LA RELACIÓN DE LA COMUNICACIÓN Y EL PODER EN EL ÁMBITO INTERNO DE LAS ORGANIZACIONES CON FINES SOCIALES: EJES NECESARIOS PARA SU ABORDAJE

El ejercicio del poder en el ámbito interno de las Organizaciones con Fines Sociales es sostenido por la dirigencia a partir de diversas representaciones construidas por medio del discurso, que hablan de la participación como una posibilidad real de todos los integrantes dentro de la organización (sean estas posibilidades reales o no); a la información como al alcance de todos (aunque por lo general esté centralizada o circule de acuerdo a sus intereses); a la misión como de gran utilidad para la sociedad; y al propio ejercicio del poder como el necesario para realizar las acciones que requiere la gestión de esa misión.Estas construcciones están atravesadas por el control y la violencia simbólica para regular y perpetuar los espacios que cada actor ocupa dentro del entramado organizacional, y las acciones que lleva a cabo en ellos. En este artículo se trabaja en profundidad sobre cada una de estas dimensiones

Latino Communities in the United States: Place-Making in the Pre-World War II, Postwar, and Contemporary City

Scholarship on Latino communities in the United States has yet to catch up with the rapid growth of this ethnic population in the country. Understanding the Latino urban experience and developing plans to better respond to both the needs of Latino communities and their integration within society is not only relevant, but also urgently necessary. Using the city of Los Angeles as a main lens, in addition to a general look at the urban Southwest, we contribute to the scholarship on the subject with a review of literature on Latino communities. We structure the review as an assessment of the various challenges and opportunities for urban Latinos in the pre-war, postwar, and contemporary city. Focusing on space, culture, economy, and governance, we chart the various roles both the private and public sectors play in meeting these challenges. Our reading of the literature shows that particular government actions in the economic and governance domains in the past had positive impacts on Latino integration, and we call for a similar effort today in addressing contemporary challenges. We conclude by suggesting that future planning scholarship on Latino communities engage the wider urban studies literature, focus on emerging forms of urbanization, and call on planners to sustain increased academic and practical interest in the topic

Promised Land? Immigration, Religiosity, and Space in Southern California

This article looks at how immigrants and their supporters appropriate and use religious space and other public spaces for religious and socio-political purposes in Southern California. While the everyday living conditions of many immigrants, particularly the unauthorized Latino immigrants, force unto them an embodied disciplinarity that maintains spatialities of restricted citizenship, the public appropriations of space for and through religious practices allow for them -even if only momentarily -to express an embodied transgression. This practice in public space helps realize spaces of freedom and hope, however ephemerally. Potentially, these rehearsing exercises can help revert internalized disempowering subjectivities and create social empowerment. Negative stereotypes about immigrants held by the larger public can also be challenged through these spatial practices, as the public demonstrations make visible the invisible. We focus on “Posadas Without Borders” and “the New Sanctuary Movement,” considering both the role of progressive civic and religious institutions in supporting immigrants and the agency of the immigrants themselves. The theoretical analysis builds on concepts drawn from a conversation between geography and religious and theological studies. We use a triangulated methodological approach that includes observation and participant observation, content-analysis of multimedia, interviews, and intellectual advocacy for the immigrant movement. The cases discussed here show that progressive religious groups and coalitions can be important allies to progressive planners, geographers, and policy makers in advancing social and environmental justice for the disenfranchised. They also show that the theological underpinnings of such groups share a lot in common with planning epistemologies for the just city

Relationship between the Clinical Frailty Scale and short-term mortality in patients ≥ 80 years old acutely admitted to the ICU: a prospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND: The Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) is frequently used to measure frailty in critically ill adults. There is wide variation in the approach to analysing the relationship between the CFS score and mortality after admission to the ICU. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of modelling approach on the association between the CFS score and short-term mortality and quantify the prognostic value of frailty in this context. METHODS: We analysed data from two multicentre prospective cohort studies which enrolled intensive care unit patients ≥ 80 years old in 26 countries. The primary outcome was mortality within 30-days from admission to the ICU. Logistic regression models for both ICU and 30-day mortality included the CFS score as either a categorical, continuous or dichotomous variable and were adjusted for patient's age, sex, reason for admission to the ICU, and admission Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score. RESULTS: The median age in the sample of 7487 consecutive patients was 84 years (IQR 81-87). The highest fraction of new prognostic information from frailty in the context of 30-day mortality was observed when the CFS score was treated as either a categorical variable using all original levels of frailty or a nonlinear continuous variable and was equal to 9% using these modelling approaches (p < 0.001). The relationship between the CFS score and mortality was nonlinear (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Knowledge about a patient's frailty status adds a substantial amount of new prognostic information at the moment of admission to the ICU. Arbitrary simplification of the CFS score into fewer groups than originally intended leads to a loss of information and should be avoided. Trial registration NCT03134807 (VIP1), NCT03370692 (VIP2)

Governance, Institutional Coordination, and Socio-Spatial Justice: Reflections from Latin America and the Caribbean

“Dysfunctional governance and institutional coordination are two of the aspects hindering improvements in socio-spatial justice in the Latin American and Caribbean (LAC) region. This is no minor issue in a region with one of the largest levels of informality and inequality in the world and where poverty rates are again expanding after showing encouraging retreats in the previous decades. Some of the governance challenges include unclear and unstable institutional structures for decision-making, insufficient mechanisms for citizen participation, and a lack of political will and appreciation for the benefits of planning. This chapter discusses governance and institutional coordination in LAC and suggests governance reform solutions for improving socio-spatial justice in formal and informal settlements by analysing current conditions and learning from cases of different cities and countries in the region

LA RELACIÓN DE LA COMUNICACIÓN Y EL PODER EN EL ÁMBITO INTERNO DE LAS ORGANIZACIONES CON FINES SOCIALES: EJES NECESARIOS PARA SU ABORDAJE

El ejercicio del poder en el ámbito interno de las Organizaciones con Fines Sociales es sostenido por la dirigencia a partir dediversas representaciones construidas por medio del discurso, que hablan de la participación como una posibilidad real de todoslos integrantes dentro de la organización (sean estas posibilidades reales o no); a la información como al alcance de todos(aunque por lo general esté centralizada o circule de acuerdo a sus intereses); a la misión como de gran utilidad para la sociedad;y al propio ejercicio del poder como el necesario para realizar las acciones que requiere la gestión de esa misión.Estas construcciones están atravesadas por el control y la violencia simbólica para regular y perpetuar los espacios que cada actorocupa dentro del entramado organizacional, y las acciones que lleva a cabo en ellos. En este artículo se trabaja en profundidadsobre cada una de estas dimensiones