Feeling Full or Empty Inside? Peran Perbedaan Individual Dalam Struktur Pengalaman Afektif

Trait alexithymia dan rumination umumnya diteliti secara terpisah, namun dampak buruknya terhadap pengalaman afektif secara potensial dapat dihambat oleh trait self-control. Penelitian ini bertujuan memetakan struktur pengalaman afektif berdasarkan perbedaan individual dalam trait alexithymia, rumination, dan self-control. Pengalaman afektif partisipan (N = 85) dibangkitkan melalui teknik induksi visual International Affective Picture System (IAPS: Lang, Bradley, & Cuthbert, 2008) yang mencakup 60 foto dari kombinasi dua dimensi afektif, yaitu valence (positif vs. netral vs. negatif) dan arousal (tinggi vs. rendah). Rating valence dan arousal diberikan dalam bentuk label non-verbal Self-Assessment Manikin (SAM: Lang, 2008). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan (1) terdapat interkorelasi antara trait alexithymia, rumination, dan self-control, (2) dimensi-dimensi pada trait alexythimia dan rumination memiliki asosiasi dengan hipersensitivitas terhadap stimulus afektif, dan (3) afek negatif dibutuhkan sebagai sinyal untuk mengaktivasi trait self-control. Temuan ini menggarisbawahi bahwa peran ketiga trait tersebut dalam struktur pengalaman afektif tidak muncul secara global namun bersifat kontekstual dari perspektif kombinasi valence dan arousal

CURRENT CONVERSATIONS ON PHYSICAL AND MENTAL DISABILITY ISSUES

Stigma towards persons with disability has been highlighted as one predicting factors for overdiagnosis and more negative prognoses. The extent to which disability equality policies and practices are adopted in any given Southeast Asia societies is dependent upon the ability to capture in a real-time the extremely rapid and massive context of current societal dynamics. The mode of communication, with the support of increasingly affordable digital devices, brings communities into a new form of interaction in social media. As a source of data, the patterns derived from these social media are extremely valuable, especially to support decision-making processes. Data-driven policies are capable of suppressing errors because the target is a measurable goal. Characteristics of specific digital data requires a special approach given the huge volume of data (big data). Related to this research, the applied platform is social listening. Big data processing is conducted through the (1) data mining stage (Twitter API) using six technical terms i.e., “disabilitas” (disability), “difabel” (different ability), “cacat fisik” (physical disability), “cacat genetik” (genetic disability), “gangguan mental” (mental disorder), “gangguan jiwa” (soul illness), “penyandang cacat” (persons with disability), “retardasi mental” (mental retardation), and “skizofrenia” (schizophrenia), (2) data processing, (3) pattern evaluation, and (4) data visualization (Tableau and Gephi software). Findings from this study is expected to overcome the limitations of the tradition of stigma measurement with surveys and interviews that are vulnerable to the tendency of the subject to respond normatively. Keywords: physical disability; mental disability; stigma; big data; social listenin

The limited prosocial effects of meditation: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Many individuals believe that meditation has the capacity to not only alleviate mental-illness but to improve prosociality. This article systematically reviewed and meta-analysed the effects of meditation interventions on prosociality in randomized controlled trials of healthy adults. Five types of social behaviours were identified: compassion, empathy, aggression, connectedness and prejudice. Although we found a moderate increase in prosociality following meditation, further analysis indicated that this effect was qualified by two factors: type of prosociality and methodological quality. Meditation interventions had an effect on compassion and empathy, but not on aggression, connectedness or prejudice. We further found that compassion levels only increased under two conditions: when the teacher in the meditation intervention was a co-author in the published study; and when the study employed a passive (waiting list) control group but not an active one. Contrary to popular beliefs that meditation will lead to prosocial changes, the results of this meta-analysis showed that the effects of meditation on prosociality were qualified by the type of prosociality and methodological quality of the study. We conclude by highlighting a number of biases and theoretical problems that need addressing to improve quality of research in this area

Physical activity in Indonesian University students: the contradictory roles of dispositional mindfulness and self-control

© 2018, © 2018 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. Physical inactivity is now identified as one of the major risk factors for global mortality, including in Indonesia. Past research in Western settings have demonstrated the efficacy of self-determined or autonomous forms of motivation in predicting health-related behaviours, and that association between these variables could possibly be moderated by individual differences in mindfulness. In terms of mindfulness, individuals from different cultures may vary in their familiarity and acceptance of mindfulness in daily life. Moreover, the ways though which individuals exhibit qualities of mindfulness are often intertwined with their capacity for self-control. In this correlational study utilizing cloud-based online survey, samples of Indonesian undergraduates (N = 411, mean age = 20.202, SD = 1.406) completed self-report measures of trait mindfulness, trait self-control, autonomous motivation, and physical activity. Bootstrap multiple regression analysis indicated that association between autonomous motivation and physical activity is strengthened by trait self-control (p = .017), but conversely, weakened by trait mindfulness (p = .024). Cultural perspective may help explain the dynamics of mindfulness, self-control, autonomous motivation, and physical activity

Consistency tendency and the theory of planned behavior : a randomized controlled crossover trial in a physical activity context

Objective: This study examined the effects of consistency tendency on the predictive power of the theory of planned behavior (TPB) in relation to physical activity behavior. Methods: In this randomized controlled cross-over trial, we recruited 770 undergraduate students from Indonesia who were randomly assigned into two groups. Participants completed physical activity versions of TPB measures at T1 (baseline) and T2 (post 1 week), and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire at T3 (post 1 month). At T1 and T2, the TPB questions were either presented in ensemble-order (i.e., consistency tendency supressed) or alternate-order (i.e., consistency tendency facilitated). Results: The parameter estimates of the model (CFI > .92, TLI > .90, SRMR < .08, RMSEA < .08) aligned with the tenets of TPB. As compared to ensemble-order, a TPB measured in alternate-order yielded stronger cross-sectional relationships, but this pattern did not appear in the prospective relationships in TPB (i.e., intention/perceived behavioral control and behavior). Conclusions: Consistency tendency inflated the factor correlations of cross-sectionally measured TPB variables, but the inflation was not observed in the prospective prediction of behavior. Health psychology questionnaires with items presented in ensemble order may represent a viable means of reducing the confounding effect of consistency tendency.peerReviewe

The Performance of Wisconsin Retail and Service Markets

International audienc