Passion, grit and mindset in football players

Publisher's version (útgefin grein)The main aim of the study was to explore the relationship between passion, grit and mindset in a group of football players in Norway. The sample had 63 participants. In three different groups in relation to age and level. Sogndal elite team (N = 25) (Elite), Sogndal Junior team (N = 17) (Junior 18) and young talents in Sogn-og Fjordane (N = 21) (Junior 15). To assess the level of passion the passion scale was used, an eight-item scale. To measure grit the Grit-S scale was used. The scale has 8 items. Mindset was measured with the Theories of Intelligence Scale (TIS). The scale has 8-items. Trainers in each group ranked the players football competence. The results show that the elite team did have the highest score in all factors. Significant difference between elite and Junior 15 in the factor grit. The results indicate significant correlations between the variables; passion-grit (r = 0.576, p < .001) and grit-mindset (r = 0.271, p < .05. The correlation was not significant for passion-mindset (r = 0.121). Elite: a significant correlation for the variables passion-grit (r = 0.474, p < .001) only. The correlation passion-mindset (r = 0.049); grit-mindset (r = 0.215) and trainers ranking was not significant. However, it is interesting to note the moderate correlation between passion and trainers ranking (r = -0.326) and grit and trainers ranking (r = -0.268) in this group. Junior 18: a significant correlation for the variables passion-grit (r = 0.679, p < .001) only. The correlation between passion-mindset (r = 0.146); grit-mindset (r = 0.381) and trainers ranking was not significant. Junior 15: the results indicate a significant correlation for the variables passion-grit (r = 0.665, p < .001) and passion-trainers ranking (r = -0.545, p < .05; large correlation) only. The correlation between passion-mindset (r = 0.181); and grit-mindset (r = 0.227) was not significant. In sum, despite associations magnitudes between variables (grit, mindset, and passion) are different among groups, only significant differences between groups were found in grit.Peer reviewe

Autonomic adaptation after traditional and reverse swimming training periodizations

The objective of the present study was to analyze the autonomic response of trained swimmers to traditional and reverse training periodization models. Seventeen swimmers were divided in two groups, performing a traditional periodization (TPG) or a reverse periodization (RPG) during a period of 10 weeks. Heart rate variability and 50 m swimming performance were analyzed before and after the training programs. After training, the TPG decreased the values of the high frequency band (HF), the number of differences between adjacent normal R-R intervals longer than 50 ms (NN50) and the percentage of differences between adjacent normal R-R intervals more than 50 ms (pNN50), and the RPG increased the values of HF and square root of the mean of the sum of the squared differences between adjacent normal R-R intervals (RMSSD). None of the groups improved significantly their performance in the 50-m test. The autonomic response of swimmers was different depending on the periodization performed, with the reverse periodization model leading to higher autonomic adaption. Complementary, the data suggests that autonomic adaptations were not critical for the 50-m swimming performance

Q-dependence of the inelastic neutron scattering cross section for molecular spin clusters with high molecular symmetry

For powder samples of polynuclear metal complexes the dependence of the inelastic neutron scattering intensity on the momentum transfer Q is known to be described by a combination of so called interference terms. They reflect the interplay between the geometrical structure of the compound and the spatial properties of the wave functions involved in the transition. In this work, it is shown that the Q-dependence is strongly interrelated with the molecular symmetry of molecular nanomagnets, and, if the molecular symmetry is high enough, is actually completely determined by it. A general formalism connecting spatial symmetry and interference terms is developed. The arguments are detailed for cyclic spin clusters, as experimentally realized by e.g. the octanuclear molecular wheel Cr8, and the star like tetranuclear cluster Fe4.Comment: 8 pages, 1 figures, REVTEX

The Lagrangian Loop Representation of Lattice U(1) Gauge Theory

It is showed how the Hamiltonian lattice $loop$ $representation$ can be cast straightforwardly in the Lagrangian formalism. The procedure is general and here we present the simplest case: pure compact QED. This connection has been shaded by the non canonical character of the algebra of the fundamental loop operators. The loops represent tubes of electric flux and can be considered the dual objects to the Nielsen-Olesen strings supported by the Higgs broken phase. The lattice loop classical action corresponding to the Villain form is proportional to the quadratic area of the loop world sheets and thus it is similar to the Nambu string action. This loop action is used in a Monte Carlo simulation and its appealing features are discussed.Comment: 13 pp, UAB-FT-341/9

