The Becoming of the Past: an Exploration of Temporal Tension Enactments in a Historical Café

The uses of the past are the subject of a stream of research at the intersection of organization studies and business history, which highlights the importance of the past as a “tool” for organizations, but also acknowledges its potential being an “arena of struggle” among organizational actors. However, most contributions in this literature study the uses of the past quite statically, at a given moment in time. Adopting a temporality perspective - i.e. considering the past as constantly (re)negotiated in the present and in relation with the future -, and employing a retrospective study based on historical sources, this paper aims at understanding how the past becomes past and how it informs future outcomes. The empirical case used to explore this research question is the Caffè Pedrocchi, an historical café in Padua (Italy), which the founder’s heir left as a bequest to the Municipality, explicitly positing a past-future tension in the use of its past. We found out that in the history of the café there was no such thing as “the” past to be projected for the future, but four main forms that the same café’s past took (legacy, burden, constraint, enabler), varying along two dimensions: the past’s positive/negative value, and the active/passive role assigned to it. Also, every form of the past came with at least two possible future outcomes: continuous future (the maintenance of the status quo) and discontinuous future, occurring whenever some actor intervened influentially, also creating a new form of the past. By disentangling the role of the past beyond being just a tool or an arena of struggle, we provide a processual view on how the past shifts its forms according to the actors’ interventions and future outcomes

Public Discourse and Category Formation: A Topic Modelling Exploration of ‘Historical Shops’ on Italian Media

This paper addresses the role of public discourse in processes of category formation. Tracing the emergence and diffusion of a category on the media, and exploring the discourses generated on the media within and around the emerging category, the paper reflects on how these discourses concur in performing the very category they portray. The focus is set on the Historical Shops category, as part of broader processes of urban categorisations for local development and regeneration. By means of a Topic Modelling of a corpus of 3262 press articles collected from Italian news sources between 2009 and 2019, the paper finds that public discourse plays three main roles: echoing category creation processes by policymakers, grounding the rising category in wider discourses of retail crisis, urban degradation, regeneration and overtourism, and narrating it by explaining what Historical Shops are, where they are located, which issues they face and which responses they receive at different institutional levels. Overall, in this paper, the semi-automated techniques afforded by Topic Modelling offer a way to enter the meaning construction processes and elicit the agential role of public discourse in the formation of a category

Competitiveness of Heritage Sites: A comparison between Scuola Grande della Misericordia in Venice and Oude Kerk in Amsterdam

The presence of outstanding cultural assets is not always a synonym of tourism and local development. This means that the competitiveness of a destination or a site is also related to other factors, which have been studied and gathered within respective theoretical frameworks by different researchers, focusing the urban destination (Van den Berg, Van der Borg, Van der Meer, 1995), the site level (Jansen-Verbeke, 2012), and the relationship between heritage conservation and tourist use (McKercher, Du Cros, 2002). In the present paper, these three different models have been applied to two cases: Scuola Grande della Misericordia in Venice and Oude Kerk in Amsterdam. Two flexible spaces, recently restored, they are both important on the community level for their past function and modern adaptive re-use. Results demonstrate the usefulness of the models in offering an operative tool to evaluate the site on its own, but also their limits in a network destination governance perspective: thus they open to models integrations and future research in this domain

When, How, and to What Extent Are Individuals with Unresponsive Wakefulness Syndrome Able to Progress? Functional Independence

