Papel de SAM68 en la diferenciación del adipocito

Sam68, sustrato de Src en mitosis, es una proteína STAR (transductor de señales y activador del metabolismo de ARN) que está involucrada en diversos y muy importantes procesos biológicos tales como la regulación de la expresión génica, corte-empalme alternativo, señalización, ciclo celular, exportación de ARN, traducción de proteínas, etc... Debido a esta gran variedad de funciones diferentes es fácil pensar en la importancia de conocer cada uno de los mecanismos biológicos donde se ha encontrado su participación. Nuestro grupo ha trabajado en el papel de Sam68 en la señalización del receptor de insulina y leptina. La insulina es uno de los factores necesarios para la diferenciación del adipocito, y la leptina es una adipocina producida fundamentalmente por el adipocito. Por tanto pensamos que Sam68 podría tener algún papel en la diferenciación del adipocit

Form Factor Improvement of Smart-Pixels for Vision Sensors through 3-D Vertically- Integrated Technologies

While conventional CMOS active pixel sensors embed only the circuitry required for photo-detection, pixel addressing and voltage buffering, smart pixels incorporate also circuitry for data processing, data storage and control of data interchange. This additional circuitry enables data processing be realized concurrently with the acquisition of images which is instrumental to reduce the number of data needed to carry to information contained into images. This way, more efficient vision systems can be built at the cost of larger pixel pitch. Vertically-integrated 3D technologies enable to keep the advnatges of smart pixels while improving the form factor of smart pixels.Office of Naval Research N000141110312Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación IPT-2011-1625-43000

Smart imaging for power-efficient extraction of Viola-Jones local descriptors

In computer vision, local descriptors permit to summarize relevant visual cues through feature vectors. These vectors constitute inputs for trained classifiers which in turn enable different high-level vision tasks. While local descriptors certainly alleviate the computation load of subsequent processing stages by preventing them from handling raw images, they still have to deal with individual pixels. Feature vector extraction can thus become a major limitation for conventional embedded vision hardware. In this paper, we present a power-efficient sensing processing array conceived to provide the computation of integral images at different scales. These images are intermediate representations that speed up feature extraction. In particular, the mixed-signal array operation is tailored for extraction of Haar-like features. These features feed the cascade of classifiers at the core of the Viola-Jones framework. The processing lattice has been designed for the standard UMC 0.18μm 1P6M CMOS process. In addition to integral image computation, the array can be reprogrammed to deliver other early vision tasks: concurrent rectangular area sum, block-wise HDR imaging, Gaussian pyramids and image pre-warping for subsequent reduced kernel filtering.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad TEC2012-38921-C02-01, IPT-2011-1625-430000, IPC-20111009Naval Research (USA) N00014111031

Psychometric properties and adaptation of the ASRS in a Spanish sample of patients with substance use disorders : application of two IRT Rasch models

The Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS; Kessler et al., 2005) is one of the most extensively used scales to detect attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in adults. The aim of this work is to analyze the psychometric properties of the 18 ASRS items in people with substance use disorders (SUDs). Furthermore, we aimed to (a) confirm or, if necessary, modify the dichotomization criteria of the items proposed by the authors, and (b) identify the most informative items for a screening version or, when applicable, confirm the use of the 6 items that comprise the initially proposed short version. The ASRS was completed for 170 patients with SUD at the Provincial Unit for Drug Dependence of Huelva, Spain, aged 16 to 78 years. Two Rasch models—the dichotomous Rasch model and the Rating Scale Model (RSM) for polytomous items—were used in the psychometric analysis. The ASRS items fitted the RSM adequately, but the locations of the items along the underlying construct led us to propose new criteria of dichotomization. After analyzing the information function of dichotomized items, we identified 6 items that should integrate a new screening scale. Our dichotomization proposal is different from the original one and takes into account the different weights of the items. The selected screening version showed better metric properties than the other analyzed versions. Future research should test our proposal by using external criteria and to obtain evidences for other populations, cultures, or patient profiles. [This article may not exactly replicate the final version published in the APA journal. It is not the copy of record]

Short-Peptide Supramolecular Hydrogels for In Situ Growth of Metal–Organic Framework-Peptide Biocomposites

