Caracterizaçāo da pescaria de camarāo nos portos de Angoche, Quelimane e Beira, referente ao sistema de pesca

The paper presents the results of a survey carried out in the water of Angoche, Quelimane and Beira referring to the fishing methods used to catch shrimp in the Sofala Bank

Evaluación de cuatro ciclos de selección recurrente por habilidad combinatoria general en maíz (Zea mays L.).

Presenta los resultados obtenidos después de 4 ciclos de selección recurrente por habilidad combinatoria general en la variedad de maíz Blanco Rubí, a libre polinización, a fin de determinar su efectividad en mejorar el rendimiento y los efectos de varios caracteres de la mazorca superior y de la planta. Se utilizó un diseño de bloques al azar con 5 tratamientos y 10 repeticiones. Se midieron características como: tiempo entre inflorescencias masculinas y primera femenina, altura de la planta y de la mazorca superior, número de hojas, número de mazorcas por planta, peso de la mazorca superior, peso de los granos, peso de la tusa, longitud y diámetro de la mazorca superior, diámetro de la tusa, humedad del grano y rendimiento. De acuerdo a los promedios, análisis de variancia de regresión y correlación, se comprobó la efectividad del método para modificar los caracteres estudiados. El análisis de variancia indicó diferencias altamente significativas entre los tratamientos para todas las características de la planta y de la mazorca, excepto humedad del grano en la cosecha. El rendimiento se correlacionó positivamente con número de mazorcas por planta, longitud de mazorcas, peso de la mazorca superior y peso de los granos. El método de selección recurrente por habilidad combinatoria general fue efectivo en aumentar el rendimiento así como colateralmente la longitud de la mazorca superior, el intervalo entre inflorescencia masculina y primera femenina, humedad del grano en la cosecha, peso de los granos, no así en los otros caracteres estudiados de la mazorca superior y las plantasMaíz-Zea maysMaestría en CienciasMaestrí

Determination of variability of flow duration curve for non-stationary effects in Colombia