[EN] Accurate estimation of the functional independence of patients with unresponsive wakefulness syndrome (UWS) is essential to adjust family and clinical expectations and plan long-term necessary resources. Although different studies have described the clinical course of these patients, they have methodological limitations that could restrict generalization of the results. This study investigates the neurobehavioral progress of 100 patients with UWS consecutively admitted to a neurorehabilitation center using systematic weekly assessments based on standardized measures, and the functional independence staging of those patients who emerged from a minimally conscious state (MCS) during the first year post-emergence. Our results showed that one year after emergence, most patients were severely dependent, although some of them showed extreme or moderate severity. Clinically meaningful functional improvement was less likely to occur in cognitively-demanding activities, such as activities of daily living and executive function. Consequently, the use of specific and staging functional independence measures, with domain-specific evaluations, are recommended to detect the functional changes that might be expected in these patients. The information provided by these instruments, together with that obtained from repeated assessments of the preserved consciousness with standardized instruments, could help clinicians to adjust expectations and plan necessary resources for this population.This research was funded by the program RISE-Marie-Slodowska-Curie of the European Commission (Grant agreement 778234), by Conselleria de Educacion, Investigacion, Cultura y Deporte of Generalitat Valenciana (SEJI/2019/017), and by Vicerrectorado de Investigacion, Innovacion y transferencia of Universitat Politecnica de Valencia (PAID-06-18).Olaya, J.; Noé, E.; Navarro, MD.; O'valle, M.; Colomer, C.; Moliner, B.; Ippoliti, C.... (2020). When, How, and to What Extent Are Individuals with Unresponsive Wakefulness Syndrome Able to Progress? Functional Independence. Brain Sciences. 10(12):1-14. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10120990S1141012Jennett, B., & Plum, F. (1972). PERSISTENT VEGETATIVE STATE AFTER BRAIN DAMAGE. The Lancet, 299(7753), 734-737. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(72)90242-5Casarett, D., Fishman, J. M., MacMoran, H. J., Pickard, A., & Asch, D. A. (2005). Epidemiology and prognosis of coma in daytime television dramas. BMJ, 331(7531), 1537-1539. doi:10.1136/bmj.331.7531.1537Septien, S., & Rubin, M. (2018). Disorders of Consciousness: Ethical Issues of Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prognostication. Seminars in Neurology, 38(05), 548-554. doi:10.1055/s-0038-1667384Giacino, J. T., & Kalmar, K. (1997). The Vegetative and Minimally Conscious States: A Comparison of Clinical Features and Functional Outcome. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 12(4), 36-51. doi:10.1097/00001199-199708000-00005Burke, W. J., Fins, J. J., Schiff, N. D., Machado, C., Giacino, J. I., Ashwal, S., … Zasler, N. D. (2002). The minimally conscious state: Definition and diagnostic criteria. Neurology, 59(9), 1473-1474. doi:10.1212/wnl.59.9.1473Laureys, S., Celesia, G. G., Cohadon, F., Lavrijsen, J., León-Carrión, J., … Dolce, G. (2010). Unresponsive wakefulness syndrome: a new name for the vegetative state or apallic syndrome. BMC Medicine, 8(1). doi:10.1186/1741-7015-8-68Sarà, M., Sacco, S., Cipolla, F., Onorati, P., Scoppetta, C., Albertini, G., & Carolei, A. (2007). An unexpected recovery from permanent vegetative state. Brain Injury, 21(1), 101-103. doi:10.1080/02699050601151761Dhamapurkar, S. K., Rose, A., Florschutz, G., & Wilson, B. A. (2015). The natural history of continuing improvement in an individual after a long period of impaired consciousness: The story of I.J. Brain Injury, 30(2), 230-236. doi:10.3109/02699052.2015.1094132Faran, S. (2006). Late recovery from permanent traumatic vegetative state heralded by event-related potentials. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry, 77(8), 998-1000. doi:10.1136/jnnp.2005.076554Childs, N. L., & Mercer, W. N. (1996). Late Improvement in Consciousness after Post-Traumatic Vegetative State. New England Journal of Medicine, 334(1), 24-25. doi:10.1056/nejm199601043340105McMillan, T. M., & Herbert, C. M. (2004). Further recovery in a potential treatment withdrawal case 10 years after brain injury. Brain Injury, 18(9), 935-940. doi:10.1080/02699050410001675915Sancisi, E., Battistini, A., Stefano, C. D., Simoncini, L., Simoncini, L., Montagna, P., & Piperno, R. (2009). Late recovery from post-traumatic vegetative state. Brain Injury, 23(2), 163-166. doi:10.1080/02699050802660446Illman, N. A., & Crawford, S. (2017). Late-recovery from «permanent» vegetative state in the context of severe traumatic brain injury: A case report exploring objective and subjective aspects of recovery and rehabilitation. Neuropsychological Rehabilitation, 28(8), 1360-1374. doi:10.1080/09602011.2017.1313167De Tanti, A., Saviola, D., Basagni, B., Cavatorta, S., Chiari, M., Casalino, S., … Galvani, R. (2016). Recovery of consciousness after 7 years in vegetative state of non-traumatic origin: A single case study. Brain Injury, 30(8), 1029-1034. doi:10.3109/02699052.2016.1147078Naro, A., Calabrò, R. S., Pollicino, P., Lombardo, C., & Bramanti, P. (2017). Unexpected recovery from a vegetative state or misdiagnosis? Lesson learned from a case report. NeuroRehabilitation, 41(4), 735-738. doi:10.3233/nre-172160JENNETT, B. (1975). ASSESSMENT OF OUTCOME AFTER SEVERE BRAIN DAMAGE A Practical Scale. The Lancet, 305(7905), 480-484. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(75)92830-5Gouvier, W., Blanton, P., & LaPorte, K. (1987). Reliability and validity of the disability rating scale and the levels of cognitive functioning scale in monitoring recovery from severe head injury. Journal of Head Trauma Rehabilitation, 2(4), 91. doi:10.1097/00001199-198712000-00015Katz, D. I., Polyak, M., Coughlan, D., Nichols, M., & Roche, A. (2009). Natural history of recovery from brain injury after prolonged disorders of consciousness: outcome of patients admitted to inpatient rehabilitation with 1–4 year follow-up. Coma Science: Clinical and Ethical Implications, 73-88. doi:10.1016/s0079-6123(09)17707-5Luaute, J., Maucort-Boulch, D., Tell, L., Quelard, F., Sarraf, T., Iwaz, J., … Fischer, C. (2010). Long-term outcomes of chronic minimally conscious and vegetative states. Neurology, 75(3), 246-252. doi:10.1212/wnl.0b013e3181e8e8dfEstraneo, A., Moretta, P., Loreto, V., Lanzillo, B., Santoro, L., & Trojano, L. (2010). Late recovery after traumatic, anoxic, or hemorrhagic long-lasting vegetative state. Neurology, 75(3), 239-245. doi:10.1212/wnl.0b013e3181e8e8ccEstraneo, A., Moretta, P., Loreto, V., Lanzillo, B., Cozzolino, A., Saltalamacchia, A., … Trojano, L. (2013). Predictors of recovery of responsiveness in prolonged anoxic vegetative state. Neurology, 80(5), 464-470. doi:10.1212/wnl.0b013e31827f0f31Steppacher, I., Kaps, M., & Kissler, J. (2014). Will time heal? A long‐term follow‐up of severe disorders of consciousness. Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology, 1(6), 401-408. doi:10.1002/acn3.63Stineman, M. G., Ross, R. N., Fiedler, R., Granger, C. V., & Maislin, G. (2003). Staging functional independence validity and applications. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 84(1), 38-45. doi:10.1053/apmr.2003.50060Estraneo, A., Moretta, P., Loreto, V., Santoro, L., & Trojano, L. (2014). Clinical and Neuropsychological Long-Term Outcomes After Late Recovery of Responsiveness: A Case Series. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 95(4), 711-716. doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2013.11.004Nakase-Richardson, R., Whyte, J., Giacino, J. T., Pavawalla, S., Barnett, S. D., Yablon, S. A., … Walker, W. C. (2012). Longitudinal Outcome of Patients with Disordered Consciousness in the NIDRR TBI Model Systems Programs. Journal of Neurotrauma, 29(1), 59-65. doi:10.1089/neu.2011.1829Whyte, J., Nakase-Richardson, R., Hammond, F. M., McNamee, S., Giacino, J. T., Kalmar, K., … Horn, L. J. (2013). Functional Outcomes in Traumatic Disorders of Consciousness: 5-Year Outcomes From the National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 94(10), 1855-1860. doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2012.10.041Hammond, F. M., Giacino, J. T., Nakase Richardson, R., Sherer, M., Zafonte, R. D., Whyte, J., … Tang, X. (2019). Disorders of Consciousness due to Traumatic Brain Injury: Functional Status Ten Years Post-Injury. Journal of Neurotrauma, 36(7), 1136-1146. doi:10.1089/neu.2018.5954Giacino, J. T., Katz, D. I., Schiff, N. D., Whyte, J., Ashman, E. J., Ashwal, S., … Armstrong, M. J. (2018). Practice guideline update recommendations summary: Disorders of consciousness. Neurology, 91(10), 450-460. doi:10.1212/wnl.0000000000005926Kondziella, D., Bender, A., Diserens, K., van Erp, W., Estraneo, A., … Formisano, R. (2020). European Academy of Neurology guideline on the diagnosis of coma and other disorders of consciousness. European Journal of Neurology, 27(5), 741-756. doi:10.1111/ene.14151Noé, E., Olaya, J., Navarro, M. D., Noguera, P., Colomer, C., García-Panach, J., … Ferri, J. (2012). Behavioral Recovery in Disorders of Consciousness: A Prospective Study With the Spanish Version of the Coma Recovery Scale–Revised. Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, 93(3), 428-433.e12. doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2011.08.048Ferri, J., Noé, E., & Lloréns, R. (2015). The Spanish version of the coma recovery scale-revised: Events on a correct timeline. Brain Injury, 29(7-8), 1002-1003. doi:10.3109/02699052.2015.1022884Shah, S., Vanclay, F., & Cooper, B. (1989). Improving the sensitivity of the Barthel Index for stroke rehabilitation. Journal of Clinical Epidemiology, 42(8), 703-709. doi:10.1016/0895-4356(89)90065-6Greenwald, B. D., Hammond, F. M., Harrison-Felix, C., Nakase-Richardson, R., Howe, L. L. S., & Kreider, S. (2015). Mortality following Traumatic Brain Injury among Individuals Unable to Follow Commands at the Time of Rehabilitation Admission: A National Institute on Disability and Rehabilitation Research Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems Study. Journal of Neurotrauma, 32(23), 1883-1892. doi:10.1089/neu.2014.3454Estraneo, A., De Bellis, F., Masotta, O., Loreto, V., Fiorenza, S., Lo Sapio, M., & Trojano, L. (2019). Demographical and clinical indices for long-term evolution of patients in vegetative or in minimally conscious state. Brain Injury, 33(13-14), 1633-1639. doi:10.1080/02699052.2019.1658220Pincherle, A., Rossi, F., Jöhr, J., Dunet, V., Ryvlin, P., Oddo, M., … Diserens, K. (2020). Early discrimination of cognitive motor dissociation from disorders of consciousness: pitfalls and clues. 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When, How, and to What Extent Are Individuals with Unresponsive Wakefulness Syndrome Able to Progress? Neurobehavioral Progress