The development of bio-MOFs or MOF biocomposites through the combination of MOFs with biopolymers offers the possibility of expanding the potential applications of MOFs, making use of more environmentally benign processes and reagents and giving rise to a new generation of greener and more bio-oriented composite materials. Now, with the increasing use of MOFs for biotechnological applications, the development of new protocols and materials to obtain novel bio-MOFs compatible with biomedical or biotechnological uses is needed. Herein, and as a proof of concept, we have explored the possibility of using short-peptide supramolecular hydrogels as media to promote the growth of MOF particles, giving rise to a new family of bio-MOFs. Short-peptide supramolecular hydrogels are very versatile materials that have shown excellent in vitro and in vivo biomedical applications such as tissue engineering and drug delivery vehicles, among others. These peptides self-assemble by noncovalent interactions, and, as such, these hydrogels are easily reversible, being more biocompatible and biodegradable. These peptides can self-assemble by a multitude of stimuli, such as changes in pH, temperature, solvent, adding salts, enzymatic activity, and so forth. In this work, we have taken advantage of this ability to promote peptide self-assembly with some of the components required to form MOF particles, giving rise to more homogeneous and well-integrated composite materials. Hydrogel formation has been triggered using Zn2+ salts, required to form ZIF-8, and formic acid, required to form MOF-808. Two different protocols for the in situ MOF growth have been developed. Finally, the MOF-808 composite hydrogel has been tested for the decontamination of water polluted with phosphate ions as well as for the catalytic degradation of toxic organophosphate methyl paraoxon in an unbuffered solution.Grants PID2020-118498GB-I00PID2020-113608RB-I00MCIN/AEI/10.13039/ 501100011033,Projects P18-FR-3533 and A-FQM-340-UGR20 by FEDER/Junta de Andaluci ́ a-Consejería de Transformación Económica, Industria, Conocimiento y Universidades (Spain)PPJIA2021.20 by Universidad de GranadaMarie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowship (H2020-MSCA-IF-2019-EF-ST-888972-PSustMOF)European Union H2020 programme and EU FEDERGrant PRE2018-083773MCIN/ AEI/10.13039/501100011033ESF Investing in your future”, Spain

Optimization of human keratinocyte culture to develop an artificial human skin model: cell alternatives as feeder layer of Advanced Therapies

Agradecimientos: Servicio de Medicina Nuclear del Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de GranadaObjetivos: En el presente estudio se persigue optimizar el cultivo de queratinocitos para desarrollar un modelo de piel artificial humana. Para ello, se utilizan como capa alimentadora células de origen humano: fibroblastos dérmicos humanos y células mesenquimales troncales derivadas de tejido adiposo. Los resultados obtenidos se comparan con los fibroblastos 3T3, capa alimentadora de origen murino utilizada desde hace décadas. Metodología: Se llevó a cabo un estudio experimental, utilizando células de origen humano y células de origen murino subletalmente irradiadas, como capa alimentadora para el establecimiento del cultivo de queratinocitos. Se evaluó la tasa de expansión celular y la tasa de duplicación en el pase celular de queratinocitos y en la recuperación celular final que se llevó a cabo a las 3 semanas de cultivo; así como el rendimiento celular y la viabilidad celular, que también se evaluaron en el procesamiento inicial. Resultados: Los resultados determinan que los fibroblastos dérmicos humanos irradiados y las células mesenquimales troncales derivadas de tejido adiposo pueden actuar como capa alimentadora promoviendo la adhesión y la expansión celular de los queratinocitos. Los fibroblastos dérmicos humanos proporcionan resultados equiparables a los obtenidos con los fibroblastos 3T3 murinos. Conclusiones: Los fibroblastos dérmicos humanos irradiados proporcionan una capa alimentadora funcional que permite la expansión in vitro de manera eficaz de los queratinocitos que se van a utilizar con fines clínicos para el desarrollo de un modelo de piel artificial humana.Purpose: This study aims to optimize keratinocyte culture to develop an artificial human skin model. For this purpose, human cells are used as feeder layer: human dermal fibroblasts and adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells. The results obtained are compared with 3T3 fibroblasts, murine feeder layer used for decades. Methods: We conducted an experimental study using human and murine sub-lethally irradiated cells as feeder layer for the establishment of keratinocyte culture. Cell expansion rate and doubling rate were evaluated in the keratinocyte cell passage and in the final cell recovery (was carried out at 3 weeks). The yield and viability of keratinocytes were also evaluated in the initial processing. Results: The results determine that irradiated human dermal fibroblasts and irradiated adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells can act as feeder layer promoting adhesion and expansion of keratinocytes. Human dermal fibroblasts provide comparable results to those obtained with murine 3T3 fibroblasts. Conclusions: Irradiated human dermal fibroblasts provide a functional feeder layer which allows effectively in vitro expansion of keratinocytes to be used for clinical purposes for the development of an artificial human skin model

