A RELIGIÃO E SEUS DESDOBRAMENTOS

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Valores e usos da natureza amazônica: O artesanato e o potencial conservacionista da entidade agroextrativista “Natureza & Arte” na Comunidade do Cafezal em Barcarena - Pará

The present article approaches the handcraft practices developed in the “neighborhood” of Cafezal, in the municipality of Barcarena, State of Pará. An activity born due to the need of territorial memory and the original Amazonian knowledge preservation, connected to sociobiodiversity, which is being lost through the advances of “modernization” and corporate “development”, both carried on rural, riparian and forest areas. However, our problem is fixed on knowing: how the artisanal practice is beneficial the local environment and society? In order to answer the question an inventory of the social construction in Cafezal was performed; together with an evaluation of the extension of the impact on the areas of clay extraction and a diagnosis of the social (re)configurations, concerning the advance of artisanal work in the community. The methodology of research was guided by a participant survey, along with documental surveys, consultation to personal archives of the members of Cafezal community and the association of artisans as well as the observation of the productive chain in manufacturing the clay pieces. The research presents as main result the plurality of original-traditional Amazonian knowledge, which suffered or have been suffering changes or modify the landscape of the territory itself, that being of social contrasts or the ecosystem. For such, it is understood that the focus of discussions from the issues of political ecology is essential due to environmental rationality maintained in the locality, noticing the local validity of a “territory of artisans”. Keywords: Conservation; Political Ecology; Environmental Rationality; Artisan Territory.O presente artigo faz uma abordagem acerca das práticas artesanais desenvolvidas no “bairro” Cafezal, no município de Barcarena, Estado do Pará. Uma atividade que nasce devido à necessidade de conservar a memória territorial e os saberes originários amazônicos, ligados à “sociobiodiversidade”, mas que vem se perdendo mediante aos avanços da “modernização” e o “desenvolvimento” empresarial sob áreas rurais, ribeirinhas e florestais. Contudo, nossa problemática assenta-se em saber: como a prática artesanal local é benéfica para o ambiente e a sociedade do Cafezal? Para responder ao questionamento, objetivou-se inventariar a construção social do Cafezal; avaliar a extensão do impacto sobre as áreas de extração da argila e diagnosticar as (re)configurações sociais, mediante ao avanço do trabalho artesanal na comunidade. A metodologia de pesquisa se pautou em uma pesquisa participante, juntamente a levantamentos documentais, consulta ao acervo pessoal de membros da comunidade do Cafezal, bem como na associação de artesãos e na observação da cadeia produtiva de criação das peças em argila. A pesquisa apresenta como resultado principal a pluralidade dos saberes originários-tradicionais amazônicos, que sofreram e sofrem mudanças ou modificam a própria paisagem do território, seja ela dos contrastes sociais ou do próprio ecossistema. Para tanto, entende-se que o enfoque das discussões a partir das questões da Ecologia Política, coloca-se como imprescindível devido à racionalidade ambiental mantida na localidade, constatando a validez local de um “território dos artesãos”. Palavras-chave: Conservação; Ecologia Política; Racionalidade Ambiental; Território Artesanal.   Values and uses of Amazonian nature: Craftsmanship and the potential for conservation of the agroextractivist entity “Nature & Arts” in the Community of Cafezal, Barcarena (state of Pará) Abstract The present article approaches the handcraft practices developed in the “neighborhood” of Cafezal, in the municipality of Barcarena, State of Pará. An activity born due to the need of territorial memory and the original Amazonian knowledge preservation, connected to sociobiodiversity, which is being lost through the advances of “modernization” and corporate “development”, both carried on rural, riparian and forest areas. However, our problem is fixed on knowing: how the artisanal practice is beneficial the local environment and society? In order to answer the question an inventory of the social construction in Cafezal was performed; together with an evaluation of the extension of the impact on the areas of clay extraction and a diagnosis of the social (re)configurations, concerning the advance of artisanal work in the community. The methodology of research was guided by a participant survey, along with documental surveys, consultation to personal archives of the members of Cafezal community and the association of artisans as well as the observation of the productive chain in manufacturing the clay pieces. The research presents as main result the plurality of original-traditional Amazonian knowledge, which suffered or have been suffering changes or modify the landscape of the territory itself, that being of social contrasts or the ecosystem. For such, it is understood that the focus of discussions from the issues of political ecology is essential due to environmental rationality maintained in the locality, noticing the local validity of a “territory of artisans”. Keywords: Conservation; Political Ecology; Environmental Rationality; Artisan Territory.   Valeurs et utilisations de la nature amazonienne: L’artisanat et le potentiel conservateur de l’entité agroextrativista "Nature & Art" dans la Communauté du Cafezal à Barcarena (Pará) Résumé Cet article traite des pratiques artisanales développées dans le "quartier" de Cafezal, dans la municipalité de Barcarena, État du Pará. Une activité née de la nécessité de conserver la mémoire territoriale et les savoirs d’origine amazonienne, liés à la sociobiodiversité qui se perd avec les avances de la "modernisation" et du "développement" d’entreprise, tous les deux sur les zones rurales, riveraines et forestières. Cependant, notre problématique cherche à comprendre :  comment la pratique artisanale locale est-elle bénéfique pour l’environnement et la société locale? Pour répondre à cette question, l’objectif a été d’inventorier la construction sociale de Cafezal; évaluer l’ampleur de l’impact sur les zones d’extraction de l’argile et de diagnostiquer les (ré)paramètres sociaux, en progressant le travail artisanal dans la communauté. La méthodologie de recherche a été guidée par une recherche participative, ainsi que par des enquêtes documentaires, la consultation de la collection personnelle des membres de la communauté de Cafezal, ainsi que par l’association des artisans et l’observation de la chaîne de production de création des pièces en argile. La recherche présente comme résultat principal la pluralité des connaissances originaires-traditionnelles amazoniennes qui ont subi et qui subissent des changements ou modifient le paysage du territoire, soit concernant des contrastes sociaux ou de l’écosystème lui-même. Pour ce faire, il est entendu que l’approche des discussions à partir des questions de l’écologie politique se pose comme indispensable en raison de la rationalité environnementale maintenue dans la localité, en constatant la validité locale d’un "territoire des artisans". Mots-clés: Conservation; Écologie Politique; Rationalité Environnementale; Territoire Artisanal