[ES] En el presente trabajo, se analizaron los cambios temporales en las curvas de duración de caudales CDC correspondientes a estaciones de caudales diarios en Colombia mediante la aplicación del test no paramétrico de Mann-Kendall, el Estimador de Pendiente de Sen y la pendiente de la regresión lineal de la serie. Se calculan caudales característicos con el fin de revisar tendencias a largo plazo entre distintas magnitudes o porcentajes de excedencia (percentiles 95, 75, 25 y 1). De forma adicional, se estima la tendencia en la desviación estándar en ventanas móviles de 10 años. Se observan tendencias crecientes significativas en las regiones del occidente (Chocó) y nordeste (Bajo cauca) de Colombia, mientras que para tendencias decrecientes no se observa ningún patrón espacial. Se encontraron tendencias con magnitudes entre –0.0068 m3/s/día y 0.047 m3/s/día.[EN] In this work, long term temporal changes are analyzed in several flow duration curves FDC from Colombian daily gauging stations by the mean of the application of non-parametric Mann-Kendall test, the Sen´s Slope Estimator and the slope of the linear regression of the time series. Characteristic flows were estimated aiming to analyze the existence of long-term trends in different flow magnitudes (percentiles corresponding to 95, 75, 25 and 1 percentage of exceedance). Additionally, standard deviation long term trend is estimated using a 10 years mobile window. Significant increasing trends are observed in the regions of Chocó (east) and Bajo Cauca (north-east) while decreasing trends did not present any particular spatial pattern. Long term trends magnitudes between –0.0068 m3/s/day and 0.047 m3/s/day were found.Los autores agradecen al Instituto de Hidrología Meteorología y Estudios Ambientales de Colombia IDEAM porque cuyos registros fueron parte fundamental de este análisisGaviria, C.; Carvajal-Serna, L. (2020). Determinación de la variabilidad de la curva de duración de caudales por efectos no estacionarios en Colombia. Ingeniería del agua. 24(4):269-283. https://doi.org/10.4995/ia.2020.13556OJS269283244Barriendos, M., Coeur, D., Lang, M., Llast, M.C., Naulet, R., Lemaître, D., Barrera, A. 2003. Stationarity analysis of historical flood series in France and Spain (14th-20th centuries). Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 3, 583-592. https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-3-583-2003Brown, A.E., Zhang, L., McMahon, T.A., Western, A.W., Vertessy, R.A. 2005. A review of paired catchment studies for determining changes in water yield resulting from alterations in vegetation. Journal of Hydrology, 310(1-4), 28-61. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JHYDROL.2004.12.010Cantor, D., Ochoa, A. 2011. Señales de cambio climático en series de lluvia en Antioquia. IX Congreso Colombiano de Meteorología y Conferencia Internacional "200 Años de La Meteorología y de La Climatología En América Latina," 11. Bogotá - Colombia.Estupiñán, A. 2016. Estudio de la variabilidad espacio temporal de la precipitación en Colombia. Bdigital.Unal.Edu.Co, 118.Foster, H.A. 1933. Duration Curves. Proceedings of the American Society of Civil Engineers, 59(8), 1223-1246.Gilbert, R.O. 1987. Statistical methods for environmental pollution monitoring. Wiley.Hamed, K.H., Ramachandra, A. 1998. A modified Mann-Kendall trend test for autocorrelated data. Journal of Hydrology, 204(1-4), 182-196. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-1694(97)00125-XIDEAM. 2014. Estudio Nacional del Agua 2014.IPCC. 2014. Climate change 2014: synthesis report.Mann, H. 1945. Nonparametric tests against trend. Journal of the Econometric, 13(3), 245-259. https://doi.org/10.2307/1907187Pérez, C., Poveda, G., Mesa, O., Carvajal, L.F. 1998. Evidencias de cambio climático en Colombia: tendencias y cambios de fase y amplitud de los ciclos anual y semianual. Bulletin de l'Institut Français d'études Andines, 27(3), 537-543.Poveda, G., Jaramillo, A., Gil, M.M., Quiceno, N., Mantilla, R.I. 2001. Seasonality in ENSO-related precipitation, river discharges, soil moisture, and vegetation index in Colombia. Water Resources Research, 37(8), 2169-2178. https://doi.org/10.1029/2000WR900395Poveda, G., Álvarez, D.M., Rueda, Ó.A. 2011. Hydro-climatic variability over the Andes of Colombia associated with ENSO: A review of climatic processes and their impact on one of the Earth's most important biodiversity hotspots. Climate Dynamics, 36(11-12), 2233-2249. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-010-0931-yProsdocimi, I., Kjeldsen, T.R., Svensson, C. 2013. Non-stationarity in annual and seasonal series of peak flow and precipitation in the UK. Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences Discussions, 1(5), 5499-5544. https://doi.org/10.5194/nhessd-1-5499-2013Sen, P.K. 1968. Estimates of the Regression Coefficient Based on Kendall's Tau. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 63(324), 1379-1389. https://doi.org/10.1080/01621459.1968.10480934Urán, J.D. 2016. Cambios en los valores extremos de variables climáticas en Colombia asociados a cambio climático. Repositorio Institucional - Universidad Nacional de Colombia, 121.Villarini, G., Serinaldi, F., Smith, J.A., Krajewski, W.F. 2009. On the stationarity of annual flood peaks in the continental United States during the 20th century. Water Resources Research, 45(8). https://doi.org/10.1029/2008WR007645Vogel, R.M., Fennessey, N.M. 1994. Flow-Duration Curves. I: New Interpretation and Confidence Intervals. Journal of Water Resources Planning and Management, 120(4), 485-504. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9496(1994)120:4(485)Westra, S., Sisson, S.A. 2011. Detection of non-stationarity in precipitation extremes using a max-stable process model. Journal of Hydrology, 406(1-2), 119-128. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JHYDROL.2011.06.014WMO. 1995. INFOHYDROManal, Second edition, Operational Hydrology Report. Geneva

Evaluación de variedades sintéticas de maíz originadas de aplicar cuatro ciclos de selección recurrente por habilidad combinatoria en Blanco Rubí.

