Senioreiden Tasapainoisen Elämän ohjelma

Tämä opinnäytetyö tehtiin osana Seniorinuotta-projektia. Työn tarkoituksena on kuvata Tasapainoisen elämän ohjelman pilottiryhmän teemoja ja toteutumista sekä ryhmään osallistuneiden arkea ja kokemuksia. Tutkimustehtävinä on kuvata: Ryhmään osallistujien arjessa tapahtuneita muutoksia, ohjelman toteutuminen käsiteltyjen teemojen osalta, osallistujien kokemuksia käsitellyistä teemoista sekä osallistujien kokemuksia ohjelmasta. Opinnäytetyössä käytetään sekä laadullisia että määrällisiä tutkimusmenetelmiä. Tutkimuskysymysten käsittelyä ohjaa kvalitatiivinen tutkimusote, mutta osassa aineiston keruuta ja tulosten käsittelyä käytetään kvantitatiivisia menetelmiä. Tutkimuksen aineisto koottiin Tasapainoisen elämän ohjelmaan osallistuneiden täyttämistä palautelomakkeista, ohjaajien havainnoista, osallistujien loppuhaastatteluista sekä ohjaajan tekemistä loppuarvioinneista. Opinnäytetyötä ohjaa toiminnan tieteen näkökulma. Opinnäytetyön tulokset antavat viitteitä siitä, että ohjelmaan osallistuneet ovat hyötyneet Tasapainoisen elämän – ohjelmasta. He ovat kokeneet tärkeiksi ja hyödylliseksi käsitellyt teemat, ja heidän arkielämässään tapahtuneet muutokset ovat olleet pääasiassa positiivisia.This Bachelor’s Thesis was done as a part of Seniorinuotta-project. The purpose of this thesis is to describe the themes, the success and also the everyday life and experiences of the people who took part of the pilot group of Occupational Balance and Lifestyle - Program for Older Adults. The intentions of the research tasks are to descripe: The changes which took places in the participants’ everyday lives, implementation of the program in the view point of the themes that took places, participants’ experiences of the themes and the program itself. The following Bachelor’s Thesis is using both the qualitative and quantitative research methods. Qualitative methods channel the processing of research questions but some part of data collation and the result processing are done by using quantitative methods. Research data was compiled from the feedback forms of the people who took part of the Occupational Balance and Lifestyle program and their final interviews, and from the leaders’ perceptions and their final evaluations. This Bachelor’s Thesis was done by a viewpoint of Occupational Science. Results of the Bachelor’s Thesis are claiming that the participants have benefited of the Occupational Balance and Lifestyle program. They feel that the themes were important and useful, and the occurred changes in their everyday life were mainly positive

Diseño del programa de intervención y control del riesgo químico en la empresa Química Líder sas.

Diseñar un programa de intervención y control del riesgo químico en la empresa Química Líder SAS.El presente trabajo tiene por objeto diseñar el programa de intervención y control del riesgo químico de los trabajadores de la empresa QUÍMICA LÍDER SAS con el fin de prevenir los accidentes laborales y establecer las condiciones de seguridad y salud en las actividades que son ejecutadas por los colaboradores. Para lograr el cumplimiento de este objetivo se recolectara toda la información e inventarios de los productos químicos que se utilizan para la comercialización, elaboración de aplicaciones y aseo de las instalaciones de la empresa. Teniendo en cuenta que la empresa cuenta con la implementación del Sistema Globalmente Armonizado (SGA) se utilizara de apoyo para la clasificación de los productos y su peligrosidad

Diseño del programa de intervención y control del riesgo químico en la empresa Química Líder sas.

Diseñar un programa de intervención y control del riesgo químico en la empresa Química Líder SAS.El presente trabajo tiene por objeto diseñar el programa de intervención y control del riesgo químico de los trabajadores de la empresa QUÍMICA LÍDER SAS con el fin de prevenir los accidentes laborales y establecer las condiciones de seguridad y salud en las actividades que son ejecutadas por los colaboradores. Para lograr el cumplimiento de este objetivo se recolectara toda la información e inventarios de los productos químicos que se utilizan para la comercialización, elaboración de aplicaciones y aseo de las instalaciones de la empresa. Teniendo en cuenta que la empresa cuenta con la implementación del Sistema Globalmente Armonizado (SGA) se utilizara de apoyo para la clasificación de los productos y su peligrosidad

La imagen y la narrativa como herramientas para el abordaje psicosocial en escenarios de violencia. Municipios y ciudades Pasto, Sapuyes, Barbacoas y Barranquilla.

