A cena admoestatoria : Gil Vicente e a poesia politica de corte na baixa idade media

Orientador: Antonio Alcir B. PecoraTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da LinguagemResumo: O objetivo deste trabalho é evidenciar o modo de constituição de significados políticos de uma vertente ainda pouco estudada da obra de Gil Vicente. Para isto, buscamos rastrear os modelos de composição da poesia política de fim da Idade Média, implicados no quadro mais amplo e complexo da civilização de corte. Foi recuperando elementos deste âmbito mais extenso - desta Cultura do Poder à qual originalmente aquele conjunto de obras se integrava - que procuramos tornar manifesto o modo como um conjunto de textos vicentinos adquire um sentido político particular. Pois, tal como tantos outros autores do período, Gil Vicente construiu uma obra em que a problemática da instituição monárquica esteve presente de maneira vital. Esta vitalidade só pode ser apreciada se considerarmos as referências de que se nutriu, mediata ou imediatamente: por um lado, mostrando a importância, na cultura do período, de uma reflexão de natureza ético-política; por outro, indicando a recuperação inventiva dos temas, modelos e lugares-comuns da poesia política da Baixa Idade Média operada pelo autor portuguêsAbstract: This thesis intends to point out the constitution of political meanings in the works of Gil Vicente. For this purpose, the patterns of composition of the political poetry of the late Middle Ages, within a broader and more complex background - the Court Society - were tracked. Thus, it was possible to show how a certain group of GV's texts acquires an specific political meaning. As for several other authors of the same period, in GV's works the subject of the monarchical institution was strongly present. This presence can only be appreciated if the references underneath it are to be considered. On the one hand, they show the importance, for the culture of the period, of an ethical¬political thought. On the other hand, they indicate an inventive remaking of the temes, models and common-places of the political poetry of the late Middle Ages accomplished by the portuguese authorDoutoradoTeoria LiterariaDoutor em Letra

HISTÓRIA E CURRÍCULO: REFLEXÕES SOBRE O ENSINO DE HISTÓRIA E O USO DAS NOVAS TECNOLOGIAS

This work aims to analyze and reflect on the teaching of History and the place of history in the school curriculum. The relationship of curriculum and content permeate the production of this work, as well as the reflection on education and discussion about the social role of the teacher that goes back to the importance that the teacher has in the educational spaces, but also of the community that surrounds the school, making him a transforming agent of the community in which he is inserted. The use of some digital methodologies fostered the creation of the didactic material developed for this work, where it was sought to build an environment of meaning with the reality of the students, so that they can become protagonists in this teaching process.Este trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar y reflexionar sobre la enseñanza de la Historia y el lugar de la historia en el currículo escolar. La relación de currículo y contenido impregnan la producción de este trabajo, así como la reflexión sobre la educación y la discusión sobre el papel social del maestro que se remonta a la importancia que el maestro tiene en los espacios educativos, pero también de la comunidad que rodea la escuela, convirtiéndolo en un agente transformador de la comunidad en la que está inserto. El uso de algunas metodologías digitales fomentó la creación del material didáctico desarrollado para este trabajo, donde se buscó construir un ambiente de significado con la realidad de los estudiantes, para que puedan convertirse en protagonistas en este proceso de enseñanza.Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar e refletir sobre o ensino de História e o lugar da história no currículo escolar. A relação de currículo e conteúdo permeiam a produção desta obra, assim como a reflexão sobre educação e discussão acerca do papel social do professor que remonta a importância que o docente possui nos espaços educacionais, mas também da comunidade que cerca a escola, tornando-o agente transformador da comunidade em que se insere. O uso de algumas metodologias digitais fomentou a criação do material didático desenvolvido para esta obra, onde se buscou construir um ambiente de significado com a realidade dos discentes, de forma que eles se possam se tornar protagonistas neste processo de ensino.Este trabalho tem como objetivo analisar e refletir sobre o ensino de História e o lugar da história no currículo escolar. A relação de currículo e conteúdo permeiam a produção desta obra, assim como a reflexão sobre educação e discussão acerca do papel social do professor que remonta a importância que o docente possui nos espaços educacionais, mas também da comunidade que cerca a escola, tornando-o agente transformador da comunidade em que se insere. O uso de algumas metodologias digitais fomentou a criação do material didático desenvolvido para esta obra, onde se buscou construir um ambiente de significado com a realidade dos discentes, de forma que eles se possam se tornar protagonistas neste processo de ensino

Anti-PGL1 salivary IgA/IgM, serum IgG/IgM, and nasal Mycobacterium leprae DNA in individuals with household contact with leprosy