Fora do armário, dentro das normas:

In order to analyze contributions made by the World Health Organization (WHO) related to the mental health care of the LGBTQI community, documents produced by the WHO that linked responsibility for actions related to LGBTQI mental health were analyzed. Such contributions were sensitive to socio-political-economic contexts on a global scale, justifying the character of being institutional responses to external problems. Finally, the institutional dynamics of WHO, as well as its own structural character (of dependence on States) corroborate that the discursive practices of LGBTQI mental health care are in need of further developments, even if based on theories and values such as human rights.Para analizar los aportes de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) relacionados con la atención de la salud mental de la comunidad LGBTQI, se analizaron documentos elaborados por la OMS que vinculan la responsabilidad por acciones relacionadas con la salud mental LGBTQI. Dichos aportes fueron sensibles a contextos socio-político-económicos a escala global, justificando el carácter de respuestas institucionales a problemas externos. Finalmente, la dinámica institucional de la OMS, así como su propio carácter estructural (de dependencia de los Estados) corroboran que las prácticas discursivas de la atención en salud mental LGBTQI necesitan más desarrollos, aunque estén basados en teorías y valores como los derechos. humanos.Com o objetivo de analisar contribuições empreendidas pela Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) relativas à atenção à saúde mental da comunidade LGBTQI, foram analisados documentos produzidos pela OMS que vinculavam a ela responsabilidade de ações relativos à saúde mental LGBTQI. Tais contribuições encontravam-se sensíveis aos contextos sócio-político-econômicos em escala global, justificando o caráter de serem respostas institucionais às problemáticas externas. Por fim, as dinâmicas institucionais da OMS, bem como seu próprio caráter estrutural (de dependência aos Estados) corroboram para que as práticas discursivas de atenção à saúde mental LGBTQI sejam carentes de maiores desdobramentos, mesmo que embasadas em teorias e valores como o dos direitos humanos