La selección recurrente entre medios hermanos es uno de los métodos de mejoramiento genético utilizado en maíz, para acumular en forma cíclica los genes que contribuyen al incremento promedio del carácter o caracteres de interés, aprovechándose en esta forma, la porción aditiva de la variancia genética de la población en estudio. La recombinación de las líneas endogámicas S sub 1, escogidas por su alta habilidad combinatoria general, puede, dar origen a variedades sintéticas o a diversas clases de híbridos de tales líneas. Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar el comportamiento de 3 caracteres agronómicos de las variedades sintéticas obtenidas después de aplicar 4 ciclos de selección recurrente por habilidad combinatoria general, en la variedad nativa de maíz Blanco Rubí y usada en esta investigación como testigo. La evaluación del material experimental se realizó en 1979 en el CNI Tibaitatá, ubicado en el municipio de Mosquera (departamento de Cundinamarca, Colombia), a 2.543 m.s.n.m. El método de selección fue efectivo, al mejorarse progresivamente el rendimiento promedio de las poblaciones sintetizadas, lográndose un aumento total de 12 por ciento entre la variedad original y la sintética del cuarto cilo de selección, se observó, además, que por cada ciclo de selección hubo incrementos significtivos de 195 kg/ha. Estos resultados permiten sugerir que es factible continuar modificando favorablemente el comportamiento agronómico de Blanco Rubí, através del método de mejoramiento aplicado hasta la fecha. La variedad sintética del segundo ciclo de selección se registró como ICA V.553 (Blanco Rubí (g) C2 Sin.2)Maíz-Zea may

Preliminary study of child skier’s intake of nutrients at the ski resort of Sierra Nevada

Se ha realizado un estudio de la dieta del equipo de competición infantil en esquí alpino (Club Monachil, Sierra Nevada). Son niños con edades entre 7-12 años. Se consideran dos grupos, los residentes en la estación de esquí y los de ciudad que esquían en fin de semana. Se han realizado encuestas de recuerdo 24 horas. El valor medio de energía, es 3218 Kcal/dia ± 819 (grupo de la sierra) y 2485 Kcal/dia ± 600 (grupo de ciudad), no existen diferencias significativas entre grupos (p≥0,3). La distribución de energía a partir de los nutrientes energéticos es correcta para los niños deportistas de la sierra, tanto en el fin de semana como entre semana; los niños deportistas de ciudad tienen un consumo excesivo de lípidos (43%) y prótidos (17%), el aporte de energía de carbohidratos no llega al 55%. Se observa una modificación de la dieta y del consumo de energía y nutrientes cuando los niños pasan del hogar familiar a la practica del deporte.A study was conducted of the diet of a child Alpine ski competition team (Monachil Club, Sierra Nevada). The children, aged between 7-12 years old, were divided into two groups. One of which were residents at a ski resort and the other, residents from different cities, who practised skiing at the same resort at weekends only. A 24-hour recall questionnaire was carried out, from which the following data was collected: The mean energy value from diet intake was determined at 3,218 ± 819 Kcal/day (ski resort group) and 2,485 ± 600 Kcal/day (city group). No significant differences between the groups was observed (p≥0.3). The distribution of energy from energetic nutrients was correct for the ski resort group, both at the weekend and during the week; the city group had an excessive intake of lipids (43%) and proteins (17%), and the energy from carbohydrates did not reach 55%. A modification in the diet and intake of energy and nutrients was observed when the children moved from their family home to the ski resort.Este trabajo ha sido subvencionado por el proyecto de investigación QLRT-1999-01422, 5th Framework EU.: Quality of life and management of living resources

