Inter-laboratory mass spectrometry dataset based on passive sampling of drinking water for non-target analysis

Non-target analysis (NTA) employing high-resolution mass spectrometry is a commonly applied approach for the detection of novel chemicals of emerging concern in complex environmental samples. NTA typically results in large and information-rich datasets that require computer aided (ideally automated) strategies for their processing and interpretation. Such strategies do however raise the challenge of reproducibility between and within different processing workflows. An effective strategy to mitigate such problems is the implementation of inter-laboratory studies (ILS) with the aim to evaluate different workflows and agree on harmonized/standardized quality control procedures. Here we present the data generated during such an ILS. This study was organized through the Norman Network and included 21 participants from 11 countries. A set of samples based on the passive sampling of drinking water pre and post treatment was shipped to all the participating laboratories for analysis, using one pre-defined method and one locally (i.e. in-house) developed method. The data generated represents a valuable resource (i.e. benchmark) for future developments of algorithms and workflows for NTA experiments

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Therapeutic hypothermia activates the endothelin and nitric oxide systems after cardiac arrest in a pig model of cardiopulmonary resuscitation

Post-cardiac arrest myocardial dysfunction is a major cause of mortality in patients receiving successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Mild therapeutic hypothermia (MTH) is the recommended treatment after resuscitation from cardiac arrest (CA) and is known to exert neuroprotective effects and improve short-term survival. Yet its cytoprotective mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, our aim was to determine the possible effect of MTH on vasoactive mediators belonging to the endothelin/nitric oxide axis in our porcine model of CA and CPR. Pigs underwent either untreated CA or CA with subsequent CPR. After state-of-the-art resuscitation, the animals were either left untreated, cooled between 32-34°C after ROSC or treated with a bolus injection of S-PBN (sodium 4-[(tert-butylimino) methyl]benzene-3-sulfonate N-oxide) until 180 min after ROSC, respectively. The expression of endothelin 1 (ET-1), endothelin converting enzyme 1 (ECE-1), and endothelin A and B receptors (ETAR and ETBR) transcripts were measured using quantitative real-time PCR while protein levels for the ETAR, ETBR and nitric oxide synthases (NOS) were assessed using immunohistochemistry and Western Blot. Our results indicated that the endothelin system was not upregulated at 30, 60 and 180 min after ROSC in untreated postcardiac arrest syndrome. Post-resuscitative 3 hour-long treatments either with MTH or S-PBN stimulated ET-1, ECE-1, ETAR and ETBR as well as neuronal NOS and endothelial NOS in left ventricular cardiomyocytes. Our data suggests that the endothelin and nitric oxide pathways are activated by MTH in the heart

Los sujetos en la institución

Post-cardiac arrest myocardial dysfunction is a major cause of mortality in patients receiving successful cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Mild therapeutic hypothermia (MTH) is the recommended treatment after resuscitation from cardiac arrest (CA) and is known to exert neuroprotective effects and improve short-term survival. Yet its cytoprotective mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, our aim was to determine the possible effect of MTH on vasoactive mediators belonging to the endothelin/nitric oxide axis in our porcine model of CA and CPR. Pigs underwent either untreated CA or CA with subsequent CPR. After state-of-the-art resuscitation, the animals were either left untreated, cooled between 32-34°C after ROSC or treated with a bolus injection of S-PBN (sodium 4-[(tert-butylimino) methyl]benzene-3-sulfonate N-oxide) until 180 min after ROSC, respectively. The expression of endothelin 1 (ET-1), endothelin converting enzyme 1 (ECE-1), and endothelin A and B receptors (ETAR and ETBR) transcripts were measured using quantitative real-time PCR while protein levels for the ETAR, ETBR and nitric oxide synthases (NOS) were assessed using immunohistochemistry and Western Blot. Our results indicated that the endothelin system was not upregulated at 30, 60 and 180 min after ROSC in untreated postcardiac arrest syndrome. Post-resuscitative 3 hour-long treatments either with MTH or S-PBN stimulated ET-1, ECE-1, ETAR and ETBR as well as neuronal NOS and endothelial NOS in left ventricular cardiomyocytes. Our data suggests that the endothelin and nitric oxide pathways are activated by MTH in the heart

