Transprofessional Competences of a Teacher Under the New Conditions of Continuous Professional Education System Development

В статье раскрывается понятие транспрофессиональных компетенций педагога, барьеры в овладении ими и возможности формирования транспрофессиональных компетенций в новых условиях непрерывного профессионального образования.The article looks into the concept of transprofessional competencies of a teacher, considers the barriers to their development and how they can be improved under the new conditions of continuous professional education.Публикуется при финансовой поддержке гранта РФФИ № 20-413-720002 «Теоретико-методологические основы формирования транспрофессиональных компетенций учителей иностранного языка средствами предметно-языковой интеграции в системе непрерывного профессионально-педагогического образования»Published with financial support from the RFFR grant No. 20-413-720002 «Theory and methods of foreign language teachers’ transprofessional competences development within the framework of continuing professional and pedagogical education

Developing foreign language professional-communicative competence of pedagogical university students by means of CLIL

Introduction. The article describes a study of an original CLILbased teaching model at a teacher-training university, designed specifically to develop students’ foreign language professional-communicative competence (FLPCC). Its relevance is due to a lack of research into applying CLIL theory and methodology in teacher-training institutions of higher education, as well as to a practical need to improve the quality of pedagogy undergraduates’ foreign language instruction.The aim of the present study is to substantiate the effectiveness of implementing the proposed CLIL-based FLPCC development model at a pedagogical university.Methodology and research methods. The proposed model integrates the communicative and competence-based approaches, as well as the method of conceptual modelling. To assess and confirm the results of the experiment, the authors created a diagnostic complex test in accordance with the Professional Teacher Standard. A feedback survey among students and teachers was conducted, and a SWOT analysis was carried out. The applied methods of mathematical-statistical analysis: Mann – Whitney U-test, Student’s t-test.Results and scientific novelty. Experimentally and statistically, the study proved the effectiveness of the proposed CLIL-based FLPCC development model. A new model-based CLIL-course was introduced, uniting the content, communicational, cognitive and cultural components of CLIL framework. The conducted experiment contributed to an increase in professional and subjectlanguage knowledge, development of the FLPCC skills and professional and communicative strategies, aimed at solving professional and pedagogical problems. The study presents a new perspective on tandem teaching by integrating the efforts of teachers from various scientific fields. A diagnostic complex test was developed in accordance with the Professional Teacher Standard. SWOT analysis of experimental results revealed the effectiveness and viability of the proposed model.Practical significance. The study will be useful to teachers practicing CLIL, and for those looking for ways to develop FLPCC in a teacher training institution. Although the experimental work carried out in one university, does not claim to be comprehensive, the authors believe that the model implementation may improve the quality of teacher education.Введение. В статье представлены результаты внедрения авторской модели формирования иноязычной профессионально-коммуникативной компетенции (ИПКК) у студентов педвуза посредством предметноязыкового интегрированного обучения (CLIL). Актуальность исследования обусловлена отсутствием теоретических и методических разработок CLIL-курсов для педагогического вуза, практической потребностью в улучшении качества подготовки бакалавров педагогики, изучающих иностранный язык. Цель статьи – обосновать эффективность разработанной модели формирования ИПКК у студентов педагогического вуза посредством CLIL.Методология и методики. В основе создания предлагаемой модели лежит методологический принцип интеграции коммуникативного и компетентностного подходов, а также метод концептуального моделирования. Для определения эффективности результатов эксперимента был создан комплексный тест, составленный в соответствии с Профессиональным стандартом педагога1. По результатам исследования проведены анкетный опрос его участников и SWOT-анализ. Для обработки и обобщения полученных данных использовались методы математической статистики: U-критерий Манна – Уитни, t-критерий Стьюдента.Результаты и научная новизна. В статье дано экспериментальное и статистическое обоснование эффективности авторской модели формирования ИПКК у студентов педагогического вуза посредством реализации CLILкурса, который основан на интеграции предметного, социально-языкового, познавательно-обучающего и культурного компонентов содержания обучения. Проведение эксперимента способствовало повышению уровня как профессиональных, так и предметно-языковых знаний, совершенствованию умений и навыков ИППК, а также успешному овладению профессиональнокоммуникативными стратегиями, направленными на решение профессионально-педагогических задач. Представлен опыт организации тандемного обучения студентов преподавателями из разных научных сфер. Разработан и апробирован диагностический комплексный тест на основе Профессионального стандарта педагога. SWOT-анализ результатов эксперимента позволил сделать вывод об эффективности и перспективности предложенной модели. Практическая значимость. Исследование будет полезно преподавателям высшей школы, практикующим CLIL, а также педагогам, занимающимся проблемой формирования ИПКК студентов. Экспериментальная работа, проведенная в рамках одного вуза, не претендует на всеохватывающий и универсальный характер, но подтверждает, что внедрение предложенной модели способствует повышению качества подготовки будущих педагогов