Práctica 10. Regresión Lineal Simple y Correlación en R

Regresión Lineal Simple y Correlación en R. Simple Linear Regression and Correlation in R.Todo el material para el conjunto de actividades de este curso ha sido elaborado y es propiedad intelectual del grupo BioestadisticaR formado por: Juan de Dios Luna del Castillo, Pedro Femia Marzo, Miguel Ángel Montero Alonso, Christian José Acal González, Pedro María Carmona Sáez, Juan Manuel Melchor Rodríguez, José Luis Romero Béjar, Manuela Expósito Ruíz, Juan Antonio Villatoro García, Juan Manuel Praena Fernández, Miguel Ángel Luque Fernández, Francisco Javier Arnedo Fernández. Todos los integrantes del grupo han participado en todas las actividades, en su elección, construcción, correcciones o en su edición final, no obstante, en cada una de ellas, aparecerán uno o más nombres correspondientes a las personas que han tenido la máxima responsabilidad de su elaboración junto al grupo de BioestadisticaR. Todos los materiales están protegidos por la Licencia Creative Commons CC BY-NC-ND que permite "descargar las obras y compartirlas con otras personas, siempre que se reconozca su autoría, pero no se pueden cambiar de ninguna manera ni se pueden utilizar comercialmente"

Inappropriate antibiotic use in the COVID-19 era: Factors associated with inappropriate prescribing and secondary complications. Analysis of the registry SEMI-COVID

Background: Most patients with COVID-19 receive antibiotics despite the fact that bacterial co-infections are rare. This can lead to increased complications, including antibacterial resistance. We aim to analyze risk factors for inappropriate antibiotic prescription in these patients and describe possible complications arising from their use. Methods: The SEMI-COVID-19 Registry is a multicenter, retrospective patient cohort. Patients with antibiotic were divided into two groups according to appropriate or inappropriate prescription, depending on whether the patient fulfill any criteria for its use. Comparison was made by means of multilevel logistic regression analysis. Possible complications of antibiotic use were also identified. Results: Out of 13,932 patients, 3047 (21.6%) were prescribed no antibiotics, 6116 (43.9%) were appropriately prescribed antibiotics, and 4769 (34.2%) were inappropriately prescribed antibiotics. The following were independent factors of inappropriate prescription: February-March 2020 admission (OR 1.54, 95%CI 1.18-2.00), age (OR 0.98, 95%CI 0.97-0.99), absence of comorbidity (OR 1.43, 95%CI 1.05-1.94), dry cough (OR 2.51, 95%CI 1.94-3.26), fever (OR 1.33, 95%CI 1.13-1.56), dyspnea (OR 1.31, 95%CI 1.04-1.69), flu-like symptoms (OR 2.70, 95%CI 1.75-4.17), and elevated C-reactive protein levels (OR 1.01 for each mg/L increase, 95% CI 1.00-1.01). Adverse drug reactions were more frequent in patients who received ANTIBIOTIC (4.9% vs 2.7%, p < .001). Conclusion: The inappropriate use of antibiotics was very frequent in COVID-19 patients and entailed an increased risk of adverse reactions. It is crucial to define criteria for their use in these patients. Knowledge of the factors associated with inappropriate prescribing can be helpful

Recensiones [ Revista de Historia Económica Año XIII Otoño 1995 n. 3 pp. 655-708]

