La construcción de una metodología feminista cualitativa de enfoque narrativo-crítico

Se presenta una metodología cualitativa narrativa crítica como un formato posible y coherente con las bases teóricas de los feminismos, para mostrar la importancia política y ética de los proyectos feministas, en especial, el compromiso con el cambio socia l de la metodología feminista, y con la investigación en general. Con base epistemológica en los principios y criterios del Constructivismo Social , el Feminismo Post -Estructuralista y la Teoría Queer, la metodología utilizada como ejemplo para esta discusi ón fue aplicada en un estudio doctoral que investigó el proceso de construcción -deconstrucción de las subjetividades masculinas con un enfoque terapéutico, en el marco de un programa público de atención a hombres que ejercieron violencia contra mujeres. A través de este ejemplo empírico, se observó que este formato analítico ofrece herramientas para una reflexión crítica sobre las metodologías feministas. Se estableció que el uso de esta metodología específica permite una mejor visualización del problema de la violencia. Se destaca la necesidad de nuevos paradigmas que promuevan el compromiso ético y político, que incluyan contribuciones y permitan el diálogo con avances históricos feministas y estudios de hombres y masculinidades.A critical narrative qualitative methodology is presented as a possible and coherent format with the theoretical bases of feminisms, to show the political and ethical importance of feminist projects, especially the commitment to the social change of feminist methodology, and to the Research in general. With an epistemological basis in the principles and criteria of social co nstructivism, Post -Structural Feminism and Queer Theory, the methodology used a s an example for this discussion was applied in a doctoral study that investigated the process of construction -deconstruction of masculine subjectivities with a Therapeutic approach, within the framework of a public program of care for men who exercised vi olence against women. Through this empirical example, it was observed that this analytical format offers tools for a critical reflection on feminist methodologies. It was established that the use of this specific methodology allows a better visualization o f the problem of violence. It highlights the need for new paradigms that promote ethical and political commitment, which include contributions and allow dialogue with feminist historical advances and studies of men and masculinitie

Sucesso ou fracasso escolar: uma questão de relação professor-aluno

O presente trabalho propõe uma reflexão crítica acerca da possibilidade de promoção de sucesso na escola brasileira. Para isso, é necessário apresentar um panorama da Educação Básica no Brasil, a partir de dados estatísticos e da Constituição Federal. Em seguida, partindo de estudos e teorias de diversos autores da Psicologia e da Educação, faz-se uma revisão do conceito de fracasso escolar e possíveis forma de solucioná-lo que foram – ou não – tomadas no Brasil. Partindo-se da premissa que a alfabetização é fator indispensável ao sucesso escolar, optou-se por ilustrar e situar o leitor quanto à visão de alfabetização utilizada neste trabalho. Foi feita uma revisão do que os teóricos construtivistas e sócio-construtivistas consideram como sendo o processo de aquisição da leitura e da escrita, em especial as visões de Emilia Ferreiro e Vygotsky. Depois, tratando do sucesso escolar propriamente dito, discute-se a configuração da escola brasileira e as formas como ela trabalha, refletindo sobre as possibilidades de sucesso. Finalmente, discorre-se sobre os fatores que interferem no sucesso escolar, promovendo-o ou impedindo-o, e apresenta-se a ótica da relação professor-aluno, como forma de encontrar um caminho para o sucesso escolar. Conclui-se, então, a impossibilidade de sucesso, a partir do enfoque relacional tomado, devido à estrutura massificadora e reprodutora de conhecimento existente na escola brasileira

Wavelike Structures in the Turbulent Layer During the Morning Development of Convection at Dome C, Antarctica

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Avaliação do transporte apical e da capacidade de centralização de dois sistemas rotatórios de niquel-titânio