Hydrothermal alteration of andesitic lava domes can lead to explosive volcanic behaviour

Dome-forming volcanoes are among the most hazardous volcanoes on Earth. Magmatic outgassing can be hindered if the permeability of a lava dome is reduced, promoting pore pressure augmentation and explosive behaviour. Laboratory data show that acid-sulphate alteration, common to volcanoes worldwide, can reduce the permeability on the sample lengthscale by up to four orders of magnitude and is the result of pore- and microfracture-filling mineral precipitation. Calculations using these data demonstrate that intense alteration can reduce the equivalent permeability of a dome by two orders of magnitude, which we show using numerical modelling to be sufficient to increase pore pressure. The fragmentation criterion shows that the predicted pore pressure increase is capable of fragmenting the majority of dome-forming materials, thus promoting explosive volcanism. It is crucial that hydrothermal alteration, which develops over months to years, is monitored at dome-forming volcanoes and is incorporated into real-time hazard assessments

Developing foreign language professional-communicative competence of pedagogical university students by means of CLIL

Introduction. The article describes a study of an original CLILbased teaching model at a teacher-training university, designed specifically to develop students’ foreign language professional-communicative competence (FLPCC). Its relevance is due to a lack of research into applying CLIL theory and methodology in teacher-training institutions of higher education, as well as to a practical need to improve the quality of pedagogy undergraduates’ foreign language instruction.The aim of the present study is to substantiate the effectiveness of implementing the proposed CLIL-based FLPCC development model at a pedagogical university.Methodology and research methods. The proposed model integrates the communicative and competence-based approaches, as well as the method of conceptual modelling. To assess and confirm the results of the experiment, the authors created a diagnostic complex test in accordance with the Professional Teacher Standard. A feedback survey among students and teachers was conducted, and a SWOT analysis was carried out. The applied methods of mathematical-statistical analysis: Mann – Whitney U-test, Student’s t-test.Results and scientific novelty. Experimentally and statistically, the study proved the effectiveness of the proposed CLIL-based FLPCC development model. A new model-based CLIL-course was introduced, uniting the content, communicational, cognitive and cultural components of CLIL framework. The conducted experiment contributed to an increase in professional and subjectlanguage knowledge, development of the FLPCC skills and professional and communicative strategies, aimed at solving professional and pedagogical problems. The study presents a new perspective on tandem teaching by integrating the efforts of teachers from various scientific fields. A diagnostic complex test was developed in accordance with the Professional Teacher Standard. SWOT analysis of experimental results revealed the effectiveness and viability of the proposed model.Practical significance. The study will be useful to teachers practicing CLIL, and for those looking for ways to develop FLPCC in a teacher training institution. Although the experimental work carried out in one university, does not claim to be comprehensive, the authors believe that the model implementation may improve the quality of teacher education

Influence of the regional topography on the remote emplacement of hydrothermal systems with examples of Ticsani and Ubinas volcanoes, Southern Peru