[EN] Accurate estimation of the neurobehavioral progress of patients with unresponsive wakefulness syndrome (UWS) is essential to anticipate their most likely clinical course and guide clinical decision making. Although different studies have described this progress and possible predictors of neurobehavioral improvement in these patients, they have methodological limitations that could restrict the validity and generalization of the results. This study investigates the neurobehavioral progress of 100 patients with UWS consecutively admitted to a neurorehabilitation center using systematic weekly assessments based on standardized measures, and the prognostic factors of changes in their neurobehavioral condition. Our results showed that, during the analyzed period, 34% of the patients were able to progress from UWS to minimally conscious state (MCS), 12% of the total sample (near one third from those who progressed to MCS) were able to emerge from MCS, and 10% of the patients died. Transition to MCS was mostly denoted by visual signs, which appeared either alone or in combination with motor signs, and was predicted by etiology and the score on the Coma Recovery Scale-Revised at admission with an accuracy of 75%. Emergence from MCS was denoted in the same proportion by functional communication and object use. Predictive models of emergence from MCS and mortality were not valid and the identified predictors could not be accounted forThis research was funded by the program RISE-Marie-Slodowska-Curie of the European Commission (Grant agreement 778234), by Conselleria de Educacion, Investigacion, Cultura y Deporte of Generalitat Valenciana (SEJI/2019/017), and by Vicerrectorado de Investigacion, Innovacion y transferencia of Universitat Politecnica de Valencia (PAID-06-18)Noé Sebastián, E.; Ferri, J.; Olaya, J.; Navarro, MD.; O'valle, M.; Colomer Font, C.; Moliner, B.... (2021). When, How, and to What Extent Are Individuals with Unresponsive Wakefulness Syndrome Able to Progress? Neurobehavioral Progress. Brain Sciences. 11(1):1-16. https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11010126S11611