Anatomia do lenho de Cestrum strigilatum (Solanaceae)

São presentemente descritos os caracteres microscópicos do lenho de Cestrum strigilatum, com base em amostra procedente do Rio Grande do Sul (Brasil). Na estrutura anatômica, salientam-se: a ausência de parênquima axial, fibras septadas apenas junto aos vasos e fibras não septadas no restante do lenho, e pontoações simples alongadas pelo lado do parênquima radial, subtendendo, comumente, duas pontoaçõesareoladas de vaso

Study and Application of a Recurrence Relationship / Estudo e Aplicação de uma Relação de Recorrência

Recurrence relationships allow us to accurately determine logarithms, square roots, factorials, several sequences (like Fibonacci), roots of equations and more. This paper aims to describe a recurrence relationship and present some applications. It presents the concept of reciprocal matrix and allowed the approximation of non perfect square roots of positive integers and their representation in continuous fraction. In addition, there was a correspondence between this study and the so-called Fibonacci polynomials. As it is a new job, more studies are needed to expand its concepts and applications

Family resources and promotion of development of children with cerebral palsy

Introduction: Cerebral palsy (CP) describes a group of permanent disorders of movement and posture, causing activity limitation, attributed to a non-progressive disorder that occurs in the developing brain. The family of a child with CP becomes essential and will be much in demand, both to drive the child’s development in a favourable environment and to maintain his health. A well-functioning family and a variety of environmental stimuli can be decisive in supporting children with CP.Objective: To analyse family dynamics and the availability of child development-promoting resources in the family environment of children with CP.Methods: We recruited a sample of 25 mothers of children with PC in the Hospital das Clínicas of Ribeirão Preto. Mothers completed the Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scale (FACES IV), the Inventory of the Family Environment Resources (FER) and a sociodemographic questionnaire. Results: The average age of mothers was 32.3 (±7.6) years; 68 per cent had completed at least primary education and 80 per cent were living with a partner. The average age of the children was 48.0 (±15.5) months; 56 per cent were girls and 68 per cent attended day care or preschool. Moderate correlations were observed between environmental resources and family functioning (0.39<r<0.70), and the FACES IV indicative scales of good family functioning showed positive correlations with the overall score of FER.Conclusion: Children with PC have few opportunities to participate in activities outside the home, but have received a good supply of resources in their homes. Well-functioning family dynamics showed an association with a greater supply of resources in the domestic environment

USO DO GEOPLANO COMO MATERIAL MANIPULATIVO E INCLUSIVO: Matemática e suas práticas de ensino-aprendizagem

A presente pesquisa teve origem durante a realização de uma atividade interdisciplinar, entre as disciplinas de Estágio Supervisionado I, Educação Inclusiva e Laboratório de Prática e Ensino-Aprendizagem I, do quinto período, do curso de Licenciatura em Matemática do Instituto Federal Catarinense-campus Camboriú, a qual teve como objetivo a construção de um material manipulativo para a prática de ensino-aprendizagem, numa perspectiva inclusiva. Desta forma, foi confeccionado um geoplano, construído com materiais alternativos, como por exemplo, tábua de madeira reutilizável, pregos, barbantes, com o propósito de ser utilizado como ferramenta pedagógica no ensino da matemática, tendo como público alvo, alunos com deficiência visual

