La cultura oral y su enfoque en el aula de educación primaria

La literatura oral ha sido durante muchos años desplazada a un segundo plano dentro del aula, dándole supremacía a la literatura escrita frente a la oral. Olvidando las raíces de donde proviene nuestra lengua y sobre todo nuestra cultura. El objetivo de este trabajo es realizar una investigación bibliográfica sobre las variedades en las que ha derivado la oralidad, así como las posibles razones por las que se ha debilitado su práctica y su enseñanza. El método que se persigue con este trabajo es la recopilación de etnotextos a través de varios informantes, así como la propuesta de talleres y diferentes enfoques para promover la literatura oral dentro del aula de Educación Primaria

Development of Porous Polyvinyl Acetate/Polypyrrole/Gallic Acid Scaffolds Using Supercritical CO2 as Tissue Regenerative Agents

Scaffolds are advanced devices employed in tissue engineering, as they are intended to mimic the characteristics of extracellular matrices. In this respect, conjugated materials are gaining relevance in the manufacturing of the foams used for therapeutic scaffolds, since they can provide certain properties that are missing in the other polymers used to form the scaffolds. This work has, therefore, focused on the development of functional scaffolds formed by conjugated-non-conjugated polymers such as polyvinyl acetate and polypyrrole, impregnated with gallic acid as the model drug and produced by means of a supercritical CO2 foaming/impregnation process. The effects from a series of parameters such as pressure, temperature, depressurization rate, and contact time of the scaffold production process have been determined. The impregnated foams have been characterized according to their morphology, including their porosity and expansion factor, their drug loading and delivering capabilities, and their mechanical and electrical properties. The characterization of the experiments was carried out using scanning electron microscopy, liquid displacement, in vitro release, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and compression techniques. The results from our tests have revealed a considerable influence of all the input variables studied, as well as relevant interactions between them. Values close to 35% porosity were obtained, with a drug release of up to 10 h with a fast initial release. The best operating conditions were 353 K, 30 MPa, 0.5 MPa/min depressurization rate, and 1 h contact time. By means of the supercritical foaming/impregnation technique, scaffolds with potential in tissue engineering due to their studied properties were obtained.This research was funded by Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation: PID2020-116229RB-I00

Utilización y valoración de los servicios de orientación desde la perspectiva de los universitarios

Las universidades, tanto a nivel internacional como nacional contemplan en sus estructuras organizativas servicios de apoyo al estudiante universitario. Estos recursos tienen como propósito servir de apoyo al estudiante en diversas problemáticas universitarias que se puedan plantear a lo largo de sus estudios. Esta investigación pretende conocer la utilización y valoración que hacen los destinatarios de estos servicios. Así como detectar posibles diferencias significativas según sexo y rama de conocimiento de la titulación. La población objeto de estudio se circunscribe a la Universidad de Sevilla. Para ello se parte de una muestra de 137 estudiantes de todos los centros propios de la misma y se diseña un cuestionario ad hoc. El análisis de los datos obtenidos revela una baja utilización de los servicios de apoyo así como diferencias significativas en cuanto a servicios de apoyo pedagógico, discapacidad, salud, bienestar y asesoramiento vocacional.Universities, both at international and national levels in their organizational structures provides support services to the college student. These resources are intended to support the student in various university issues that may arise throughout college. This research aims to determine the use and assessment that the recipients of these services. And detect any significant differences by sex and branch of knowledge. The population under study belongs to the University of Seville. The sample consists of 137 students of all own centers thereof and an ad hoc questionnaire was designed. Analysis of the data reveals a low utilization of support services as well as significant differences in education support services, disability, health, welfare and vocational counseling.Unión Europea, Erasmus Ref: 526600-LLP-1-2012-IT-Erasmus-Esi

Fucoxanthin-Containing Cream Prevents Epidermal Hyperplasia and UVB-Induced Skin Erythema in Mice

Microalgae represent a source of bio-active compounds such as carotenoids with potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. We aimed to investigate the effects of fucoxanthin (FX) in both in vitro and in vivo skin models. Firstly, its anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated in LPS-stimulated THP-1 macrophages and TNF-α-stimulated HaCaT keratinocytes, and its antioxidant activity in UVB-irradiated HaCaT cells. Next, in vitro and ex vivo permeation studies were developed to determine the most suitable formulation for in vivo FX topical application. Then, we evaluated the effects of a FX-containing cream on TPA-induced epidermal hyperplasia in mice, as well as on UVB-induced acute erythema in hairless mice. Our results confirmed the in vitro reduction of TNF-α, IL-6, ROS and LDH production. Since the permeation results showed that cream was the most favourable vehicle, FX-cream was elaborated. This formulation effectively ameliorated TPA-induced hyperplasia, by reducing skin edema, epidermal thickness, MPO activity and COX-2 expression. Moreover, FX-cream reduced UVB-induced erythema through down-regulation of COX-2 and iNOS as well as up-regulation of HO-1 protein via Nrf-2 pathway. In conclusion, FX, administered in a topical formulation, could be a novel natural adjuvant for preventing exacerbations associated with skin inflammatory pathologies as well as protecting skin against UV radiation