May Measurement Month 2019: an analysis of blood pressure screening results from Italy

: Cardiovascular (CV) diseases are burdened by high mortality and morbidity, being responsible for half of the deaths in Europe. Although hypertension is recognized as the most important CV risk factor, hypertension awareness, and blood pressure (BP) control are still unsatisfactory. In 2017 and 2018, respectively >10 000 and >5000 individuals took part in the May Measurement Month (MMM) campaign in Italy, of whom 30.6% and 26.3% were found to have high BP, respectively. To raise public awareness on the importance of hypertension and to collect BP data on a nation-wide scale in Italy. In the frame of the MMM campaign, an opportunistic cross-sectional survey of volunteers aged ≥18 years was carried out in May 2019. BP measurement, the definition of hypertension, and statistical analysis followed the standard MMM protocol. Screening was conducted in multiple sites by health personnel. Among the 10 182 people screened (females: 52.3%, mean age 58 ± 16years) mean BP was 127/78 mmHg, and 3171 (31.1%) participants had arterial hypertension, of whom 62.1% were aware of being hypertensive. Diabetes, body mass index >25 kg/m2 were associated with higher BP and previous myocardial infarction with lower BP. For the third consecutive year we collected a nation-wide snapshot of BP control in a large sample of individuals. The high participation, with some yearly fluctuations likely due to the limitations of the sampling technique, confirms the power of this kind of health campaign in reaching a significant number of people to raise awareness on health topics

Rapporto 2007 su consumo e dipendenze da sostanze in Emilia-Romagna.

Report on the state of legal and illegal substances use in the territory of Emilia-Romagna Region.Il report analizza il fenomeno delle dipendenze nel territorio della Regione Emilia-Romagna. La descrizione del fenomeno si sviluppa intorno all\u27analisi degli indicatori individuati dall\u27Osservatorio Europeo delle Dipendenze di Lisbona (OEDT): 1-uso di sostanze nella popolazione generale (questo indicatore va a rilevare i comportamenti nei confronti di alcol e sostanze psicoattive da parte della popolazione generale); 2-prevalenza d\u27uso problematico delle sostanze psicoattive; 3-domanda di trattamento degli utilizzatori di sostanze; 4-mortalit? degli utilizzatori di sostanze; 5-malattie infettive. Altri due importanti indicatori che si stanno sviluppando, e che vengono qui illustrati, sono l\u27analisi delle Schede di Dimissione Ospedaliera (SDO) e gli indicatori relativi alle conseguenza sociali dell\u27uso di droghe (criminalit? droga correlata). Inoltre sono state applicate diverse metodologie standard di stima sia per quantificare la quota parte sconosciuta di utilizzatori di sostanze che non afferiscono ai servizi, sia per identificarne alcune caratteristiche

Spectrum of mutations in Italian patients with familial hypercholesterolemia: New results from the LIPIGEN study

Background Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an autosomal dominant disease characterized by elevated plasma levels of LDL-cholesterol that confers an increased risk of premature atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Early identification and treatment of FH patients can improve prognosis and reduce the burden of cardiovascular mortality. Aim of this study was to perform the mutational analysis of FH patients identified through a collaboration of 20 Lipid Clinics in Italy (LIPIGEN Study). Methods We recruited 1592 individuals with a clinical diagnosis of definite or probable FH according to the Dutch Lipid Clinic Network criteria. We performed a parallel sequencing of the major candidate genes for monogenic hypercholesterolemia (LDLR, APOB, PCSK9, APOE, LDLRAP1, STAP1). Results A total of 213 variants were detected in 1076 subjects. About 90% of them had a pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants. More than 94% of patients carried pathogenic variants in LDLR gene, 27 of which were novel. Pathogenic variants in APOB and PCSK9 were exceedingly rare. We found 4 true homozygotes and 5 putative compound heterozygotes for pathogenic variants in LDLR gene, as well as 5 double heterozygotes for LDLR/APOB pathogenic variants. Two patients were homozygous for pathogenic variants in LDLRAP1 gene resulting in autosomal recessive hypercholesterolemia. One patient was found to be heterozygous for the ApoE variant p.(Leu167del), known to confer an FH phenotype. Conclusions This study shows the molecular characteristics of the FH patients identified in Italy over the last two years. Full phenotypic characterization of these patients and cascade screening of family members is now in progress