Present work studies the influence of the regional topography on the hydrothermal fluid flow pattern in the subsurface of a volcanic complex. We discuss how the advective transfer of heat from a magmatic source is controlled by the regional topography for different values of the averaged permeability. For this purpose, we use a 2-D numerical model of coupled mass and heat transport and new data sets acquired at Ticsani and Ubinas, two andesitic volcanoes in Southern Peru which have typical topography, justifying this approach. A remarkable feature of these hydrothermal systems is their remote position not centered on the top of the edifice. It is evidenced by numerous hot springs located in more than 10 km distance from the top of each edifice. Upwelling of thermal water is also inferred from a positive self-potential anomaly at the summit of the both volcanoes, and by ground temperatures up to 37 degrees C observed at Ticsani. Our model results suggest that the regional topographic gradient is able to significantly divert the thermal water flow and can lead to an asymmetric emplacement of the hydrothermal system even considering a homogeneous permeability of the edifice. Inside the thermal flow, the hydraulic conductivity increases with the decrease of temperature-related viscosity, focusing the flow towards the surface and creating a hydrothermal zone at a large lateral distance from the heat source. The location and temperature of the hot springs together with the water table position given by self-potential data can be used to constrain the average permeability of the edifice, a key parameter influencing fluid flow and associated advective heat transfer in the direction opposite to the regional topographic gradient. Our study allows to explain the emplacement of the hydrothermal systems at volcanoes with asymmetric edifices or even the absence of a shallow hydrothermal system. These results can be generalized to the study of non-volcanic hydrothermal systems

Structure and evolution of an active resurgent dome evidenced by geophysical investigations: The Yenkahe dome-Yasur volcano system (Siwi caldera, Vanuatu)

Brothelande, E. et. al.In this contribution, we focus on one of the most active resurgences on Earth, that of the Yenkahe dome in the Siwi caldera (Tanna Island, Vanuatu), which is associated with the persistently active Yasur volcano. Gravity and magnetic surveys have been carried out over the past few years in the area, as well as electrical methods including electrical resistivity tomography (ERT), time domain electro-magnetics (TDEM) and self-potential (SP). These investigations were completed by thermometry, CO2 soil gas measurements, field observations and sampling. This multi-method approach allows geological structures within the caldera to be identified, as well as associated hydrothermal features. The global structure of the caldera is deduced from gravity data, which shows the caldera rim as a high density structure. Large lava fields, emplaced before and after the onset of resurgence, are evidenced by combined gravity, magnetic and resistivity signals. In the middle of the caldera, the Yenkahe dome apparently results from a combination of volcanic and tectonic events, showing that lava extrusion and resurgence have been operating simultaneously or alternately during the Siwi caldera post-collapse history. There is a clear distinction between the western and eastern parts of the dome. The western part is older and records the growth of an initial volcanic cone and the formation of a small caldera. This small caldera (paleo-Yasur caldera), partially filled with lava flows, is the present-day focus of volcanic activity and associated fluid circulation and alteration. The eastern part of the dome is presumably younger, and is characterized by intense, extensive hydrothermal alteration and activity. Its northern part is covered by lava flow piles and exhibits a shallow hydrothermal zone in ERT. The southern part has hydrothermal alteration and activity extending at least down to the base of the resurgent dome. This part of the dome is built up of low cohesion rock and is thus potentially prone to gravitational landslides. Lastly, while self-potential and temperature data suggest that widespread hydrothermal circulation occurs throughout almost all of the caldera, and possibly beyond, the most active parts of this hydrothermal system are associated with the dome. The presence of this active hydrothermal system is the clearest indicator that these methods can provide of a potential shallow magmatic body underneath the domeThis research was co-financed by the French Government “ANR ARC-Vanuatu: Programme Catastrophes Telluriques et Tsunamis” (ANR-06-CATT-02) and Laboratory of Excellence initiative n°ANR-10-LABX-0006, the Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans (LMV), the Laboratoire GéoSciences Réunion, the Région Auvergne and the European Regional Development Fund. Datasets are available at LMV. In addition, gravimetric data are available at International Gravimetric Bureau. This is Laboratory of Excellence ClerVolc contribution number 171 and IPGP contribution number 3654.Peer reviewe