Introduction: Rotary nickel-titanium (NiTi) instruments have become very popular in recent years mainly because they allow an effi cient preparation of the root canal system. New rotary endodontic instruments resulted from the development of new features, such as variable taper, non-cutting safety tip and variable length of cutting blades. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the degree of canal transportation observed with two nickel-titanium rotary systems, K3 (SybronEndo, Orange, CA, USA) and Mtwo (VDW, Munich, Germany), as well as their centering ability, by measuring dentin wall thickness before and after instrumentation. Methods: Thirty extracted mandibular molars were embedded in resin blocks and sectioned 3.5 and 5.0 mm short of the anatomical apex. The mesiobuccal canals were prepared with the K3 system, using instruments 0.12/25, 0.08/25, 0.06/25, 0.04/25, and 0.02/30 progressively until reaching the working length; and the mesiolingual canals were prepared with the Mtwo system, using instruments 0.04/10, 0.05/15, 0.06/20, and 0.06/25 to full working length. Pre- and postoperative sections were photographed and all data were recorded and analyzed statistically using the Mann-Whitney test. Results: Canal transportation and centering ability results were similar for both instruments (p > 0.05). Relevance: The K3 and Mtwo systems allowed the preparation of curved root canals with minimal transportation, 3.5 or 5.0 mm short of the anatomical apex.Introdução: Os instrumentos rotatórios em níquel titânio vêm se tornando populares nos últimos anos principalmente devido à sua efi ciência no preparo de canais radiculares. Novos instrumentos rotatórios resultaram do desenvolvimento de características como conicidade, pontas sem corte seguras, e variação do comprimento da lâmina de corte. A proposta deste estudo foi avaliar o grau de transporte do canal observado com dois sistemas rotatórios de níquel-titânio, K3 (SybronEndo, Orange, CA, EUA) e Mtwo (VDW, Munique, Alemanha), bem como sua habilidade de centralização, por meio da mensuração dos fragmentos de dentina da parede do canal radicular, antes e após a instrumentação. Métodos: Trinta molares inferiores foram inseridos em blocos de resina e seccionados a 3,5 e a 5,0 mm do ápice. Os canais mésio-vestibulares foram preparados com o sistema K3 utilizando-se a sequência #25.12, #25.08, #25.06, #25.04 e #30.02 progressivamente até o comprimento de trabalho; e os canais mésio-linguais foram preparados com o sistema Mtwo, utilizando-se os instrumentos #10.04, #15.05, #20.06 e #25.06 por todo o comprimento de trabalho. Secções pré e pós-operatória foram fotografadas, e todos os dados foram anotados e analisados estatisticamente utilizando-se o teste de Mann-Whitney. Resultados: Os resultados referentes ao grau de transporte do canal e à capacidade de centralização foram similares para ambos os sistemas (p > 0.05). Relevância: Os sistemas K3 e Mtwo permitiram o preparo de canais curvos com mínimo transporte a 3,0 ou a 5,0 mm do ápice anatômico

BIM-oriented data mining for thermal performance of prefabricated buildings

The use of energy efficiency procedures is a typical practice in building construction process that creates a huge amount of data regarding the building. This is particularly valid in structures which include complex collaborations, for example, ventilation, sunlight-based increases, inner additions, and warm mass. This paper proposes a new approach for automating building construction when improving their energy efficiency, aiming to foresee comfort levels based on Heating, Ventilating, Air Conditioning (HVAC), constructive systems performance, environmental conditions, and occupant behavior. More specifically, it presents a research work about thermal performance of prefabricated construction systems developed by an Argentine enterprise called Astori, using two Knowledge Discovery in Databases (KDD) processes to extract knowledge. In this context, Building Information Modeling (BIM) will give data to support the calculation to outline goal levels of a sustainable building performance concerning classification systems. The data were collected from a project in Uruguay referring to the construction systems and the energy efficiency of the building. The data mining tool SPMF was used to test the performance of classification and its use in prediction. Particularly, FP-Growth Algorithm and Clustering methodologies were used to analyze a combination of ambient conditions, in order to compare them using Revit© software. The results generated by these methods can be generalized for a set of buildings, according to the objective to be achieved concerning the thermal building performance

Surface and Aerodynamic Parameters Estimation for Urban and Rural Areas

Numerical weather prediction models require an accurate parametrization of the energy budget at the air-ground interface, that can be obtained only through long-term atmospheric boundary layer measurements at different spatial and temporal scales. Despite their importance, such measurements are still scarce even in well-characterized areas. In this paper, a three-year dataset from four micrometeorological stations run by the Regional Agency for Environmental Protection of Lazio was analyzed to estimate albedo, zero-displacement height, roughness length and surface properties over Rome and its suburbs, characterizing differences and interconnections between urban, suburban and rural areas of the same municipality. The integral albedo coefficient at the zenith for the urban station was found to be almost twice that for suburban and rural stations. The zero-displacement height of the urban site was strongly dependent on wind direction, with values varying between 12.0 and 17.8 m, while the roughness length (≈1.5 m) was almost independent of upwind direction, but it was significantly higher than the typical values calculated for rural stations (≈0.4 m). The apparent thermal capacities and thermal conductivity at all the non-urban sites were in fair agreement with each other and typical of soils with relatively low water content, as expected for a relatively dry Mediterranean area like Rome, while the apparent thermal diffusivity reflected the presence of different soil types