Uso de valores de confianza y expectativas en el sistema de diálogo SAPLEN

El sistema SAPLEN (Sistema Automático de Pedidos en LEnguaje Natural) es un sistema de diálogo en lenguaje natural capaz de atender consultas y peticiones de productos de los clientes de los restaurantes de comida rápida. En este trabajo presentamos en primer lugar la metodología empleada para realizar el reconocimiento de las palabras de las frases de los usuarios durante el desarrollo y test del sistema. A continuación comentamos los tipos de fenómenos relacionados con el reconocimiento de palabras tratados por el sistema. Posteriormente describimos el uso de valores de confianza y expectativas para tratar apropiadamente algunos errores de reconocimiento. Finalmente, comentamos algunas líneas de trabajo futuro y conclusiones

BIM based system of automatic generation of the quantification of construction and demolition waste. Weighted transfers of measurement methodology

La gestión sostenible de los residuos se ha convertido en una preocupación creciente, y se considera en la actualidad una de las prácticas más efectivas para solventar los problemas que genera el sector de la construcción. Este artículo presenta una metodología de medición de los residuos de construcción y demolición (RCD) mediante el método de transferencias ponderadas de la medición, permitiendo usar cualquier Base de Datos de Costes de Construcción. Además, al contrario que otros estudios recientes en este campo, el método posibilita cuantificar los RCD en unidades de peso actuando su cuantificación selectiva por su material original y también por su impacto medioambiental y coste. Para mostrar el rendimiento de la metodología, se presenta una aplicación práctica para un sistema constructivo de un edificio residencial en España. Este método contribuye a la mejora de la gestión de los residuos de construcción.Sustainable management of construction and demolition waste has become a growing concern and it is currently considered as the most effective practice to solve the problems that construction sector generates. This paper presents a methodology to measure the construction and demolition waste (CDW) by applying the weighted transfers of measurement methodology, in order to use any Construction Cost Database. In addition, unlike recent studies in this field, this method allows to quantify the CDW in units of weight performing its selective quantification by identifying the original material and also its environmental impact and costs. To show the performance of the methodology, it is presented a practical application to a constructive system in a residential building of Spain. This method contributes to the improvement of the construction waste management.Dossier: Arquitectura, Ciudad y Construcción Sustentable.Facultad de Arquitectura y Urbanism

BIM based system of automatic generation of the quantification of construction and demolition waste

La gestión sostenible de los residuos se ha convertido en una preocupación creciente, y se considera en la actualidad una de las prácticas más efectivas para solventar los problemas que genera el sector de la construcción. Este artículo presenta una metodología de medición de los residuos de construcción y demolición (RCD) mediante el método de transferencias ponderadas de la medición, permitiendo usar cualquier Base de Datos de Costes de Construcción. Además, al contrario que otros estudios recientes en este campo, el método posibilita cuantificar los RCD en unidades de peso actuando su cuantificación selectiva por su material original y también por su impacto medioambiental y coste. Para mostrar el rendimiento de la metodología, se presenta una aplicación práctica para un sistema constructivo de un edificio residencial en España. Este método contribuye a la mejora de la gestión de los residuos de construcción.Sustainable management of construction and demolition waste has become a growing concern and it is currently considered as the most effective practice to solve the problems that construction sector generates. This paper presents a methodology to measure the construction and demolition waste (CDW)  by applying the weighted transfers of measurement methodology, in order to use any Construction Cost Database. In addition, unlike recent studies in this field, this method allows to quantify the CDW in units of weight performing its selective quantification by identifying the original material and also its environmental impact and costs. To show the performance of the methodology, it is presented a practical application to a constructive system in a residential building of Spain. This method contributes to the improvement of the construction waste management

Radiationless mechanism of UV deactivation by cuticle phenolics in plants

[EN] Hydroxycinnamic acids present in plant cuticles, the interphase and the main protective barrier between the plant and the environment, exhibit singular photochemical properties that could allow them to act as a UV shield. Here, we employ transient absorption spectroscopy on isolated cuticles and leaf epidermises to study in situ the photodynamics of these molecules in the excited state. Based on quantum chemical calculations on p-coumaric acid, the main phenolic acid present in the cuticle, we propose a model in which cuticle phenolics display a photoprotective mechanism based in an ultrafast and non-radiative excited state deactivation combined with fluorescence emission. As such, the cuticle can be regarded as the first and foremost protective barrier against UV radiation. This photostable and photodynamic mechanism seems to be universal in land plants giving a special role and function to the presence of different aromatic domains in plant cuticles and epidermises.This work has been supported by grants RTI2018-094277-B/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, PID2020-119636GB-I00 and RED2018-102331-T from Agencia Estatal de Investigación, Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Spain co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) and SBPLY/17/180501/000189 from UCLM Junta de Comunidades de Castilla-La Mancha (JCCM-FEDER). Computational resources, technical and human support provided by IZO-SGI, SGIker (UPV/EHU, MICINN, GV/EJ, ERDF and ESF) and DIPC (Donostia International Physics Centre) are gratefully acknowledged. Ana González Moreno is the recipient of a Formación Personal Universitario fellowship FPU17/01771. The authors thank Dr. Jessica Román, Dr. José Luis Zafra and Dr. Cristina Capel for their technical work and Dr. Victoria Gómez, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, for the NMR assignments

Orchis cazorlensis Lacaita en el Parque Natural de la Sierra de las Nieves (Málaga)

Orchis cazorlensis Lacaita in the Natural Park Sierra de las Nieves (Málaga) Palabras clave. Orchidaceae, Orchis cazorlensis, Serranía de Ronda, Sierra de las Nieves, Málaga.Key words. Orchidaceae, Orchis cazorlensis, Serranía de Ronda, Sierra de las Nieves, Málaga