La imagen y la narrativa como herramientas para el abordaje psicosocial en escenarios de violencia. Municipios y ciudades Pasto, Sapuyes, Barbacoas y Barranquilla.El presente trabajo contiene una sucesión de actividades basadas en relatos reales de personas que han sufrido directa e indirectamente los flagelos de la guerra y la violencia en nuestro país. Se mencionan diferentes aspectos y se realiza un análisis reflexivo de la situación problema, del entorno y las consecuencias directas que se han manifestado en el comportamiento de los individuos protagonistas de los relatos en mención. El flagelo de la guerra provoca efectos demoledores en sus víctimas que a su vez afectan a la sociedad, es por ello que la narrativa se convierte en un instrumento vital para identificar los emergentes que surgen y que afectan a la población. La finalidad es abordar la problemática desde el ámbito psicosocial, por medio del enfoque narrativo logrando identificar los fenómenos sociales relacionados y llegar a comprender el significado que la sociedad y el mismo sujeto le dan a la problemática y a sus secuelas. De acuerdo a lo anterior se establecen tres tipos de preguntas estratégicas, circulares y reflexivas con las que se busca ahondar en la narración, donde el sujeto es el protagonista y creador de su propia historia de vida. Nuestro rol como psicólogos dentro de la intervención psicosocial es de facilitador de transformaciones abordando las temáticas necesarias para lograr cambios en la resolución de conflictos, fortalecimiento de una cultura de paz, el desarrollo comunitario, etc.The present work contains a succession of activities based on real stories of people who have suffered directly and indirectly the scourges of war and violence in our country. Different aspects are mentioned and a reflexive analysis is made of the problem situation, of the environment and the direct consequences that have manifested in the behavior of the protagonists of the mentioned stories. The scourge of war causes devastating effects on its victims that in turn affect society, that is why the narrative becomes a vital instrument to identify the emergent that arise and that affects the population. The purpose is to tackle the problem from the psychosocial level, through the narrative approach, identifying the social phenomena related and getting to understand the meaning that the society and the subject give to the problem and its consequences. According to the above, three types of strategic, circular and reflexive questions are established, with which we seek to delve into the narrative, where the subject is the protagonist and creator of his own life story. Our role as psychologists within the psychosocial intervention is to facilitate transformations by addressing the issues necessary to achieve changes in the resolution of conflicts, strengthening a culture of peace, community development, etc

Using the emotional functioning in clinical practice to detect psychological distress in patients with advanced thoracic and colorectal cancer

Purpose: Patients with advanced cancer suffer significant decline of their psychological state. A rapid and reliable evaluation of this state is essential to detect and treat it and improve quality of life. The aim was to probe the usefulness of the emotional function (EF) subscale of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire C30 (EF-EORTC-QLQ-C30) to assess psychological distress in cancer patients. Methods: This is a multicenter, prospective, observational study involving 15 Spanish hospitals. Patients diagnosed with unresectable advanced thoracic or colorectal cancer were included. Participants completed the Brief Symptom Inventory 18 (BSI-18), the current the gold standard, and the EF-EORTC-QLQ-C30 to assess their psychological distress prior to initiating systemic antineoplastic treatment. Accuracy, sensitivity, positive predictive value (PPV), specificity, and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated. Results: The sample comprised 639 patients: 283 with advanced thoracic cancer and 356 with advanced colorectal cancer. According to the BSI scale, 74% and 66% displayed psychological distress with an EF-EORTC-QLQ-C30 accuracy of 79% and 76% in detecting psychological distress in individuals with advanced thoracic and colorectal cancer, respectively. Sensitivity was 79 and 75% and specificity was 79 and 77% with a PPV of 92 and 86% and a NPV of 56 and 61% (scale cut-off point, 75) for patients with advanced thoracic and colorectal cancer, respectively. The mean AUC for thoracic cancer was 0.84 and, for colorectal cancer, it was 0.85. Conclusion: This study reveals that the EF-EORTC-QLQ-C30 subscale is a simple and effective tool for detecting psychological distress in people with advanced cancer

Psychological factors and prognostic communication preferences in advanced cancer: multicentre study

Objectives: Communication regarding prognosis to patients with advanced cancer is fundamental for informed medical decision making. Our objective was to analyse (1) the proportion of subjects with advanced cancer who prefer to know their prognosis, (2) the characteristics associated with patients’ preference for prognostic information, (3) the psychological factors that impact the preference to know prognosis and 4) the concordance between preference for prognostic information perceived among physicians and patients. Methods: A prospective, cross-sectional design was adopted. Data were collected from 748 participants with advanced cancer at 15 tertiary hospitals in Spain. Participants completed the following questionnaires: Mental Adjustment to Cancer; Trust in the Physician; Uncertainty in Illness Scale Patient’s Prognostic Preferences. Results: Fifty-two per cent of advanced cancer sufferers preferred to know the prognosis of their disease. Compared with participants who preferred not to know, those who did reported more uncertainty, greater satisfaction with their physician and higher scores on positive attitude (all p=0.001). Thirty-seven per cent of the physicians believed that patients want to know their prognosis, indicating that they underestimate the number of such patients. No significant differences were found regarding preference to know prognosis as a function of sociodemographic and clinical variables. Conclusions: A substantial proportion of individuals with advanced cancer prefer to know the prognosis of their disease. It appears that knowing their prognosis was mainly motivated by a need to maintain a positive attitude, lessen uncertainty and by satisfaction with the physician. It is important to explore patients’ preferences for information to offer more personalised communication

