The site of San Esteban (Cacabelos, León) and its relationship with Bergidum Flavium

[ES] Se presentan los resultados obtenidos a partir de las actuaciones arqueológicas realizadas durante el año 2014 en el yacimiento arqueológico de San Esteban (Cacabelos, León), en el marco de ejecución del proyecto de modernización de regadíos del Canal Alto del Bierzo. El yacimiento también es conocido como Fuente de San Esteban o Ciudad de Valverde, localizándose al NE de Cacabelos. Las intervenciones permitieron documentar la presencia de varias estructuras murarias y canales, que estarían relacionadas con algún tipo de hábitat o lugar de explotación económica, posiblemente con carácter artesanal o industrial. Asimismo, la presencia de enterramientos permitió contrastar su uso como lugar funerario y cultual. Durante la intervención fueron documentados restos de materiales cerámicos, vidrio, metal, restos óseos y material de construcción. Estas evidencias deben contextualizarse con la existencia del camino antiguo de Cacabelos a Arganza, posiblemente de origen romano, que cruza el yacimiento de N a S.[EN] We present the results obtained from the archaeological works done during the 2014 in the archaeological site of San Esteban (Cacabelos, León), within the framework of the project to modernize the irrigation system of the Canal del Bierzo. The settlement is also known as Fuente de San Esteban or Ciudad de Valverde, located in the NE of Cacabelos. The interventions documented wall structures and canals, which would be related to some type of habitat or place of economic exploitation, possibly with an artisan or industrial character. Likewise, the presence of burials allowed to know its use as a funeral and cult place. During the intervention were documented remains of ceramic materials, glass, metal, bones and construction material. These evidences must be contextualized with the existence of the old road from Cacabelos to Arganza, possibly of roman origin, that crosses the settlement from N to S

New perspectives about the domestic space in the recent Prehistory of NW Iberia: the settlement of Os Remedios (Moaña, Pontevedra)

Se sintetizan los resultados de la excavación en área de un asentamiento datable en el Calcolítico/Edad del Bronce en la costa SO de Galicia. Llama la atención en este lugar su extensión (superior a las 0,4 ha) y la variedad de las estructuras halladas, ligadas a actividades cotidianas (fondos de cabaña, zanjas de drenaje) o propósitos defensivos (una gran empalizada). Existen indicios directos e indirectos de prácticas agrícolas y, muy posiblemente, esta aldea de tan larga persistencia jugó un papel de control de las rutas naturales que comunican la llanura costera con las tierras altas del MorrazoWe analyze the results of a large-scale dig carried out in a Chalcolithic/Bronze Age domestic site in SW Galicia. The main features of this settlement are its fairly large extension (of at least 0,4 ha) and the variety and size of the structures discovered, related with daily life (huts, drain trenches) or for defensive purposes (a long palisade). There is direct and indirect evidence of farming activities and most possibly this long-standing village had a role in controlling the movement between the coastal plain and the mountain rangesS

Cost‐effectiveness and cost‐utility evaluation of individual vs. group transdiagnostic psychological treatment for emotional disorders in primary care (PsicAP‐Costs): a multicentre randomized controlled trial protocol

Background: Emotional disorders are common, and they have become more prevalent since the COVID‐19 pan‐ demic. Due to a high attendance burden at the specialized level, most emotional disorders in Spain are treated in primary care, where they are usually misdiagnosed and treated using psychotropic drugs. This contributes to perpetu‐ ate their illness and increase health care costs. Following the IAPT programme and the transdiagnostic approach, the PsicAP project developed a brief group transdiagnostic cognitive‐behavioural therapy (tCBT) as a cost‐effective alternative. However, it is not suitable for everyone; in some cases, one‐on‐one sessions may be more effective. The objective of the present study is to compare, in cost‐benefit terms, group and individual tCBT with the treatment usu‐ ally administered in Spanish primary care (TAU). Methods: A randomized, controlled, multicentre, and single‐blinded trial will be performed. Adults with mild to moderate emotional disorders will be recruited and placed in one of three arms: group tCBT, individual tCBT, or TAU. Medical data and outcomes regarding emotional symptoms, disability, quality of life, and emotion regulation biases will be collected at baseline, immediately after treatment, and 6 and 12 months later. The data will be used to calcu‐ late incremental cost‐effectiveness and cost‐utility ratios. Discussion: This trial aims to contribute to clinical practice research. The involvement of psychologists in primary care and the implementation of a stepped‐care model for mental disorders are recommended. Group therapy and a transdiagnostic approach may help optimize health system resources and unblock waiting lists so that people can spend less time experiencing mental health problems. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT04847310; Protocols.io: bx2npqde. (April 19, 2021

Protocolo transdiagnóstico PsicAP de entrenamiento cognitivo-conductual en grupo para trastornos emocionales