Ervaringsdeskundigheid is 'geen beroep op zich': Inzet en integratie van ervaringsdeskundigheid in de GGZ

Publicatie over de rol van ervaringsdeskundigen in het GG

Effect of spinal immobilisation devices on radiation exposure in conventional radiography and computed tomography

Trauma patients at risk for, or suspected of, spinal injury are frequently transported to hospital using full spinal immobilisation. At the emergency department, immobilisation is often maintained until radiological work-up is completed. In this study, we examined how these devices influence radiation exposure and noise, as a proxy for objective image quality. Conventional radiographs (CR) and computer tomography (CT) scans were made using a phantom immobilised on two types of spineboard and a vacuum mattress and using two types of headblocks. Images were compared for radiation transmission and quantitative image noise. In CR, up to 23 % and, in CT, up to 11 % of radiation were blocked by the devices. Without compensation for the decreased transmission, noise increased by up to 16 % in CT, depending on the device used. Removing the headblocks led to a statistically significant improvement in transmission with automatic exposure control (AEC) enabled. Physicians should make an informed decision whether the increased radiation exposure outweighs the risk of missing a clinically significant injury by not making a CR or CT scan. Manufacturers of immobilisation devices should take radiological properties of their devices into account in the development and production process

Western Blot analysis of nNOS and eNOS.

<p>Cardiac left ventricle tissue homogenates from control animals with untreated cardiac arrest (C group), or after 180 min of untreated return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC180 group), after 180 min of mild therapeutic hypothermia (MTH group) or 180 min after S-PBN infusion (S-PBN group) were loaded on a 4–20% SDS-acrylamide gel. Bands for neuronal NOS (nNOS) (A), endothelial NOS (eNOS) (C) and β-actin (A and C) were detected at 160 kDa, 135 kDa and 42 kDa, respectively. Protein band intensities for nNOS (B) and eNOS (D) were quantified using a ChemiDoc XRS and Quantity One software and normalized to the loading control (β-actin). Error bars represent standard error of the mean (SEM). Significant results (p<0.01) are marked with (**), (p<0.001) are marked with (***).</p

Porcine primer sequences: forward (For.) and reverse (Rev.), with transcript (RT-PCR product) length and EMBL database accession number.

<p>(ET-1) Endothelin-1; (ETAR) Endothelin A-receptor; (ETBR) Endothelin B-receptor; (ECE-1) Endothelin-Converting-Enzyme-1; (SDH) Succinate Dehydrogenase.</p>*<p>GeneBank accession number at <a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov" target="_blank">www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov</a>.</p

Immunohistochemistry of ETAR.

<p>Cardiac left ventricular tissue from control animals with untreated cardiac arrest (A), or after 180 min of untreated return of spontaneous circulation (B), after 180 min of mild therapeutic hypothermia (C) or 180 min after S-PBN infusion (D) were stained with anti-ETAR. The amount of ETAR-positive cardiac cells was higher in pigs treated with mild therapeutic hypothermia (C) and S-PBN (D), respectively, compared to controls (A) and untreated animals (B).</p

Immunohistochemistry of nNOS.

<p>Cardiac left ventricular tissue from control animals with untreated cardiac arrest (A), or after 180 min of untreated return of spontaneous circulation (B), after 180 min of mild therapeutic hypothermia (C) or 180 min after S-PBN infusion (D) were stained with anti-nNOS. The amount of nNOS-positive cardiac cells was higher in animals treated with mild therapeutic hypothermia (C) and S-PBN (D), respectively compared to controls (A) and untreated animals (B).</p