Can Oncologists Prompt Patient Prognostic Awareness to Enhance Decision-Making? Data From the NEOetic Study

Introduction: Anti-neoplastic therapy improves the prognosis for advanced cancer, albeit it is not curative. An ethical dilemma that often arises during patients’ first appointment with the oncologist is to give them only the prognostic information they can tolerate, even at the cost of compromising preference-based decision-making, versus giving them full information to force prompt prognostic awareness, at the risk of causing psychological harm. Methods: We recruited 550 participants with advanced cancer. After the appointment, patients and clinicians completed several questionnaires about preferences, expectations, prognostic awareness, hope, psychological symptoms, and other treatment-related aspects. The aim was to characterize the prevalence, explanatory factors, and consequences of inaccurate prognostic awareness and interest in therapy. Results: Inaccurate prognostic awareness affected 74%, conditioned by the administration of vague information without alluding to death (odds ratio [OR] 2.54; 95% CI, 1.47-4.37, adjusted P = .006). A full 68% agreed to low-efficacy therapies. Ethical and psychological factors oriented firstline decision-making, in a trade-off in which some lose quality of life and mood, for others to gain autonomy. Imprecise prognostic awareness was associated with greater interest in low-efficacy treatments (OR 2.27; 95% CI, 1.31-3.84; adjusted P = .017), whereas realistic understanding increased anxiety (OR 1.63; 95% CI, 1.01-2.65; adjusted P = 0.038), depression (OR 1.96; 95% CI, 1.23-3.11; adjusted P = .020), and diminished quality of life (OR 0.47; 95% CI, 0.29-0.75; adjusted P = .011). Conclusion: In the age of immunotherapy and targeted therapies, many appear not to understand that antineoplastic therapy is not curative. Within the mix of inputs that comprise inaccurate prognostic awareness, many psychosocial factors are as relevant as the physicians’ disclosure of information. Thus, the desire for better decision-making can actually harm the patient

Service Pet 360

El presente proyecto consiste en un modelo de negocio para la creación de una empresa llamada Service Pet 360 que unifica los servicios principales para atender a perros y gatos, los cuales abarcan servicios de salud, alimentación, entretenimiento, etc. que llegará al cliente mediante una página web donde se podrán encontrar diferentes empresas reconocidas que trabajan con calidad y compromiso para la total seguridad de nuestros clientes (perros y gatos), de esta forma le otorgamos a nuestros usuarios (dueños de mascotas) la posibilidad de escoger entre una cartera de opciones de atención, productos de la más alta calidad y que se encuentren cerca de su ubicación. Como hemos visto en la actualidad este rubro del cuidado personalizado a las mascotas se ha incrementado de manera significativa y ha tenido buena acogida en el mercado, ya que muchas más personas dedican más que su tiempo una inversión en sus mascotas. Ante ello nace la oportunidad de que Service Pet 360 pueda satisfacer las diferentes necesidades de estas personas y que ayuden a que otros negocios que son nuestros socios estratégicos se den a conocer en el mercado. Este proyecto de investigación tiene como objetivo demostrar la sostenibilidad y rentabilidad de Service Pet 360 con diferentes estudios de mercado que se realizarán a nuestro público objetivo y desarrollando diferentes estrategias de marketing que logre un mejor posicionamiento en el mercado y ofrecer servicios y productos diferenciados. La empresa conforma un grupo de trabajo óptimo y profesionales calificados para lograr los objetivos propuestos.The project consists of a business model for the creation of a company called Service Pet 360, which provides the main services towards dogs and cats. It includes: health services, food, entertainment, etc. that will reach the customer through the webpage where you can find different companies that work with quality and commitment for the total safety of our clients (their pets). In this way we give our users (dog or cat owners) the possibility of choosing among a range of care options and products of the highest quality, that are close to your location. As you can read on this work, this type of product (personalized pet care) has increased significantly and has been well received in the market, since more people spend more of their time investing in their pets. Thus, the opportunity arises for Service Pet 360 to satisfy the different needs of these people and help other businesses (our strategic partners) become known in the market. This research project aims to demonstrate the sustainability and profitability of Service Pet 360, with different market studies that will be carried out on our target audience, while developing different marketing strategies with the purpose of achieving a better positioning in the market and offer a variety of services and products. The company is formed of optimal teamwork and qualified professionals to achieve the proposed objective: Helping pet owners find the best quality products and services for their dogs or cats, throughout a modern, aesthetically pleasing, helpful and easy-to-use webpage.Trabajo de investigació

Plan piloto desarrollo de un programa de mentoría en el programa de doctorado “Formación en la Sociedad del Conocimiento” y creación de un espacio de trabajo colaborativo online

Memoria ID-027 Ayudas de la Universidad de Salamanca para la innovación docente, curso 2020-2021