Carcinoma da Tireóide

Os autores apresentam um estudo pré, intra e pós-operatório precoce e tardio sobre 69 casos de carcinoma da glândula tireóide, acompanhados e ocorridos num período de 9 anos. Tais tumores ocorreram em 745 tireoidectomias realizadas nesse período. Numa primeira parte, é estudada a incidência em múltiplos aspectos; a seguir, os autores comentam a patologia, comportamento clínico e diagnóstico. Na segunda parte, analisam diversos aspectos do tratamento, dividindo os casos em dois grupos; um que não teve planificação sistematizada (17 casos) por motivos vários. Outro grupo (52 casos) teve orientação terapêutica planificada e sistematizada. Neste último grupo, os autores analisam o tratamento cirúrgico, o actínico, o hormonal e o quimioterápico. Em todos os tópicos comparam a experiência obtida com a revista na literatura

Cooperativas vecinales. Una aproximación a la gestión colaborativa en rehabilitación y conservación de barriadas

The economic and administrative model of cooperative housing -established for the creation of housing developments with advantageous conditions for their futureowners- has been adopted as a successful model in numerous countries. However, most of cooperative promotions are extinguished once the goal of obtaining housinghas been achieved, so that the potential of the collaborative model is not extended in time beyond this milestone.The cohousing experiences mean an important step in the concept of cooperative activity, extending it to the functioning of the groups that inhabit them. Thus, theinhabitants of a cohousing community may provide benefits such as obtaining services with advantageous prices and conditions, and the provision of recreational areas withlow acquisition and maintenance costs. In other words, the cohousing model attempts to transfer the collaborative aspects of the cooperative model onto the neighbors’activity, introducing a lifestyle able to exploit the potential of group versus individual.There are many historical references of these ideas, from the proposals of utopian socialism (Fourier, Godin) to well-known Le Corbusier’s Unités d'Habitation, butperhaps the novelty of contemporary experiences of cohousing is the fact that these are initiatives bottom-up, where the starting point is the community. Therefore, one ofthe determining factors for the success of cohousing is the existence of strong social cohesion of the collective and a sense of belonging to the group. This causes oftentend to think that cohousing is linked to certain ideological sectors, but the reality is that this is a model that transcends these topics and has proven to be a very suitablealternative for certain social groups..El modelo económico y administrativo de la cooperativa de viviendas, desarrollado para la promoción de viviendas con condiciones ventajosas para sus propietarios, haconstituido un modelo de éxito en numerosas experiencias, un sistema capaz de eludir algunos problemas típicos de la promoción convencional. Sin embargo, la mayor partede las cooperativas de promoción se extinguen una vez conseguido el objetivo de la obtención de las viviendas, por lo que el potencial del modelo colaborativo no seprolonga más allá de este hito.Frente a esto, los modelos residenciales basados en el llamado co-housing (covivienda) suponen un paso más en el concepto de cooperativa, extendiendo suactividad al funcionamiento de los colectivos que los habitan. Así, los habitantes de una comunidad co-housing podrán disponer de beneficios como la obtención deservicios con precios y condiciones ventajosas, o la disposición de espacios de esparcimiento o actividad con bajos costes de adquisición y mantenimiento. En otraspalabras, el modelo de co-housing intenta trasladar los aspectos colaborativos del modelo cooperativo al entorno y a la actividad de una comunidad de vecinos,implantando un modo de vida capaz de aprovechar el potencial del grupo frente al individuo.Existen multitud de referentes históricos de estas ideas, desde las propuestas del socialismo utópico (Fourier, Godin) a las conocidas Unités d’habitation de LeCorbusier. Lo novedoso de las iniciativas contemporáneas de co-housing es su carácter bottom-up: modelos en los que el punto de partida es la comunidad, y desdeella surge la necesidad y la idea de la vida colaborativa. Por tanto, uno de los factores determinantes para el éxito de un co-housing es una fuerte cohesión social de grupo yun sentimiento de pertenencia al colectivo. Esto hace pensar, a menudo, que el cohousing está vinculado a determinados sectores ideológicos; en realidad, se trata deun modelo que trasciende esos tópicos y se ha mostrado como una alternativa muy apropiada para determinados grupos sociales.El proyecto I+D+i Cooperativas vecinales. Modelo de gestión colaborativa en rehabilitación y conservación de barriadas intenta, entre otros objetivos, indagar en lasposibilidades del cooperativismo y el co-housing como medio para la recuperación, rehabilitación y conservación de edificios y entornos urbanos

The mitochondrial inhibitor oligomycin induces an inflammatory response in the rat knee joint