Anxiety disorders and depression are highly prevalent today. The PsicAP clinical trial showed that adding 7 sessions of group cognitive-behavioural training with a transdiagnostic approach to the usual treatment of emotional disorders in adult primary care patients increased efficacy and cost-effectiveness in reducing symptom levels, reduced disability and improved quality of life. In this work, these 7 sessions of the PsicAP protocol of transdiagnostic treatment are described, aimed at intervening on the factors common to the different disorders: cognitive distortions and emotional regulation strategies. It is an intervention based on learning through psychoeducation, cognitive restructuring, relaxation, behavioural techniques and relapse prevention. It concludes by arguing about the usefulness of this protocol to reduce the gap between research and clinical practice, something necessary in today's societyLos trastornos de ansiedad y la depresión son altamente prevalentes en la sociedad actual. El ensayo clínico PsicAP demostró que añadir 7 sesiones de entrenamiento cognitivo-conductual en grupo con enfoque transdiagnóstico al tratamiento habitual de trastornos emocionales en pacientes adultos de atención primaria aumentó la eficacia y coste-efectividad para reducir los niveles de síntomas, redujo la discapacidad y mejoró la calidad de vida. En este trabajo se describen esas 7 sesiones del protocolo PsicAP de tratamiento transdiagnóstico, dirigido a la intervención sobre los factores comunes a los distintos trastornos: las distorsiones cognitivas y las estrategias de regulación emocional. Se trata de una intervención basada en el aprendizaje mediante psicoeducación, reestructuración cognitiva, relajación, técnicas conductuales y prevención de recaídas. Se concluye argumentando sobre la utilidad de este protocolo para reducir la brecha entre investigación y práctica clínica, algo necesario en la sociedad actua

Clinical guide of the Spanish Society of Nephrology on the prevention and treatment of peritoneal infection in peritoneal dialysis

[Resumen] Las infecciones peritoneales siguen constituyendo una complicación muy relevante de la diálisis peritoneal, por su incidencia todavía elevada y por sus importantes consecuencias clínicas, en términos de mortalidad, fracaso de la técnica y costes para el sistema sanitario. Las prácticas de prevención y tratamiento de esta complicación muestran una notable heterogeneidad derivada, entre otros factores, de la complejidad del problema y de la escasez de evidencia clínica que permitan responder de manera clara a muchas de las dudas planteadas. El propósito de este documento es proporcionar una revisión completa y actualizada de los métodos de diagnóstico, prevención y tratamiento de estas infecciones. El documento se ha elaborado tomando como referencia de partida la guía más reciente de la Sociedad Internacional de Diálisis Peritoneal (2016). Mientras que para el capítulo diagnóstico se ha adoptado una estructura más narrativa, el análisis de las medidas de prevención y tratamiento ha seguido una metodología sistemática (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation [GRADE]), que especifica el nivel de evidencia y la fuerza de las sugerencias y recomendaciones propuestas, y facilita actualizaciones futuras de la guía. La gran extensión y numerosas recomendaciones o sugerencias emanadas de la revisión ponen de manifiesto la complejidad y gran número de facetas a tener en cuenta para un adecuado abordaje de esta importante complicación de la diálisis peritoneal.[Abstract] Peritoneal infections still represent a most feared complication of chronic peritoneal dialysis, due to their high incidence and relevant clinical consequences, including direct mortality, technique failure and a significant burden for the health system. The practices for prevention and treatment of this complication show a remarkable heterogeneity emerging, among other factors, from the complexity of the problem and from a paucity of quality evidence which could permit to respond clearly to many of the raised questions. The purpose of this document is to provide a complete and updated review of the main methods of diagnosis, prevention and treatment of these infections. The document has been elaborated taking as a reference the most recent guidelines of the International Society of Peritoneal Dialysis (2016). The diagnostic considerations are presented in a narrative style while, for prevention and therapy, we have used a systematic methodology (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation [GRADE]), which specifies the level of evidence and the strength of the proposed suggestions and recommendations and facilitates future updates of the document. The length of the document and the many suggestions and recommendations coming out of the review underline the large number and the complexity of the factors to be taken into consideration for an adequate approach to this complication of peritoneal dialysis

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Terra Sigillata y contextos arqueológicos en la Galicia suroccidental. Intervenciones en los yacimientos de Bueu y Vigo (Pontevedra)

Se presentan una serie de materiales inéditos recogidos en varias intervenciones arqueológicas desarrolladas en los últimos años en los yacimientos romanos de Bueu y Vigo. Los solares excavados pertenecen a sendos complejos o aglomerados romanos de especial relevancia dentro del ámbito noroccidental. La explotación de las Rías Baixas en época antigua como zonas productoras de recursos primarios y por lo tanto como puntos de contacto comercial de cierta entidad, se reveló como una de las noticias mas atractivas de carácter arqueológico para el NW en los últimos años. Este tipo de yacimientos resultan claves a la hora de entender el uso de los cursos fluviales como vías de comunicación hacia el interior y viceversa, el contacto y las relaciones entre el área mediterránea y el atlántica, el papel de los pequeños centros redistribuidores y el proceso de romanización a lo largo del tiempo, así como para llenar el vacío existente hasta hace unos años, respecto al mundo tardorromano con la controversia acerca de la crisis a la que tradicionalmente fue asociado. El yacimiento romano de Bueu fue descubierto en el año 1972 con motivo de las obras de reforma de la fachada de la antigua factoría de Conservas Alonso. Los restos fueron localizados en la esquina oriental al pie de la Avenida de Beiramar. Se señala que entre los escombros de la obra fueran localizadas dos basas de columna y un molino circular fragmentado. También se informa de la presencia de un muro de cantería que atravesaba el solar en dirección transversal al de la calle y que quedaría enterrado. Por su parte el análisis de los restos localizados con motivo de los trabajos arqueológicos realizados en la Parcela 4 de la U.A. I-06 Rosalía de Castro 2 de Vigo, permitieron establecer diferentes conclusiones. Fueron localizados restos arqueológicos pertenecientes a diferentes fases de ocupación que irían de la época romana hasta la contemporánea, así como los niveles de formación natural, previos a la instalación de la salina romana