Objectives: Leprosy household contacts represent a group at high risk of developing the disease. the aim of this study was to detect Mycobacterium leprae subclinical infection in this group through serological and molecular parameters.Methods: Serum anti-PGL1 IgG/IgM and salivary anti-PGL1 IgA/IgM was investigated using an ELISA, and nasal carriage of M. leprae DNA was detected by PCR, in leprosy household contacts of paucibacillary (PB) and multibacillary (MB) household leprosy patients (n = 135), their index cases (n = 30), and in persons living in a low endemic city (n = 17).Results: Salivary anti-PGL1 IgA and IgM and serum anti-PGL1 IgG showed good correlation comparing contacts and index cases (p 0.05). A high frequency of anti-PGL1 IgM positivity was found in IgG-negative samples (p < 0.0001). for IgG-positive samples, IgM antibodies were also positive in most of the samples. None of the 17 volunteers living in a low endemic city presented seropositivity for IgG; however, two of them showed positivity for anti-PGL1 IgM. M. leprae DNA was found in the nasal swabs of nine out of the 85 MB household leprosy contacts (10.6%) and in three out of the 50 PB household leprosy contacts (6.0%).Conclusion: We strongly suggest that serum IgG/IgM and salivary anti-PGL1 IgA/IgM measurements are used to follow leprosy household contacts. (C) 2013 International Society for Infectious Diseases. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Univ Fed Ceara, Fac Pharm, Dept Clin Anal & Toxicol, BR-60430370 Fortaleza, Ceara, BrazilUniv Fed Ceara, Fac Pharm, Dept Pharm, BR-60430370 Fortaleza, Ceara, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Div Pediat Infect Dis, São Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Ceara, Fac Med, Dept Pathol, BR-60430370 Fortaleza, Ceara, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Div Pediat Infect Dis, São Paulo, BrazilCNPq: 472.471/2007-4Web of Scienc

Vitamin C supplementation in diets for giant trahira

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of diet supplementation with vitamin C on productive performance, morphological changes, and fatty acid profile of the carcass of juvenile giant trahira (Hoplias lacerdae). A completely randomized design was used, with seven treatments (0, 17.5, 52.5, 87.5, 122.5, 175, and 350 mg kg-1 of vitamin C in the diet) and four replicates. After 62 days, the following were evaluated: weight and length gains, survival and cannibalism rates, final length uniformity, clinical signs of excess or deficiency of vitamin C, the presence of bone deformities, and fatty acid profile of the carcass. Fish fed the diet without vitamin C showed higher final length uniformity. No deformities were detected in fish body. Radiological analysis confirmed the absence of bone deformities. A positive linear effect was observed in vitamin C levels in the diet for myristic and arachidonic acids. Therefore, vitamin C influences the metabolism of fatty acids in fish carcass. During the initial growth of juvenile giant trahira, vitamin C does not cause bone deformities and does not influence productive performance, but negatively affects uniformity as to the final length of juvenile giant trahira.O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da suplementação da dieta com vitamina C no desempenho produtivo, nas alterações morfológicas e no perfil de ácidos graxos da carcaça de juvenis de trairão (Hoplias lacerdae). Utilizou-se o delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com sete tratamentos (0, 17,5, 52,5, 87,5, 122,5, 175 e 350 mg kg-1 de vitamina C na ração) e quatro repetições. Ao final de 62 dias, foram avaliados: ganhos de peso e comprimento, taxas de sobrevivência e canibalismo, uniformidade do comprimento final, sinais clínicos de excesso ou deficiência de vitamina C, presença de deformidades ósseas e perfil de ácidos graxos da carcaça. Peixes alimentados com a dieta isenta de vitamina C apresentaram maior uniformidade em comprimento final. Não foram detectadas deformidades no corpo dos peixes. As análises radiológicas confirmaram a ausência de deformidades ósseas. Observou-se efeito linear positivo dos níveis de vitamina C na dieta para os ácidos mirístico e araquidônico. Portanto, a vitamina C influencia o metabolismo de ácidos graxos da carcaça dos peixes. Durante o crescimento inicial de juvenis de trairão, a vitamina C não causa deformidades ósseas e não influencia o desempenho produtivo, porém afeta de forma negativa a uniformidade quanto ao comprimento final de juvenis de trairão

