Microbial Analysis of Soil and Water Samples from Koel River in Rourkela, Odisha

Koel River from its early existence plays a significant role in molding the physical, economic and social development of Rourkela. It is acknowledged as one of the important elements in environmental aspect for its crucial function as water resources. As this project entitled “Microbial analysis of Soil and Water samples from Koel River in Rourkela, Odisha” deals with the water and soil quality of Koel River, the water and soil quality here were found out to be less polluted. The texture of the soil was analyzed to be clayey type which is appropriate for irrigation. The microorganisms isolated from the soil were of staphylococcus strain and were gram positive, aerobic, coccus shaped bacteria. The phytoplankton species identified from this river were Spirogyra, Oscillatoria ,Chromolina ovalis, Tetrapedia gothica, Diatoms, Scendusmus dimorphus, Chrysococcus cornuta, Penium sylvanigra of which Spirogyra and Oscillatoria were dominant, followed by diatoms, scendusmus dimorphus as sub dominant and the rest two, i.e., Chrysococcus cornuta, Penium sylvanigra come under rare species. This project aims to find out the water and soil quality of Koel River and as it is flowing through an industrial area, to find out if it is getting affected by the Industrial pollutants

'Deferred or chickened out?' Decision making among male carers of people with dementia

In this paper, we present new insight into the ways in which carers of people with dementia make decisions in the context of seemingly declining autonomy and freedom associated with the condition. Our focus is on the ways in which carers reflect on decisions made in different temporal contexts (day-to-day, medium- and long term). Drawing on data and analysis from in-depth interviews with male informal carers of women with mild to moderate dementia living in the northwest of England, we outline how the decision-making process is dependent on the temporality of the decisions. Arguably unsurprisingly, we found that short-term or 'day-to-day' decisions were made with input from those cared for, while longer term decisions were deferred until a point when necessity meant carers had to make decisions themselves. However, and importantly, carers were aware of the implications of how they were making decision, including the potential impact in terms of partial withdrawal, or even full denial, of autonomy of those they care for. Consequently, we argue that carers adopt a form of practised autonomy to negotiate the complexity of everyday decision making while managing longer term uncertainty and anxiety