Editada en la Fundación Empresa PúblicaGabriel Tortella. El desarrollo de la España contemporánea: Historia económica de los siglos XIX y XX (Por Richard Herr).-- Mercedes Cabrera. La industria, la prensa y la política, Nicolás María Urgoiti (1869- 1931) (Por Juan Pablo Fusi Aizpurúa).-- Juan Hernández Andreu y José Luis García Ruiz. Lecturas de Historia empresarial (Por Gregorio Núñez Romero-Balmas).-- Luis Javier Coronas Vida. La economía agraria de las tierras de Jaén (1500-1630) (Por Luis Garrido González).-- José Manuel Castaño Blanco. Sayago a la luz del Catastro de Ensenada. Respuestas Generales. Luis Ángel Sánchez Gómez. Sayago. Ganadería y comunalismo agropastoril. Luis Ángel Sánchez Gómez. Las dehesas de Sayago. Explotación, trabajo y estructura social (Por Ricardo Robledo).-- Pedro Sanz Legaristi. El ferrocarril anglo-vasco y la Restauración en Álava (ISHO- 1931) (Por Carlos Larrinaga Rodríguez).-- Antonio López Ontiveros y Rafael Mata Olmo. Propiedad de la tierra y reforma agraria en Córdoba (1932-1936) (Por Luis Enrique Espinoza Guerra).-- COMPAÑÍA SEVILLANA DE ELECTRICIDAD. Cien años de historia (Por Juan Manuel Mates Barco).-- Eugenia Matas. AS Finanças Públicas portuguesas da Regeneragao a Primeira Guerra Mundial. Nuno Valerio. As Finanças Públicas portuguesas entre as duas guerras mundiais. (Por Francisco Comín).-- Jaime Reis. O atraso económico portugués em perspectiva histórica: estudos sobre a economía portuguesa na segunda metade do século XIX (1830-1930) (Por Santiago Zapata Blanco).-- Juan Carlos Garavaglia y Juan Carlos Grosso. Puebla desde una perspectiva microhistórica. La villa de Tepeaca y su entorno agrario: población, producción e intercambio (1740-1870) (Por Carlos Marichal).-- Carmelo Mesa-Lago. Breve Historia económica de la Cuba Socialista. Políticas, resultados y perspectivas (Por Doria González Fernández).-- Phyllis Deane. El Estado y el sistema económico. Introducción a la historia de la economía política (Por Carlos Rodríguez Braun).-- Lorenzo del Planta y Rosella Rettaroli. Introduzione alia demografía storica (Por Josep Bernabeu Mestre).-- Claudia Goldin y Hugh Rockoft. Strategic Factors in Nineteenth Century American Economic History: A volume to honor R. W. Fogel (Por Alfonso Díaz).-- John Habakkuk. Marriage, Debt, and the Estates System. English Landownership 1630-1930 (Por Juan Carmona).-- Forrest H. Capie. Tariffs and growth. Some ilustration from the ivorld economy 1830-1940 (Por Antonio Tena).-- Michael D. Bordo y Barry Eichengreen. A Retrospectíve on the Bretton Woods System: Lessons for International Monetary Reform (Por Félix Várela Parache)Publicad

A meta-analysis of pre-pregnancy maternal body mass index and placental DNA methylation identifies 27 CpG sites with implications for mother-child health

Higher maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (ppBMI) is associated with increased neonatal morbidity, as well as with pregnancy complications and metabolic outcomes in offspring later in life. The placenta is a key organ in fetal development and has been proposed to act as a mediator between the mother and different health outcomes in children. The overall aim of the present work is to investigate the association of ppBMI with epigenome-wide placental DNA methylation (DNAm) in 10 studies from the PACE consortium, amounting to 2631 mother-child pairs. We identify 27 CpG sites at which we observe placental DNAm variations of up to 2.0% per 10 ppBMI-unit. The CpGs that are differentially methylated in placenta do not overlap with CpGs identified in previous studies in cord blood DNAm related to ppBMI. Many of the identified CpGs are located in open sea regions, are often close to obesity-related genes such as GPX1 and LGR4 and altogether, are enriched in cancer and oxidative stress pathways. Our findings suggest that placental DNAm could be one of the mechanisms by which maternal obesity is associated with metabolic health outcomes in newborns and children, although further studies will be needed in order to corroborate these findings.We would like to thank the Pregnancy and Childhood Epigenetics (PACE) consortium, as well as all the families that participated in these studies for their generous contribution. This work was partially funded by GVSAN2018111086 from the Basque Department of Health and PI18/01142 from ISCIII - Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation - cofounded by the ERDF “A way to make Europe” to JRB and LSM, respectively; and by the Joint Programming Initiative – A Healthy Diet for a Healthy Life (JPI HDHL) (NutriPROGRAM). ACP was supported by grant GVSAN2019111085 from the Basque Department of Health to NFJ. Detailed acknowledgements and funding for each participating cohort are described in Supplementary Note 1