Aplicación de estrategias innovadoras de E-Learning y autoevaluación en los ejercicios de intercomparación de los laboratorios de Química Analítica

La introducción de las Tecnologías Informáticas en los centros educativos de enseñanza universitaria, así como la penetración de Internet en la vida académica, nos ofrece todo un caudal de oportunidades para optimizar el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje y experimentar con nuevas formas de enseñanza, basadas en el manejo de las herramientas digitales. Estas nuevas prácticas en el aula, que se han ido desarrollando en los últimos años, potencian el aprendizaje constructivo y colaborativo entre los educandos haciendo que reflexionen acerca de sus ideas y de las de los demás. La introducción de las TICs en el marco educativo universitario ha modificado considerablemente no solo el modo de enseñanza/aprendizaje sino también en el contexto de la evaluación. Dentro del concepto de evaluación colaborativa, existe un gran número de trabajos y propuestas desde los inicios de las prácticas educativas formales en contextos virtuales. A pesar de esta presencia la evaluación colaborativa sigue siendo un campo por explorar debido a la dificultad que entraña, el extraer indicadores para la evaluación del aprendizaje mediante recursos virtual e-learning como foros, debates, u otras herramientas más complejas que conllevan el trabajo/aprendizaje colaborativo entre alumnos (grupos virtuales) como es el caso de las webQuest, Wikis, etc. Una ventaja metodológica es que la tecnología nos aporta la posibilidad no sólo de evaluar el producto colaborativo sino también el proceso. Este hecho es significativamente diferente del que ocurre en las prácticas presenciales que resulta de mucho interés para una verdadera evaluación formativa. El proyecto solicitado “Diseño y aplicación de estrategias innovadoras de evaluación colaborativa y autoevaluación e-learning en los ejercicios de intercomparación de los laboratorios de química analítica supondrá la implantación de metodologías activas y participativas orientadas a facilitar y mejorar el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje en general, y la innovación en estrategias de evaluación y de autoevaluación en particular, favoreciendo la participación de los alumnos en actividades formativas fuera del aula como parte fundamental de una docencia de calidad dentro del Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior (EEES). En concreto se utilizará como herramienta una webquest en la cual se desarrollarán tareas de evaluación colaborativa como la elaboración de una wiki, y un e-portafolio entre otras, de aplicación a distintas asignaturas del área de la química que implementan los ejercicios de intercomparación de los resultados obtenidos en los laboratorios de química analítica (implantado mediante proyectos de innovación). Estos ejercicios permiten que los estudiantes reciban información comparada de los resultados de su trabajo con el obtenido por otros estudiantes de su mismo nivel, motivándoles a trabajar lo mejor posible para obtener buenos resultados y que quede demostrado la calidad del trabajo realizado. La participación en estos ejercicios de intercomparación es un requisito contemplado en la norma UNE-EN-ISO 17025 para asegurar la competencia técnica necesaria para realizar ensayos de calidad y de forma fiable. Este proyecto está basado en la experiencia del equipo docente que forma parte de este proyecto en la implementación de varios proyectos de innovación que han logrado la implementación de los ejercicios de intercomparción en la Facultad de Químicas como un elemento diferenciador y de calidad de los Grados impartidos en la UCM

Rapid, reliable and easy-to-perform chemometric-less method for rice syrup adulterated honey detection using FTIR-ATR

The adulteration of honey (Apis mellifera) is a global problem due to its economic, commercial and health implications. The world's leading beekeeping organisation, APIMONDIA, considers that the detection of adulteration in honey is a problem that has not yet been resolved. This evidence of the importance of the intensive development of analytical techniques that allow the unequivocal detection of adulterants in honey, especially those whose use as honey adulterants has recently emerged. This work aims to develop a fast, easy-to-perform, low-cost analytical method to qualitatively and quantitatively determine rice syrup using the Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) technique with attenuated total reflectance (ATR) mode without complex mathematical procedures and sophisticated sample preparation. This study involved the analysis of 256 intentionally rice-syrup-adulterated honey samples and 92 pure honey samples of bee multifloral honey from Spain. The method, based strictly on the determination of the absorbance directly from the samples, at 1013 cm−1 The methodology used no need for previous treatments or preparations and demonstrated the scope for the unequivocal detection of rice syrup in adulterated honey containing equal to or higher than 3% (m/m) or more of this adulterant. Using the Exponential Plus Linear model (r = 0.998) shows high accuracy and precision, in terms of relative error (0.32%, m/m) and coefficient of variation (1.4%). The results of this study have led to the establishment of a maximum absorbance threshold of 0.670 for honey without rice syrup

New developments in lycopene analysis by spectroscopic and chromatographic techniques, accompanied by mathematical modelling

Comunicación Oral sobre los resultados obtenidos en el estudio de las propiedades del lycopeno presente en el tomate como compuesto bioactivo. Se realizó la identificación y cuantificación por diferentes metodologías experimentales. Se muestran los resultados analíticos comapartivamente con distintas técnicas

Megapixel multi-elemental imaging by Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy, a technology with considerable potential for paleoclimate studies

Paleoclimate studies play a crucial role in understanding past and future climates and their environmental impacts. Current methodologies for performing highly sensitive elemental analysis at micrometre spatial resolutions are restricted to the use of complex and/or not easily applied techniques, such as synchrotron radiation X-ray fluorescence micro-analysis (μ-SRXRF), nano secondary ion mass spectrometry (nano-SIMS) or laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LAICP-MS). Moreover, the analysis of large samples (>few cm²) with any of these methods remains very challenging due to their relatively low acquisition speed (~1–10 Hz), and because they must be operated in vacuum or controlled atmosphere. In this work, we proposed an imaging methodology based on laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy, to perform fast multi-elemental scanning of large geological samples with high performance in terms of sensitivity (ppm-level), lateral resolution (up to 10 μm) and operating speed (100 Hz). This method was successfully applied to obtain the first megapixel images of large geological samples and yielded new information, not accessible using other techniques. These results open a new perspective into the use of laser spectroscopy in a variety of geochemical applications

The mediating role of the entrepreneurial ecosystem in the entrepreneurial personality and green entrepreneurship : the case of Peruvian's university students.