Mentol como anestésico natural para guppy

The objective of this study was to evaluate different menthol concentrations for the anesthesia of adult females, adult males, and juvenile guppy (Poecilia reticulata). To this end, 30 adult females (0.379 ± 0.108 g), 30 adult males (0.220 ± 0.049 g), and 30 juveniles (0.033 ± 0.016 g) were used. The animals were individually exposed to five concentrations of menthol (50, 100, 150, 200, and 250 mg L-1), six fish per concentration. The induction times, anesthetic recovery, and mortality up to 96 h after the experiment were evaluated. The concentration of 50 mg L-1 did not induce anesthesia in any of the studied groups. The concentrations of 100 and 250 mg L-1 resulted in 100% mortality in the adults (male and female) and juveniles, respectively. The concentrations from 150 to 250 mg L-1 and from 150 to 200 mg L-1 of menthol were efficient and safe for use as anesthesia for guppy adults (male and female) and juveniles, respectively.O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar diferentes concentrações de mentol para anestesia de fêmeas adultas, machos adultos e juvenis de guppy (Poecilia reticulata). Para isto, foram utilizadas 30 fêmeas adultas (0,379 ± 0,108 g), 30 machos adultos (0,220 ± 0,049 g) e 30 juvenis (0,033 ± 0,016 g). Os animais foram expostos, individualmente, a cinco concentrações de mentol (50, 100, 150, 200 e 250 mg L-1), seis peixes por concentração, sendo avaliados os tempos de indução e recuperação anestésica e a mortalidade até 96 h após a realização do experimento. A concentração de 50 mg L-1 não induziu a anestesia em nenhum dos grupos avaliados. As concentrações de 100 e 250 mg L-1 ocasionaram a mortalidade de 100% dos adultos (machos e fêmeas) e juvenis, respectivamente. As concentrações de 150 a 250 mg L-1 e 150 a 200 mg L-1 de mentol demonstram eficácia e segurança para anestesia de adultos (machos e fêmeas) e juvenis de guppy, respectivamente

Digestibility of swine liver and meat protein hydrolysates by Nile tilapia

The objective of this work was to evaluate the digestibility of the protein, amino acids, and gross energy of swine liver and meat hydrolysates by Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The fish were distributed into 12 tanks with conical bottoms, in a completely randomized design, and fed with the three following diets, with four replicates each: a reference diet with soybean and fish meal; and two test diets, one with swine liver hydrolysate and the other with swine meat hydrolysate. The coefficients of apparent digestibility were high for both hydrolysates, being above 83% for dry matter, 95% for crude protein, and 92% for gross energy. Regarding amino acids, the coefficients remained at 98–100% for the two hydrolysates. The digestibility percentages of the hydrolysates were higher than those of the protein ingredients, both of plant and animal origin, commonly used in the formulation of diets for this fish species. The tested hydrolysates have potential to be used in the formulation of diets for Nile tilapia.O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a digestibilidade da proteína, dos aminoácidos e da energia bruta de hidrolisado de fígado e carne suínos pela tilápia-do-nilo (Oreochromis niloticus). Os peixes foram distribuídos em 12 tanques com fundo cônico, em delineamento inteiramente causalizado, tendo sido alimentados com as seguintes três dietas, com quatro repetições cada uma: dieta referência com farinha de soja e de peixe; e duas dietas teste, uma com hidrolisado de fígado suíno e outra com hidrolisado de carne suína. Os coeficientes de digestibilidade aparente foram elevados para ambos os hidrolisados, tendo sido acima de 83% para matéria seca, 95% para proteína bruta e 92% para energia. Em relação aos aminoácidos, os coeficientes permaneceram entre 98–100% para os dois hidrolisados. Os percentuais de digestibilidade dos hidrolisados foram maiores do que os dos ingredientes proteicos, tanto de origem vegetal como animal, comumente utilizados na fabricação de dietas para esta espécie de peixe. Os hidrolisados testados têm potencial para serem usados na formulação de dietas para tilápia-do-nilo