May Measurement Month 2018: a pragmatic global screening campaign to raise awareness of blood pressure by the International Society of Hypertension

Aims Raised blood pressure (BP) is the biggest contributor to mortality and disease burden worldwide and fewer than half of those with hypertension are aware of it. May Measurement Month (MMM) is a global campaign set up in 2017, to raise awareness of high BP and as a pragmatic solution to a lack of formal screening worldwide. The 2018 campaign was expanded, aiming to include more participants and countries. Methods and results Eighty-nine countries participated in MMM 2018. Volunteers (≥18 years) were recruited through opportunistic sampling at a variety of screening sites. Each participant had three BP measurements and completed a questionnaire on demographic, lifestyle, and environmental factors. Hypertension was defined as a systolic BP ≥140 mmHg or diastolic BP ≥90 mmHg, or taking antihypertensive medication. In total, 74.9% of screenees provided three BP readings. Multiple imputation using chained equations was used to impute missing readings. 1 504 963 individuals (mean age 45.3 years; 52.4% female) were screened. After multiple imputation, 502 079 (33.4%) individuals had hypertension, of whom 59.5% were aware of their diagnosis and 55.3% were taking antihypertensive medication. Of those on medication, 60.0% were controlled and of all hypertensives, 33.2% were controlled. We detected 224 285 individuals with untreated hypertension and 111 214 individuals with inadequately treated (systolic BP ≥ 140 mmHg or diastolic BP ≥ 90 mmHg) hypertension. Conclusion May Measurement Month expanded significantly compared with 2017, including more participants in more countries. The campaign identified over 335 000 adults with untreated or inadequately treated hypertension. In the absence of systematic screening programmes, MMM was effective at raising awareness at least among these individuals at risk

How future surgery will benefit from SARS-COV-2-related measures: a SPIGC survey conveying the perspective of Italian surgeons

COVID-19 negatively affected surgical activity, but the potential benefits resulting from adopted measures remain unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate the change in surgical activity and potential benefit from COVID-19 measures in perspective of Italian surgeons on behalf of SPIGC. A nationwide online survey on surgical practice before, during, and after COVID-19 pandemic was conducted in March-April 2022 (NCT:05323851). Effects of COVID-19 hospital-related measures on surgical patients' management and personal professional development across surgical specialties were explored. Data on demographics, pre-operative/peri-operative/post-operative management, and professional development were collected. Outcomes were matched with the corresponding volume. Four hundred and seventy-three respondents were included in final analysis across 14 surgical specialties. Since SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, application of telematic consultations (4.1% vs. 21.6%; p < 0.0001) and diagnostic evaluations (16.4% vs. 42.2%; p < 0.0001) increased. Elective surgical activities significantly reduced and surgeons opted more frequently for conservative management with a possible indication for elective (26.3% vs. 35.7%; p < 0.0001) or urgent (20.4% vs. 38.5%; p < 0.0001) surgery. All new COVID-related measures are perceived to be maintained in the future. Surgeons' personal education online increased from 12.6% (pre-COVID) to 86.6% (post-COVID; p < 0.0001). Online educational activities are considered a beneficial effect from COVID pandemic (56.4%). COVID-19 had a great impact on surgical specialties, with significant reduction of operation volume. However, some forced changes turned out to be benefits. Isolation measures pushed the use of telemedicine and telemetric devices for outpatient practice and favored communication for educational purposes and surgeon-patient/family communication. From the Italian surgeons' perspective, COVID-related measures will continue to influence future surgical clinical practice