On the supercritical KDV equation with time-oscillating nonlinearity

For the initial value problem (IVP) associated to the generalized Korteweg-de Vries (gKdV) equation with supercritical nonlinearity, \begin{equation*} u_{t}+\partial_x^3u+\partial_x(u^{k+1}) =0,\qquad k\geq 5, \end{equation*} numerical evidence [Bona J.L., Dougalis V.A., Karakashian O.A., McKinney W.R.: Conservative, high-order numerical schemes for the generalized Korteweg–de Vries equation. Philos. Trans. Roy. Soc. London Ser. A 351, 107–164 (1995) ] shows that, there are initial data $\phi\in H^1(\mathbb{R})$ such that the corresponding solution may blow-up in finite time. Also, with the evidence from numerical simulation [Abdullaev F.K., Caputo J.G., Kraenkel R.A., Malomed B.A.: Controlling collapse in Bose–Einstein condensates by temporal modulation of the scattering length. Phys. Rev. A 67, 012605 (2003) and Konotop V.V., Pacciani P.: Collapse of solutions of the nonlinear Schrödinger equation with a time dependent nonlinearity: application to the Bose–Einstein condensates. Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, 240405 (2005) ], it has been claimed that a periodic time dependent coefficient in the nonlinearity would disturb the blow-up solution, either accelerating or delaying it. In this work, we investigate the IVP associated to the gKdV equation \begin{equation*} u_{t}+\partial_x^3u+g(\omega t)\partial_x(u^{k+1}) =0, \end{equation*} where $g$ is a periodic function and $k\geq 5$ is an integer. We prove that, for given initial data $\phi \in H^1(\mathbb{R})$, as $|\omega|\to \infty$, the solution $u_{\omega}$ converges to the solution $U$ of the initial value problem associated to \begin{equation*} U_{t}+\partial_x^3U+m(g)\partial_x(U^{k+1}) =0, \end{equation*} with the same initial data, where $m(g)$ is the average of the periodic function $g$. Moreover, if the solution $U$ is global and satisfies $\|U\|_{L_x^5L_t^{10}}<\infty$, then we prove that the solution $u_{\omega}$ is also global provided $|\omega|$ is sufficiently large.M. P. was partially supported by the Research Center of Mathematics of the University of Minho, Portugal through the FCT Pluriannual Funding Program, and through the project PTDC/MAT/109844/2009, and M. S. was partially supported by FAPESP Brazil

Phase diagram of the La1−x_{1-x}Cax_{x}MnO3_{3} compound for 0.5≤x≤0.90.5\leq x\leq 0.9

We have studied the phase diagram of La$_{1-x}$Ca$_{x}$MnO$_{3}$ for $0.5\leq x\leq 0.9$ using neutron powder diffraction and magnetization measurements. At 300 K all samples are paramagnetic and single phase with crystallographic symmetry $Pnma$. As the temperature is reduced a structural transition is observed which is to a charge-ordered state only for certain x. On further cooling the material passes to an antiferromagnetic ground state with Neel temperature $T_N$ that depends on x. For $0.8\leq x\leq 0.9$ the structural transformation occurs at the same temperature as the magnetic transition. Overall, the neutron diffraction patterns were explained by considering four phase boundaries for which La$_{1-x}$Ca$_x$MnO$_3$ forms a distinct phase: the CE phase at $x=0.5-0.55$, the charge-ordered phase at x=2/3, the monoclinic and C-type magnetic structure at $x=0.80-0.85$ and the G-type magnetic structure at x=1. Between these phase boundaries the magnetic reflections suggest the existence of mixed compounds containing both phases of the adjacent phase boundaries in a ratio determined by the lever rule

First observation of the decay Bˉs0→D0K∗0\bar{B}^0_s \to D^0 K^{*0} and a measurement of the ratio of branching fractions B(Bˉs0→D0K∗0)B(Bˉ0→D0ρ0)\frac{{\cal B}(\bar{B}^0_s \to D^0 K^{*0})}{{\cal B}(\bar{B}^0 \to D^0 \rho^0)}