Comparison of type 5d autotransporter phospholipases demonstrates a correlation between high activity and intracellular pathogenic lifestyle

Autotransporters, or type 5 secretion systems, are widespread surface proteins of Gram-negative bacteria often associated with virulence functions. Autotransporters consist of an outer membrane β-barrel domain and an exported passenger. In the poorly studied type 5d subclass, the passenger is a patatin-like lipase. The prototype of this secretion pathway is PlpD of Pseudomonas aeruginosa , an opportunistic human pathogen. The PlpD passenger is a homodimer with phospholipase A1 (PLA1) activity. Based on sequencing data, PlpD-like proteins are present in many bacterial species. We characterized the enzymatic activity, specific lipid binding and oligomeric status of PlpD homologs from Aeromonas hydrophila (a fish pathogen), Burkholderia pseudomallei (a human pathogen) and Ralstonia solanacearum (a plant pathogen) and compared these with PlpD. We demonstrate that recombinant type 5d-secreted patatin domains have lipase activity and form dimers or higher-order oligomers. However, dimerization is not necessary for lipase activity; in fact, by making monomeric variants of PlpD, we show that enzymatic activity slightly increases while protein stability decreases. The lipases from the intracellular pathogens A. hydrophila and B. pseudomallei display PLA2 activity in addition to PLA1 activity. Although the type 5d-secreted lipases from the animal pathogens bound to intracellular lipid targets, phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylinositol phosphates, hydrolysis of these lipids could only be observed for FplA of Fusobacterium nucleatum . Yet, we noted a correlation between high lipase activity in type 5d autotransporters and intracellular lifestyle. We hypothesize that type 5d phospholipases are intracellularly active and function in modulation of host cell signaling events

Characterization of the boundary layer at Dome C (East Antarctica) during the OPALE summer campaign

The regional climate model MAR was run for the region of Dome C located on the East Antarctic plateau, during Antarctic summer 2011–2012, in order to refine our understanding of meteorological conditions during the OPALE observation campaign. A very high vertical resolution is set up in the lower troposphere, with a grid spacing of roughly 2 m. Comparisons are made with observed temperatures and winds near the surface and from a 45 m high tower as well as sodar and radiation data. MAR is generally in very good agreement with the observations but sometimes underestimates cloud formation, leading to an underestimation of the simulated downward long-wave radiation. Absorbed short-wave radiation may also be slightly overestimated due to an underestimation of the snow albedo and this influences the surface energy budget and atmospheric turbulence. Nevertheless the model provides sufficiently reliable information that represent key parameters when discussing the representativeness of chemical measurements made nearby the ground surface during field campaigns conducted at the Concordia site located at Dome C (3233 m a.s.l.)

A Nine-year series of daily oxygen and hydrogen isotopic composition of precipitation at Concordia station, East Antarctica

The atmospheric processes determining the isotopic composition of precipitation on the Antarctic plateau are yet to be fully understood, as well as the post-depositional processes altering the snow pristine isotopic signal. Improving the comprehension of these physical mechanisms is of crucial importance for interpreting the isotopic records from ice cores drilled in the low accumulation area of Antarctica, e.g., the upcoming Beyond EPICA drilling at Little Dome C. Up to now, few records of the isotopic composition of precipitation in Antarctica are available, most of them limited in time or sampling frequency. Here we present a 9-year long δ18O and δD record (2008-2016) of precipitation at Concordia base, East Antarctica. The snow is collected daily on a raised platform (1 m), positioned in the clean area of the station; the precipitation collection is still being carried out each year by the winter over personnel. A significant positive correlation between isotopes in precipitation and 2-m air temperature is observed at both seasonal and interannual scale; the lowest temperature and isotopic values are usually recorded during winters characterized by a strongly positive Southern Annular Mode index. To improve the understanding of the mechanisms governing the isotopic composition of precipitation, we compare the isotopic data of Concordia samples with on-site observations, meteorological data from the Dome C AWS of the University of Wisconsin-Madison, as well as with high-resolution simulation results from the isotope-enabled atmospheric general circulation models ECHAM5-wiso and ECHAM6-wiso, nudged with the ERA-Interim and ERA5 reanalyses respectively