Nowadays, the value of innovation, green behavior, and entrepreneurship have grown, which is essential for a country's sustainable development. However, there has been no in-depth study of what the ecosystem should be to promote entrepreneurship and, thus, care for the environment. For this reason, this study aims to explore the entrepreneurial ecosystem's effect on Peruvian university students' entrepreneurial personality and green entrepreneurship. This study uses a duly validated instrument that includes the three variables divided by dimensions and was applied to a population of university students in Peru. Using a simple random sampling technique, the data were collected from 384 students of Peruvian universities. This study used the Smart-PLS to examine the reliability of the data and the correlation of the dimensions and items of the variables. In conclusion, providing entrepreneurship tools can help students develop desirable personality traits to generate sustainable businesses. The job of universities is to improve education for sustainable development. This means that students should learn the skills and knowledge they need to use environmental practices in their businesses.Edwerson William Pacori Paricahua (Universidad nacional de Juliaca), Jorge Martín Cruz Padilla (Universidad Norbert Wiener), Soraya del Pilar Carranco (Madrid Universidad Central del Ecuador), Jose Omar García Tarazona (Universidad Nacional de educación), Sonia Alejandrina Sotelo Muñoz (Universidad científica del Sur), Jesus Enrique Reyes Acevedo (Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Alto Amazonas), Jose Daniel Sanchez Fernandez (Universidad Católica de Santa María), Isaac Merino Quispe (Universidad Nacional Jose Maria Arguedas), José Luis Arias-Gonzáles (Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú), Roxana Yolanda Castillo-Acobo (Universidad Nacional de San Agustín), Milagros del Rosario Cáceres-Chávez (Camosun College)Includes bibliographical references

Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study

Summary Background Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally. Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality. Methods We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis, exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung’s disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause, in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status. We did a complete case analysis. Findings We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung’s disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middleincome countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male. Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3). Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups). Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in lowincome countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries; p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88–4·11], p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59–2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20 [1·04–1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention (ASA 4–5 vs ASA 1–2, 1·82 [1·40–2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1–2, 1·58, [1·30–1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety checklist not used (1·39 [1·02–1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed (ventilation 1·96, [1·41–2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05–1·74], p=0·018). Administration of parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47–0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65 [0·50–0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48–1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality. Interpretation Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between lowincome, middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger than 5 years by 2030

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Nuevo método de análisis de elementos químicos, metales y no metales en líquidos por ablación láser previa congelación de la muestra

Depto. de Química AnalíticaFac. de Ciencias Químicaspu

La innovación digital en la práctica deportiva de la comunidad tenista aficionada del Perú

El presente proyecto de negocio denominado “La innovación digital en la práctica deportiva de la comunidad tenista aficionada del Perú” fue elaborado en respuesta a la identificación de una creciente necesidad del segmento, por contar con un producto que facilite la logística de la práctica del tenis. La propuesta de valor del negocio unifica la comunidad deportiva amateur del tenis en una red social inclusiva, integrando a todo el mundo del deporte (entrenadores, clubes, canchas, académicas, deportistas, torneos, comercios y fanáticos) del tenis en un solo lugar, mediante una plataforma virtual (App) que los conecte a través de portafolio de servicios. A partir de un sondeo, determinamos que el público objetivo corresponde al segmento socio económico NSE A y B entre 25 a 71 años, de los distritos de San Isidro, Miraflores, Surco, San Borja y La Molina. El proyecto tendrá un crecimiento de la demanda desde el segundo año del 15% y 18%, 21% y 24% para el tercer, cuarto y quinto año respectivamente. Así mismo, un resultado positivo desde el tercer año de operación con un TIR (Tasa Inversión de Retorno) de 52.99% y VAN (Valor Actual Neto) de S/ 322,183, respaldando la factibilidad y viabilidad del negocio.Abstract: This business project called “Digital Innovation in Sports Practice of the Amateur Tennis Community of Peru” was prepared in response to the identification of a growing need for the segment, because it has a product that facilitates the logistics of tennis practice. The business value proposal unifies the amateur sports community of tennis in an inclusive social network, integrating the entire world of sport (coaches, clubs, courts, academics, athletes, tournaments, shops and fans) of tennis in one place, through a virtual platform (App) that connects them through a portfolio of services. From a survey, we determine that the target audience corresponds to the socio-economic segment NSE A and B between 25 and 71 years, of the districts Of San Isidro, Miraflores, Surco, San Borja and La Molina. The project will have a growth in demand from the second year of 15% and 18%, 21% and 24% for the third, fourth and fifth year respectively. Likewise, a positive result from the third year of operation with an TIR of 52.99% and VAN of S/ 322,182 supporting the feasibility and viability of the business.Tesi