Crystallization and preliminary crystallographic studies of the recombinant dihydropyrimidinase fromSinorhizobium meliloti CECT4114

Dihydropyrimidinases are involved in the reductive pathway of pyrimidine degradation, catalysing the hydrolysis of 5,6-dihydrouracil and 5,6-dihydrothymine to the corresponding N-carbamoyl -amino acids. This enzyme has often been referred to as hydantoinase owing to its industrial application in the production of optically pure amino acids starting from racemic mixtures of 5-monosubstituted hydantoins. Recombinant dihydropyrimidinase from Sinorhizobium meliloti CECT4114 (SmelDhp) has been expressed, purified and crystallized. Crystallization was performed using the counter-diffusion method with capillaries of 0.3 mm inner diameter. Crystals of SmelDhp suitable for data collection and structure determination were grown in the presence of agarose at 0.1%(w/v) in order to ensure mass transport controlled by diffusion. X-ray data were collected to a resolution of 1.85 A ° . The crystal belongs to the orthorhombic space group C2221, with unit-cell parameters a = 124.89, b = 126.28, c = 196.10 A ° and two molecules in the asymmetric unit. A molecular-replacement solution has been determined and refinement is in progress

Crystallization and preliminary crystallographic studies of an active-site mutant hydantoin racemase from Sinorhizobium meliloti CECT4114

A recombinant active-site mutant of hydantoin racemase (C76A) from Sinorhizobium meliloti CECT 4114 (SmeHyuA) has been crystallized in the presence and absence of the substrate d,l-5-isopropyl hydantoin. Crystals of the SmeHyuA mutant suitable for data collection and structure determination were grown using the counter-diffusion method. X-ray data were collected to resolutions of 2.17 and 1.85 A ˚ for the free and bound enzymes, respectively. Both crystals belong to space group R3 and contain two molecules of SmeHyuA per asymmetric unit. The crystals of the free and complexed SmeHyuA have unit-cell parameters a = b = 85.43, c = 152.37 A ˚ and a = b = 85.69, c = 154.38 A ˚ , crystal volumes per protein weight (VM) of 1.94 and 1.98 A ˚ 3 Da 1 and solvent contents of 36.7 and 37.9%, respectively

Structure of dihydropyrimidinase from Sinorhizobium meliloti CECT4114: New features in an amidohydrolase family member

The recombinant dihydropyrimidinase from Sinorhizobium meliloti CECT4114 (SmelDhp) has been characterised and its crystal structure elucidated at 1.85 Å. The global architecture of the protein is reminiscent of that of the amidohydrolase superfamily, consisting of two domains; an (a/b)8 TIM-like barrel domain, where the catalytic centre is located, and a smaller b-sheet sandwich domain of unknown function. The c-terminal tails of each subunit extend toward another monomer in a swapping-like manner, creating a hydrogen bond network which suggests its implication in protein oligomerisation. Mutational and structural evidence suggest the involvement of a conserved tyrosine in the reaction mechanism of the enzyme. SmelDhp presents both hydantoinase and dihydropyrimidinase activities, with higher affinity for the natural six-membered ring substrates. For the five-membered ring substrates, affinity was greater for those with aliphatic and apolar groups in the 5th carbon atom, with the highest rates of hydrolysis for D-5-methyl and D-5-ethyl hydantoin (kcat/Km = 2736 ± 380 and 944 ± 52 M 1 s 1, respectively). The optimal conditions for the enzyme activity were found to be 60 C of temperature at pH 8.0. SmelDhp retains 95% of its activity after 6-hour preincubation at 60 C. This is the first dihydropyrimidinase used for the hydrolytic opening of non-natural 6-monosubstituted dihydrouracils, which may be exploited for the production of b-amino acids