[Abstract] Background. Recent findings support a connection between mitochondrial dysfunction and activation of inflammatory pathways in articular cells. This study investigates in vivo in an acute model whether intra-articular administration of oligomycin, an inhibitor of mitochondrial function, induces an oxidative and inflammatory response in rat knee joints. Methods. Oligomycin was injected into the rat left knee joint on days 0, 2, and 5 before joint tissues were obtained on day 6. The right knee joint served as control. Results were evaluated by macroscopy and histopathology and by measuring cellular and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS), 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE, a marker of lipid peroxidation), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and CD68 (macrophages) and chemokine levels. The marker of mitochondrial mass COX-IV was also evaluated. Results. The macroscopic findings showed significantly greater swelling in oligomycin-injected knees than in control knees. Likewise, the histological score of synovial damage was also increased significantly. Immunohistochemical studies showed high expression of IL-8, coinciding with a marked infiltration of polymorphonuclears and CD68+ cells in the synovium. Mitochondrial mass was increased in the synovium of oligomycin-injected joints, as well as cellular and mitochondrial ROS production, and 4-HNE. Relatedly, expression of the oxidative stress-related transcription factor Nrf2 was also increased. As expected, no histological differences were observed in the cartilage; however, cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant-1 mRNA and protein expression were up-regulated in this tissue. Conclusions. Mitochondrial failure in the joint is able to reproduce the oxidative and inflammatory status observed in arthritic joints.Instituto de Salud Carlos III; 09/02340Instituto de Salud Carlos III, RD12/0009/0018, RIERGalicia. Consellería de Innovación, Industria e Comercio; PXIB916357PRInstituto de Salud Carlos III; PI12/02771Xunta de Galicia; PS09/56Galicia. Consellería de Economía e Industria; INCITE 09E1R916139ESGalicia. Consellería de Economía e Industria; IN845B2010/176Galicia. Consellería de Economía e Industria; 10CSA916035P

The mitochondrial inhibitor oligomycin induces an inflammatory response in the rat knee joint

[Abstract] Background. Recent findings support a connection between mitochondrial dysfunction and activation of inflammatory pathways in articular cells. This study investigates in vivo in an acute model whether intra-articular administration of oligomycin, an inhibitor of mitochondrial function, induces an oxidative and inflammatory response in rat knee joints. Methods. Oligomycin was injected into the rat left knee joint on days 0, 2, and 5 before joint tissues were obtained on day 6. The right knee joint served as control. Results were evaluated by macroscopy and histopathology and by measuring cellular and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS), 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE, a marker of lipid peroxidation), nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and CD68 (macrophages) and chemokine levels. The marker of mitochondrial mass COX-IV was also evaluated. Results. The macroscopic findings showed significantly greater swelling in oligomycin-injected knees than in control knees. Likewise, the histological score of synovial damage was also increased significantly. Immunohistochemical studies showed high expression of IL-8, coinciding with a marked infiltration of polymorphonuclears and CD68+ cells in the synovium. Mitochondrial mass was increased in the synovium of oligomycin-injected joints, as well as cellular and mitochondrial ROS production, and 4-HNE. Relatedly, expression of the oxidative stress-related transcription factor Nrf2 was also increased. As expected, no histological differences were observed in the cartilage; however, cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant-1 mRNA and protein expression were up-regulated in this tissue. Conclusions. Mitochondrial failure in the joint is able to reproduce the oxidative and inflammatory status observed in arthritic joints.Instituto de Salud Carlos III; 09/02340Instituto de Salud Carlos III, RD12/0009/0018, RIERGalicia. Consellería de Innovación, Industria e Comercio; PXIB916357PRInstituto de Salud Carlos III; PI12/02771Xunta de Galicia; PS09/56Galicia. Consellería de Economía e Industria; INCITE 09E1R916139ESGalicia. Consellería de Economía e Industria; IN845B2010/176Galicia. Consellería de Economía e Industria; 10CSA916035P

Co-regulation analysis of closely linked genes identifies a highly recurrent gain on chromosome 17q25.3 in prostate cancer

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Transcriptional profiling of prostate cancer (PC) has unveiled new markers of neoplasia and allowed insights into mechanisms underlying this disease. Genomewide analyses have also identified new chromosomal abnormalities associated with PC. The combination of both classes of data for the same sample cohort might provide better criteria for identifying relevant factors involved in neoplasia. Here we describe transcriptional signatures identifying distinct normal and tumoral prostate tissue compartments, and the inference and demonstration of a new, highly recurrent copy number gain on chromosome 17q25.3.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We have applied transcriptional profiling to tumoral and non-tumoral prostate samples with relatively homogeneous epithelial representations as well as pure stromal tissue from peripheral prostate and cultured cell lines, followed by quantitative RT-PCR validations and immunohistochemical analysis. In addition, we have performed <it>in silico </it>colocalization analysis of co-regulated genes and validation by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>The transcriptomic analysis has allowed us to identify signatures corresponding to non-tumoral luminal and tumoral epithelium, basal epithelial cells, and prostate stromal tissue. In addition, <it>in silico </it>analysis of co-regulated expression of physically linked genes has allowed us to predict the occurrence of a copy number gain at chromosomal region 17q25.3. This computational inference was validated by fluorescent <it>in situ </it>hybridization, which showed gains in this region in over 65% of primary and metastatic tumoral samples.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Our approach permits to directly link gene copy number variations with transcript co-regulation in association with neoplastic states. Therefore, transcriptomic studies of carefully selected samples can unveil new diagnostic markers and transcriptional signatures highly specific of PC, and lead to the discovery of novel genomic abnormalities that may provide additional insights into the causes and mechanisms of prostate cancer.</p