Structure and evolution of an active resurgent dome evidenced by geophysical investigations: The Yenkahe dome-Yasur volcano system (Siwi caldera, Vanuatu)

International audienceIn this contribution, we focus on one of the most active resurgences on Earth, that of the Yenkahe dome in the Siwi caldera (Tanna Island, Vanuatu), which is associated with the persistently active Yasur volcano. Gravity and magnetic surveys have been carried out over the past few years in the area, as well as electrical methods including electrical resistivity tomography (ERT), time domain electro-magnetics (TDEM) and self-potential (SP). These investigations were completed by thermometry, CO2 soil gas measurements, field observations and sampling. This multi-method approach allows geological structures within the caldera to be identified, as well as associated hydrothermal features. The global structure of the caldera is deduced from gravity data, which shows the caldera rim as a high density structure. Large lava fields, emplaced before and after the onset of resurgence, are evidenced by combined gravity, magnetic and resistivity signals. In the middle of the caldera, the Yenkahe dome apparently results from a combination of volcanic and tectonic events, showing that lava extrusion and resurgence have been operating simultaneously or alternately during the Siwi caldera post-collapse history. There is a clear distinction between the western and eastern parts of the dome. The western part is older and records the growth of an initial volcanic cone and the formation of a small caldera. This small caldera (paleo-Yasur caldera), partially filled with lava flows, is the present-day focus of volcanic activity and associated fluid circulation and alteration. The eastern part of the dome is presumably younger, and is characterized by intense, extensive hydrothermal alteration and activity. Its northern part is covered by lava flow piles and exhibits a shallow hydrothermal zone in ERT. The southern part has hydrothermal alteration and activity extending at least down to the base of the resurgent dome. This part of the dome is built up of low cohesion rock and is thus potentially prone to gravitational landslides. Lastly, while self-potential and temperature data suggest that widespread hydrothermal circulation occurs throughout almost all of the caldera, and possibly beyond, the most active parts of this hydrothermal system are associated with the dome. The presence of this active hydrothermal system is the clearest indicator that these methods can provide of a potential shallow magmatic body underneath the dome

Hydrothermal and Magmatic System of a Volcanic Island Inferred From Magnetotellurics, Seismicity, Self‐potential, and Thermal Image: An Example of Miyakejima (Japan)

International audiencePhreatic and phreatomagmatic eruptions represent some of the greatest hazards occurring on volcanoes. They result from complex interactions at a depth between rock, water, and magmatic fluids. Understanding and assessing such processes remain a challenging task, notably because a large-scale characterization of volcanic edifices is often lacking. Here we focused on Miyakejima Island, an inhabited 8-km-wide stratovolcano with regular phreatomagmatic activity. We imaged its plumbing system through a combination of four geophysical techniques: magnetotellurics, seismicity, self-potential, and thermal image. We thus propose the first comprehensive interpretation of the volcanic island in terms of rock properties, temperature, fluid content, and fluid flow. We identify a shallow aquifer lying above a clay cap (<1 km depth) and reveal its relation with magmatic-tectonic features and past eruptive activity. At greater depths (2-4.5 km), we infer a seismogenic resistive region interpreted as a magmatic gas-rich reservoir (≥370°C). From this reservoir, gases rise through a fractured conduit before being released in the fumarolic area at ∼180°C. During their ascent, these hot fluids cross a ∼1.2-km-long liquid-dominated zone causing local steam explosions. Such magmatic-hydrothermal interaction elucidates (i) the origin of the long-period seismic events and (ii) the mixing mechanism between magmatic and hydrothermal fluids, which was previously observed in the geochemical signature of fumaroles. Our results demonstrate that combining multidisciplinary large-scale methods is a relevant approach to better understand volcanic systems, with implications for monitoring strategies