Role models, mentoring and university applications: Evidence from a crossover randomised controlled trial in the United Kingdom

We conduct a randomised controlled trial in the South West of England to evaluate a policy to encourage students from poorer backgrounds to apply to selective universities. Current university students visited local schools and colleges, providing accurate information on the costs and benefits of university, and giving inspirational talks about making that decision. We find that there is a significant effect on the likelihood of students successfully applying to a selective university, but weaker effects on other outcomes. We find that effects are largest for students attending further education colleges, which typically cater for more disadvantaged students (in our sample, 6.2% of students in schools are eligible for free school meals compared to 7.4% in colleges) and offer a wider range of vocational courses. We suggest avenues for future research in this area

Access to grammar schools by socio-economic status

One of the main motivations given for the proposed new expansion of grammar schools in England is to improve social mobility. We assess the role of existing grammar schools in promoting social mobility by examining access to grammar schools, differentiating among the 85% non-poor pupils using the National Pupil Database. We find stark differences in grammar school attendance within selective areas by socio-economic status, even when comparing pupils with the same Key Stage 2 attainment. High attaining children from the most deprived backgrounds are significantly less likely to attend a grammar school compared to similarly high attaining children from the least deprived backgrounds. Given these large inequalities in attendance to grammar schools, conditional on achievement, it is hard to see how such a system would promote the aim of improving social mobility

Exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation in heart transplant recipients

This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (Intervention). The objectives are as follows: To determine the effectiveness and safety of exercise‐based rehabilitation on the mortality, hospital admissions, morbidity, exercise capacity, health‐related quality of life, and return to work of people after heart transplantation

What Do We Know of Childhood Exposures to Metals (Arsenic, Cadmium, Lead, and Mercury) in Emerging Market Countries?

Arsenic, cadmium, lead, and mercury present potential health risks to children who are exposed through inhalation or ingestion. Emerging Market countries experience rapid industrial development that may coincide with the increased release of these metals into the environment. A literature review was conducted for English language articles from the 21st century on pediatric exposures to arsenic, cadmium, lead, and mercury in the International Monetary Fund's (IMF) top 10 Emerging Market countries: Brazil, China, India, Indonesia, Mexico, Poland, Russia, South Korea, Taiwan, and Turkey. Seventy-six peer-reviewed, published studies on pediatric exposure to metals met the inclusion criteria. The reported concentrations of metals in blood and urine from these studies were generally higher than US reference values, and many studies identified adverse health effects associated with metals exposure. Evidence of exposure to metals in the pediatric population of these Emerging Market countries demonstrates a need for interventions to reduce exposure and efforts to establish country-specific reference values through surveillance or biomonitoring. The findings from review of these 10 countries also suggest the need for country-specific public health policies and clinician education in Emerging Markets

Community Engagement newsletter, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Autumn, May 2018

Locuming in paradise / Luke Arnot -- Real about rabies at Ribane-Laka / Sylvia-Anne Farmer, Daniel Parsons, Matthew Woods and Hendre van Zyl -- Lending a helping paw / Kgopotso Mabote -- One Health efforts in Gauteng put to the test / Lindsey Burgess, Devon Seaton and John Burgess -- Community engagement project goes viral / Andrè Els and Nydia-Lee BritsNews articles with colour photos about the various community engagement projects of the Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria.ab201

Volume 09

Introduction Dr. Roger A. Byrne Islamic Radicalization of Women in The United Kingdom by Mackenzie Adamson Harmony by Chad Benton The Rhetoric of Distrust: A Dangerous Game During the 2016 Presidential Campaign by Garrett Badgley Neither Man nor Monster: Frankenstein\u27s Creature as Posthuman by Anna Bultrowicz Holisticrx by Kelsey Daniel Reality Bytes: Identity in the Virtual World of Ernest Cline\u27s Ready Player One by Taylor Embrey Animation by Jose Romero Sue Klebold\u27s a Mother\u27s Reckoning: A Call to Action for Mental Health Advocacy by Taylor Hughes Hillary Clinton\u27s Rhetoric of Gender Inequality: The Past, the Present, nd the (Hypothetical) Future by Haley Klepatzki Against the Grain: Eat Gluten Free by Emily Spittle Following Judith: A Midrashic Approach to the Book of Judith by Kelsey Longnaker Identity and Dialect Adaptation: The Effect of Geography and Community on Dialect by Alexis Paige Manuel These are the Gardens Of The Desert : The Revolutionary Impact Of Bryant\u27s The Prairies on American Literature by Montana Nelson Beauty is Pain: Eating Disorders, Gender, and the Lies We Feed Young Women By Faith Shelton Be a Man: The Eradication of Gender in Y: The Last Man by Joseph Stearman A Computational Study of Molecular Electronics: The Role of Molecular Structure by John Brumfield The Importance of Voting by Monica Mcgraw Method for The Detection and Removal of Antibiotics in Bottled Water by Jayden Metzger Small Chimp Print by Maddie Smith Mental Health Impairments in Rural Communities by Lyndsey Swinhart F@#* That: The Effects of Swearing and Influence of Authority on Stress Level by Amanda N. Chappell And Haley C. Moore Friend or Faux? Prosocial and Antisocial Social Media Use and Personality Traits by Samantha Burgess, Heather Dunbar, Briana Hackett, Jackie Mcmillion, Kiana Simpkins, And Ta\u27miya Vanhook-Davis There\u27s Someone in My Head but It’s Not Me : Attitudes About Diagnosis and Treatment of Psychological Disorders by Kiana Simpkins, Lindsey Sparrock, And Leonie Verstraete Efflorescent Bonds by Kristen Melton Shower Thoughts by Ryan Bultrowic

Effects of antiplatelet therapy on stroke risk by brain imaging features of intracerebral haemorrhage and cerebral small vessel diseases: subgroup analyses of the RESTART randomised, open-label trial

Background Findings from the RESTART trial suggest that starting antiplatelet therapy might reduce the risk of recurrent symptomatic intracerebral haemorrhage compared with avoiding antiplatelet therapy. Brain imaging features of intracerebral haemorrhage and cerebral small vessel diseases (such as cerebral microbleeds) are associated with greater risks of recurrent intracerebral haemorrhage. We did subgroup analyses of the RESTART trial to explore whether these brain imaging features modify the effects of antiplatelet therapy

Don’t forget to look down - collaborative approaches to predator conservation

Finding effective ways of conserving large carnivores is widely recognised as a priority in conservation. However, there is disagreement about the most effective way to do this, with some favouring top-down ‘command and control’ approaches and others favouring collaboration. Arguments for coercive top-down approaches have been presented elsewhere; here we present arguments for collaboration. In many parts of the developed world, flexibility of approach is built into the legislation, so that conservation objectives are balanced with other legitimate goals. In the developing world, limited resources, poverty and weak governance mean that collaborative approaches are likely to play a particularly important part in carnivore conservation. In general, coercive policies may lead to the deterioration of political legitimacy and potentially to non-compliance issues such as illegal killing, whereas collaborative approaches may lead to psychological ownership, enhanced trust, learning, and better social outcomes. Sustainable hunting/trapping plays a crucial part in the conservation and management of many large carnivores. There are many different models for how to conserve carnivores effectively across the world, research is now required to reduce uncertainty and examine the effectiveness of these approaches in different contexts