New GTC spectroscopic data and a statistical study to better constrain the redshift of the BL Lac RGB J2243 + 203

We present new spectroscopic data of the BL Lac RGB 2243 + 203, and its surroundings, obtained with the OSIRIS Multi Object Spectrograph (MOS) mounted in the Gran Telescopio Canarias (GTC). The spectra of neither the BL Lac nor its host galaxy show any spectral feature, thus hindering direct determination of its redshift. The spectroscopic redshift distribution of objects in the MOS field of view shows four galaxies with redshift between 0.5258 and 0.5288. We make use of a statistical analysis to test the possibility that the targeted BL Lac may be a member of that group. By using the spectroscopic redshifts obtained with our GTC observations, we found that this probability is between 86 and 93 per cent.Fil: Rosa González, D. Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica, Optica y Electrónica; MéxicoFil: Muriel, Hernan. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Astronomía Teórica y Experimental. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Observatorio Astronómico de Córdoba. Instituto de Astronomía Teórica y Experimental; ArgentinaFil: Mayya, Y. D.. Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica, Optica y Electrónica; MéxicoFil: Aretxaga, I.. Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica, Optica y Electrónica; MéxicoFil: Becerra González, J.. Instituto de Astrofisica de Canarias; EspañaFil: Carramiñana, Alberto. Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica, Optica y Electrónica; MéxicoFil: Méndez-Abreu, J.. Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica, Optica y Electrónica; MéxicoFil: Vega, O. Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica, Optica y Electrónica; MéxicoFil: Terlevich, E-. Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica, Optica y Electrónica; MéxicoFil: Coutiño de León, S.. Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica, Optica y Electrónica; MéxicoFil: Furniss, A.. Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica, Optica y Electrónica; MéxicoFil: Longinotti, A. L.. Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica, Optica y Electrónica; MéxicoFil: Terlevich, R. J.. Instituto Nacional de Astrofísica, Optica y Electrónica; MéxicoFil: Pichel, Ana Carolina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio. - Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio; ArgentinaFil: Rovero, Adrian Carlos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio. - Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Astronomía y Física del Espacio; ArgentinaFil: Donzelli, Carlos Jose. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Astronomía Teórica y Experimental. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Observatorio Astronómico de Córdoba. Instituto de Astronomía Teórica y Experimental; Argentin

Persistent symptoms and decreased health-related quality of life after symptomatic pediatric COVID-19: A prospective study in a Latin American tertiary hospital

OBJECTIVES: To prospectively evaluate demographic, anthropometric and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in pediatric patients with laboratory-confirmed coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) METHODS: This was a longitudinal observational study of surviving pediatric post-COVID-19 patients (n=53) and pediatric subjects without laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 included as controls (n=52) was performed. RESULTS: The median duration between COVID-19 diagnosis (n=53) and follow-up was 4.4 months (0.8-10.7). Twenty-three of 53 (43%) patients reported at least one persistent symptom at the longitudinal follow-up visit and 12/53 (23%) had long COVID-19, with at least one symptom lasting for &gt;12 weeks. The most frequently reported symptoms at the longitudinal follow-up visit were headache (19%), severe recurrent headache (9%), tiredness (9%), dyspnea (8%), and concentration difficulty (4%). At the longitudinal follow-up visit, the frequencies of anemia (11%&nbsp;versus&nbsp;0%,&nbsp;p=0.030), lymphopenia (42%&nbsp;versus&nbsp;18%,&nbsp;p=0.020), C-reactive protein level of &gt;30 mg/L (35%&nbsp;versus&nbsp;0%,&nbsp;p=0.0001), and D-dimer level of &gt;1000 ng/mL (43%&nbsp;versus&nbsp;6%,&nbsp;p=0.0004) significantly reduced compared with baseline values. Chest X-ray abnormalities (11%&nbsp;versus&nbsp;2%,&nbsp;p=0.178) and cardiac alterations on echocardiogram (33%&nbsp;versus&nbsp;22%,&nbsp;p=0.462) were similar at both visits. Comparison of characteristic data between patients with COVID-19 at the longitudinal follow-up visit and controls showed similar age (p=0.962), proportion of male sex (p=0.907), ethnicity (p=0.566), family minimum monthly wage (p=0.664), body mass index (p=0.601), and pediatric pre-existing chronic conditions (p=1.000). The Pediatric Quality of Live Inventory 4.0 scores, median physical score (69 [0-100]&nbsp;versus&nbsp;81 [34-100],&nbsp;p=0.012), and school score (60 [15-100]&nbsp;versus&nbsp;70 [15-95],&nbsp;p=0.028) were significantly lower in pediatric patients with COVID-19 at the longitudinal follow-up visit than in controls. CONCLUSIONS: Pediatric patients with COVID-19 showed a longitudinal impact on HRQoL parameters, particularly in physical/school domains, reinforcing the need for a prospective multidisciplinary approach for these patients. These data highlight the importance of closer monitoring of children and adolescents by the clinical team after COVID-19