The first observation of the decay $\bar{B}^0_s \to D^0 K^{*0}$ using $pp$ data collected by the LHCb detector at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36 pb$^{-1}$, is reported. A signal of $34.4 \pm 6.8$ events is obtained and the absence of signal is rejected with a statistical significance of more than nine standard deviations. The $\bar{B}^0_s \to D^0 K^{*0}$ branching fraction is measured relative to that of $\bar{B}^0 \to D^0 \rho^0$: $\frac{{\cal B}(\bar{B}^0_s \to D^0 K^{*0})}{{\cal B}(\bar{B}^0 \to D^0 \rho^0)} = 1.48 \pm 0.34 \pm 0.15 \pm 0.12$, where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second systematic and the third is due to the uncertainty on the ratio of the $B^0$ and $B^0_s$ hadronisation fractions.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figures, submitted to Phys. Lett. B; ISSN 0370-269

Spread of a SARS-CoV-2 variant through Europe in the summer of 2020.

Following its emergence in late 2019, the spread of SARS-CoV-21,2 has been tracked by phylogenetic analysis of viral genome sequences in unprecedented detail3–5. Although the virus spread globally in early 2020 before borders closed, intercontinental travel has since been greatly reduced. However, travel within Europe resumed in the summer of 2020. Here we report on a SARS-CoV-2 variant, 20E (EU1), that was identified in Spain in early summer 2020 and subsequently spread across Europe. We find no evidence that this variant has increased transmissibility, but instead demonstrate how rising incidence in Spain, resumption of travel, and lack of effective screening and containment may explain the variant’s success. Despite travel restrictions, we estimate that 20E (EU1) was introduced hundreds of times to European countries by summertime travellers, which is likely to have undermined local efforts to minimize infection with SARS-CoV-2. Our results illustrate how a variant can rapidly become dominant even in the absence of a substantial transmission advantage in favourable epidemiological settings. Genomic surveillance is critical for understanding how travel can affect transmission of SARS-CoV-2, and thus for informing future containment strategies as travel resumes. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited

Evolution of the use of corticosteroids for the treatment of hospitalised COVID-19 patients in Spain between March and November 2020: SEMI-COVID national registry

Objectives: Since the results of the RECOVERY trial, WHO recommendations about the use of corticosteroids (CTs) in COVID-19 have changed. The aim of the study is to analyse the evolutive use of CTs in Spain during the pandemic to assess the potential influence of new recommendations. Material and methods: A retrospective, descriptive, and observational study was conducted on adults hospitalised due to COVID-19 in Spain who were included in the SEMI-COVID- 19 Registry from March to November 2020. Results: CTs were used in 6053 (36.21%) of the included patients. The patients were older (mean (SD)) (69.6 (14.6) vs. 66.0 (16.8) years; p < 0.001), with hypertension (57.0% vs. 47.7%; p < 0.001), obesity (26.4% vs. 19.3%; p < 0.0001), and multimorbidity prevalence (20.6% vs. 16.1%; p < 0.001). These patients had higher values (mean (95% CI)) of C-reactive protein (CRP) (86 (32.7-160) vs. 49.3 (16-109) mg/dL; p < 0.001), ferritin (791 (393-1534) vs. 470 (236- 996) µg/dL; p < 0.001), D dimer (750 (430-1400) vs. 617 (345-1180) µg/dL; p < 0.001), and lower Sp02/Fi02 (266 (91.1) vs. 301 (101); p < 0.001). Since June 2020, there was an increment in the use of CTs (March vs. September; p < 0.001). Overall, 20% did not receive steroids, and 40% received less than 200 mg accumulated prednisone equivalent dose (APED). Severe patients are treated with higher doses. The mortality benefit was observed in patients with oxygen saturation </=90%. Conclusions: Patients with greater comorbidity, severity, and inflammatory markers were those treated with CTs. In severe patients, there is a trend towards the use of higher doses. The mortality benefit was observed in patients with oxygen saturation </=90%