrated that all colonies were foraging on wild vegetation. Consequently, the pesticide residue analysis was negative for neonicotinoids. The genetic analysis of trypanosomatids GAPDH gene, showed that there is a large genetic distance between Crithidia mellificae ATCC30254, an authenticated cell strain since 1974, and the rest of the presumed C. mellificae sequences obtained in our study or published. This means that the latter group corresponds to a highly differentiated taxon that should be renamed accordingly. Conclusion: The results of this study demonstrate that the drivers of colony collapse may differ between geographic regions with different environmental conditions, or with different beekeeping and agricultural practices. The role of other pathogens in colony collapse has to bee studied in future, especially trypanosomatids and neogregarines. Beside their pathological effect on honey bees, classification and taxonomy of these protozoan parasites should also be clarified

Large-scale temperature response to external forcing in simulations and reconstructions of the last millennium

Understanding natural climate variability and its driving factors is crucial to assessing future climate change. Therefore, comparing proxy-based climate reconstructions with forcing factors as well as comparing these with paleo-climate model simulations is key to gaining insights into the relative roles of internal versus forced variability. A review of the state of modelling of the climate of the last millennium prior to the CMIP5-PMIP3 (Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 5-Paleoclimate Modelling Intercomparison Project Phase 3) coordinated effort is presented and compared to the available temperature reconstructions. Simulations and reconstructions broadly agree on reproducing the major temperature changes and suggest an overall linear response to external forcing on multidecadal or longer timescales. Internal variability is found to have an important influence at hemispheric and global scales. The spatial distribution of simulated temperature changes during the transition from the Medieval Climate Anomaly to the Little Ice Age disagrees with that found in the reconstructions. Thus, either internal variability is a possible major player in shaping temperature changes through the millennium or the model simulations have problems realistically representing the response pattern to external forcing. A last millennium transient climate response (LMTCR) is defined to provide a quantitative framework for analysing the consistency between simulated and reconstructed climate. Beyond an overall agreement between simulated and reconstructed LMTCR ranges, this analysis is able to single out specific discrepancies between some reconstructions and the ensemble of simulations. The disagreement is found in the cases where the reconstructions show reduced covariability with external forcings or when they present high rates of temperature change

Effects of age vestibular and visual systems on the soleus H-reflex

The vestibular system, visual and proprioceptive pathways provide information about control of posture, movement and balance. Loss of postural control directly leads to a greater incidence of falling in the elderly population causing serious health problems. One important neuromuscular mechanism instrumental in the control of posture and balance is the reflex system. However, the age-related changes of vestibular and visual systems and their relationship with the reflex system are not clear. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of age, the vestibular and the visual systems on the modulation pattern of the soleus H reflex. Seventeen neurologically healthy volunteers were categorized by age in two groups: young (n = 8, mean age = 22.1 ± 5.0 yr.) and elderly (n = 9, mean age = 59.3 ± 12.8 yr.). Maximal soleus H-reflex (H-max) and motor response (M-max) amplitudes were determined prior to testing at each condition while subjects were lying supine on a tilt table for standardization. Stimulation intensity was set to evoke a 5-10% M-wave on each trial. Participants received 5 test H-reflex stimuli in two conditions, static 60º and dynamic 60º on a tilt table. Both tilt conditions were performed with vision and no vision. A 3-way repeated-measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) 2 (groups: young/old) x 2 (condition: static/dynamic) x 2(vision: vision/no vision) was used to assess changes in H-reflexes. All data were expressed relative to the H-reflex amplitude at 0º static on the tilt table. The results showed a significant 3-way interaction (p = .038). The old group showed greater H-reflex amplitude in the no vision condition at static 60º (vision:0.97; no vision:1.23) whereas in the young group less modulation was demonstrated in the same condition (vision:1.15; no vision:1.12). These results suggest in young subjects the vestibular system produced a suppression of the H-reflex with or without visual input; however, in the old group vision was necessary for this suppression. The interaction between the visual and vestibular systems as we age needs to be further explored.This work was funded by 2219- International Postdoctoral Research Scholarship Programme of The Scientific and Technical Research Council Of Turkey (TUBITAK) Scientific Human Resources Development. Award number:1059B191700345 and by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (PID2019-110074GB-8 I00/AEI/10.13039/501100011033)

Estudio in vitro de la actividad citotóxica de resinas dentales tipo BIS-GMA

Las resinas composites se emplean desde hace varias décadas en distintas aplicaciones estomatológicas, volviéndose indispensables para lograr una alta calidad en los servicios modernos. Uno de los monómeros acrílicos más utilizados en estos materiales poliméricos de recubrimiento es el 2-bis-[p-(2-hidroxi-3-metacriloxipropoxi) fenil] propano, conocido comúnmente como Bis- GMA. El conocimiento de las interacciones de estos materiales con el sistema biológico es de vital importancia debido al uso tan difundido de los mismos en la práctica clínica. El comportamiento de una célula viva en contacto con un material extraño es un problema esencial en las aplicaciones biomédicas de polímeros sintéticos. Los ensayos in vitro son sistemas muy útiles para la evaluación de los efectos biológicos de los biomateriales. En el laboratorio de Inmunofarmacología del INOR se llevó a cabo la evaluación de la toxicidad de dos resinas dentales tipo Bis-GMA producidas por el Centro de Biomateriales de la Universidad de La Habana: el Obtudent Fotocurado (FC), resina fotopolimerizable para restauraciones dentales y el Cubridem Autocurado (AC), sellante dental para fosas y fisuras. Este estudio forma parte de las evaluaciones preclínicas biológicas de biomateriales y equipos médicos implantables que se lleva a cabo en Cuba a través de la Red Funcional de Implantología del Ministerio de Salud Pública. Se aplicó el método de citotoxicidad in vitro descrito por Stanley para la evaluación toxicológica de materiales dentales. Ambos composites resultaron citotóxicos para la línea de fibroblastos L929, lo que se corresponde con lo descrito en la literatura para este tipo de material. Su citotoxicidad se encontró en el rango de la de los análogos comerciales evaluados.Peer Reviewe