840 research outputs found
Development of type 1 diabetes in a patient treated with anti-TNF-α therapy for active rheumatoid arthritis
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New Radar Interferometric Time Series Analysis Toolbox Released
Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) has become an important geodetic
tool for measuring deformation of Earth’s surface due to various geophysical phenomena,
including slip on earthquake faults, subsurface migration of magma, slow‐moving
landslides, movement of shallow crustal fluids (e.g., water and oil), and glacier flow.
Airborne and spaceborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) instruments transmit microwaves
toward Earth’s surface and detect the returning reflected waves. The phase of the
returned wave depends on the distance between the satellite and the surface, but it is
also altered by atmospheric and other effects. InSAR provides measurements of surface
deformation by combining amplitude and phase information from two SAR images of
the same location taken at different times to create an interferogram. Several existing
open‐source analysis tools [Rosen et al., 2004; Rosen et al., 2011; Kampes et al., 2003 ;
Sandwell et al., 2011] enable scientists to exploit observations from radar satellites
acquired at two different epochs to produce a surface displacement map
Толерантный подход к теме греко-турецких взаимоотношений в новейшей греческой прозе
Целью данной статьи стало рассмотрение нового видения дихотомии «грек-турок» в романах греческих писателей второй половины ХХ века
Control over epitaxy and the role of the InAs/Al interface in hybrid two-dimensional electron gas systems
In-situ synthesised semiconductor/superconductor hybrid structures became an
important material platform in condensed matter physics. Their development
enabled a plethora of novel quantum transport experiments with focus on Andreev
and Majorana physics. The combination of InAs and Al has become the workhorse
material and has been successfully implemented in the form of one-dimensional
structures and two-dimensional electron gases. In contrast to the
well-developed semiconductor parts of the hybrid materials, the direct effect
of the crystal nanotexture of Al films on the electron transport still remains
unclear. This is mainly due to the complex epitaxial relation between Al and
the semiconductor. We present a study of Al films on shallow InAs
two-dimensional electron gas systems grown by molecular beam epitaxy, with
focus on control of the Al crystal structure. We identify the dominant grain
types present in our Al films and show that the formation of grain boundaries
can be significantly reduced by controlled roughening of the epitaxial
interface. Finally, we demonstrate that the implemented roughening does not
negatively impact either the electron mobility of the two-dimensional electron
gas or the basic superconducting properties of the proximitized system.Comment: 12 pages, 7 figures and supplementary materia
Physical Activity and Nutrition INfluences In ageing (PANINI): consortium mission statement
First paragraph: Current demographic trends indicate that by the year 2020, almost one in five of the European population will be aged 65 years or over. Although life expectancy is increasing by 2 years per decade, the period of life spent in good health is not keeping pace and most Europeans spend their last decade in poor health. Consequently, there is an urgent need to understand how lifestyle factors can influence age-related changes from gene to society level and how they may be integrated into a net effect of healthy ageing. It is also crucial to develop and validate interventions and health policies to ensure that more of our older adults have a healthy and active later life. This is an urgent and cross-cutting research priority in Europe, and to achieve this, it is vital to increase research capacity in this area to push forward the frontiers of scientific understanding. The Horizon 2020 funded Marie Curie Sklodowska Innovative Training Network—PANINI is addressing this capacity issue by focusing on research and training in two major interacting lifestyle factors with impact at multiple levels, namely, physical activity and nutrition
Mathematical modelling of polyamine metabolism in bloodstream-form trypanosoma brucei: An application to drug target identification
© 2013 Gu et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are creditedThis article has been made available through the Brunel Open Access Publishing Fund.We present the first computational kinetic model of polyamine metabolism in bloodstream-form Trypanosoma brucei, the causative agent of human African trypanosomiasis. We systematically extracted the polyamine pathway from the complete metabolic network while still maintaining the predictive capability of the pathway. The kinetic model is constructed on the basis of information gleaned from the experimental biology literature and defined as a set of ordinary differential equations. We applied Michaelis-Menten kinetics featuring regulatory factors to describe enzymatic activities that are well defined. Uncharacterised enzyme kinetics were approximated and justified with available physiological properties of the system. Optimisation-based dynamic simulations were performed to train the model with experimental data and inconsistent predictions prompted an iterative procedure of model refinement. Good agreement between simulation results and measured data reported in various experimental conditions shows that the model has good applicability in spite of there being gaps in the required data. With this kinetic model, the relative importance of the individual pathway enzymes was assessed. We observed that, at low-to-moderate levels of inhibition, enzymes catalysing reactions of de novo AdoMet (MAT) and ornithine production (OrnPt) have more efficient inhibitory effect on total trypanothione content in comparison to other enzymes in the pathway. In our model, prozyme and TSHSyn (the production catalyst of total trypanothione) were also found to exhibit potent control on total trypanothione content but only when they were strongly inhibited. Different chemotherapeutic strategies against T. brucei were investigated using this model and interruption of polyamine synthesis via joint inhibition of MAT or OrnPt together with other polyamine enzymes was identified as an optimal therapeutic strategy.The work was carried out under a PhD programme partly funded by Prof. Ray Welland, School of Computing Science, University of Glasgo
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