Dicephalia in a Bovine

Background: Congenital defects consist of structural or functional abnormalities present at birth, which partially or globally affect the systems. Among the defects are the conjoined twins, a rare congenital anomaly caused by fusion of two monozygotic embryos which can be classified according to the different sites of union. The Siamese twins and embryonic duplication are represented by a progressive series of malformations, since partial duplication of part of the body to the training almost full two bodies. Siamese twins occur in humans and in several animal species. Dicephalia refers to two totally separate heads. The aim of this study was to report a case of dicephalia in a bovine fetus.Case: A crossbred bovine fetus from a cow pregnant at. The animal was fixed by immersion in 10% formalin for sample collection. Muscles were dissected, with exposure of the bones of the right head, neck, forelimb, and hind limb. After dissection, the fetus was subjected to a preservation process by impregnation with glycerin. Next, internal organs were removed in bloc (from tongue to rectum) for evaluation of internal alterations. Additionally, radiographs of the spinal cord were performed to diagnose alterations by diagnostic imaging. Radiography revealed the presence of two skulls; two cervical spines, both with seven vertebrae; two thoracic spines, both with 13 vertebrae; and two lumbar spines, both with six vertebrae, however, fused at L4, i.e., connected in the final third part. Further information could not be obtained by the radiographs due to severe overlapping of structures, causing image subtraction. The findings are compatible with mineralized conjoined twin fetuses. After dissection, it was possible to see that each head exhibited normal development of tongue, trachea, and esophagus. In the thorax, there were two lungs with their typical lobes; however, there was atrophy of the lobes located medially. There was one pericardial sac surrounding two hearts. There was dextroposition of the aorta of the right heart, which would pass over the esophagus and trachea, and was connected to the aorta of the left heart in the cervical region. The ribs of the medial portion of the thorax were absent. The diaphragm had a central opening with protrusion of the diaphragmatic portion of the right lung lobe. The abdomen exhibited two rumens, one was blind-ended, and the other had normal prestomachs development, with connection to normal small and large intestines. There was a lung lobe close to the kidneys (pulmonary choristoma).Discussion: The bovine fetus reported here can be classified as dicephalic, since it exhibited two well defined heads and only one body. That is different from diprosopia, which refers to the development of two faces in one skull. Such anomalies are rare and isolated in bovines, with few studies and information about them. The factors that trigger embryonic duplication are still unclear; however, the cause can be attributed to genetic defects in the germ cells, environmental influences, and heredity. The most important known causes are prenatal viral infection, ingestion of teratogens by the mother, vitamin A and folic acid deficiency, genetic factors, and/or a combination of these factors. No reports of rumen duplication in dicephalic bovines have been observed. Although the occurrence of such malformations is rare, they are relevant and cause economic losses to the farmers.Keywords: siamese twins, malformations, radiography, ruminant

Immunotherapy and immunochemotherapy in visceral leishmaniasis : promising treatments for this neglected disease.

Leishmaniasis has several clinical forms: self-healing or chronic cutaneous leishmaniasis or post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis; mucosal leishmaniasis; visceral leishmaniasis (VL), which is fatal if left untreated.The epidemiology and clinical features of VL vary greatly due to the interaction of multiple factors including parasite strains, vectors, host genetics, and the environment. Human immunodeficiency virus infection augments the severity of VL increasing the risk of developing active disease by 100?2320 times. An effective vaccine for humans is not yet available. Resistance to chemotherapy is a growing problem in many regions, and the costs associated with drug identification and development, make commercial production for leishmaniasis, unattractive.The toxicity of currently drugs, their long treatment course, and limited efficacy are significant concerns. For cutaneous disease, many studies have shown promising results with immunotherapy/immunochemotherapy, aimed to modulate and activate the immune response to obtain a therapeutic cure. Nowadays, the focus of many groups centers on treating canine VL by using vaccines and immunomodulators with or without chemotherapy. In human disease, the use of cytokines like interferon-g associated with pentavalent antimonials demonstrated promising results in patients that did not respond to conventional treatment. In mice, immunomodulation based on monoclonal antibodies to remove endogenous immunosuppressive cytokines (interleukin-10) or block their receptors, antigen-pulsed syngeneic dendritic cells, or biological products like Pam3Cys (TLR ligand) has already been shown as a prospective treatment of the disease. This review addresses VL treatment, particularly immunotherapy and/or immunochemotherapy as an alternative to conventional drug treatment in experimental models, canine VL, and human disease

Composição e abundância de macrófitas num troço do rio Ovelha

As macrófitas fluviais são um grupo relevante para a avaliação ecológica dos rios. Numa amostragem realizada num troço de 100 m do rio Ovelha, localizado a 217 m de altitude, na freguesia de Fornos, Marco de Canaveses, estudou-se a abundância, composição e distribuição das macrófitas. Verificou-se que o troço estudado é pobre em macrófitas, apresentando uma riqueza específica baixa, o que poderá estar relacionado, sobretudo, com o substrato rochoso. Considerando os resultados obtidos é fundamental que, futuramente, sejam estudadas as macrófitas conjuntamente com outros elementos biológicos, no sentido de se proceder a uma correta monitorização do estado ecológico do rio Ovelha.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio