Application of Rice Straw and Tithonia for Increasing Fertilizer Use Efficiency on Paddy Soil

The research was aimed to obtain a combination of rice straw (S) and tithonia (Tithonia diversifolia) (T) to increasechemical fertilizers use efficiency (FUE) on paddy soil which was conducted in Sicincin, Padang Pariaman Regencyin 2008. The experiment consisted of 8 treatments (A= recommendation input: 200 kg Urea ha-1 (Ru) + 100 kg SP-36ha-1 (Rp) + 75 kg KCl ha-1 (Rk)), B = Ru + 2Rp, C = 2.5 Mg Tithonia (T) ha-1 + 75% Ru+10 kg SP36 ha-1 as a starter Pfertilizer (P-s), D = T + 75% Ru, E = 5 Mg Rice Straw (S) ha-1 (Sr) + Ru + Rp + Rk, F = Sr + Ru + P-s, G = T + 0.5Sr + 75%Ru + P-s, H = T + 0.5S + 50% Ru + P-s) with three replications. The treatments were randomly allocated in each blockRandomized Block Design (RBD). The results showed that application of fresh organic matter (OM) from tithonia +75% recommended Urea without KCl and P-starter addition on intensification rice field increased synthetic FUE onpaddy soil. Application of tithonia for 2.5 Mg ha-1 + 75% of recommended Urea (150 kg Urea), without synthetic Pand K fertilizers seemed to be the best treatment to get the highest yield (8.08 Mg Harvested Dry Seed (HDS) ha-1(= 7.05 Mg Milled Dry Seed (MDS) ha-1) of rice, then it was followed by the treatment based on farmer tradition inputwith the yield was 7.25 Mg HDS ha-1 (= 6.41 Mg MDS ha-1). The use of fresh tithonia as much as 2.5 Mg ha-1 basedon its dry weight could be considered as an alternative fertilizer for rice crops in intensification rice field.[How to Cite: Gusnidar, S Yasin, Burbey, Yulnafatmawita, S Saleh and R Andhika. 2012. Application of Rice Straw and Tithonia for Increasing Fertilizer Use Efficiency on Paddy Soil. J Trop Soils 17 (2) : 151-156. Doi: 10.5400/jts.2012.17.2.151] [Permalink/DOI: www.dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2012.17.2.151

Evaluation of a Location Linked Notes System

We present a location-aware messaging system that lets users read and post notes tied to a particular location. We developed multiple clients (desktop, PDA and cell phone) so that users could choose the most contextually-appropriate device to interact with the system. We allowed remote access and authoring to avoid imposing artificial restrictions on users. We report on our initial evaluation of the system. The goal of the evaluation was to explore novel potential uses of the system and to identify users' preferences regarding the different system features. In our evaluation, we found that users were receptive of this system for leaving and receiving location-targeted reminders. They also overwhelmingly approved of the remote access and authoring capability, and suggested scenarios where these features would be crucial. We discuss our experiences building the system and our findings from the initial evaluation

Inferring field-scale properties of a fractured aquifer from ground surface deformation during a well test

International audienceFractured aquifers which bear valuable water resources are often difficult to characterize with classical hydrogeological tools due to their intrinsic heterogeneities. Here, we implement ground surface deformation tools (tiltmetry and optical leveling) to monitor groundwater pressure changes induced by a classical hydraulic test at the Ploemeur observatory. By jointly analyzing complementary time constraining data (tilt) and spatially constraining data (vertical displacement), our results strongly suggest that the use of these surface deformation observations allows for estimating storativity and structural properties (dip, root depth, lateral extension) of a large hydraulically active fracture, in good agreement with previous studies. Hence, we demonstrate that ground surface deformation is a useful addition to traditional hydrogeological techniques and opens possibilities for characterizing important large-scale properties of fractured aquifers with short-term well tests as a controlled forcing

Mining-related ground deformation in Crescent Valley, Nevada: Implications for sparse GPS networks

We use the Small BAseline Subset (SBAS) InSAR algorithm to obtain radar line‐of‐sight deformation velocities for two adjacent SAR swaths and invert the data for the 2‐D velocity field in vertical and ground range direction. The analysis reveals areas of rapid deformation caused by mining and agricultural activities in the Crescent Valley, Nevada, USA. The LOS displacements of up to 25 centimeters during the 1992–2002 period are caused by vertical and horizontal deformation. About 8 mm/yr horizontal velocity is detected 10 km from the BARGEN GPS site LEWI suggesting that the GPS station may be moving in response to the water pumping. In the Basin and Range anthropogenic ground deformation can extend several tens of kilometers from the basins into the bedrock of the Ranges

A finite-difference model of three-dimensional granular displacement

Online access for this thesis was created in part with support from the Institute of Museum and Library Services (IMLS) administered by the Nevada State Library, Archives and Public Records through the Library Services and Technology Act (LSTA). To obtain high a quality image or document please contact the DeLaMare Library at https://unr.libanswers.com/ or call: 775-784-6945.A three-dimensional finite-difference numerical model has been developed using the displacement field of solids as the unknown principal variable allowing for the simulation of granular displacement in three dimensions

QUANTIFICATION OF TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL RECHARGE TO THE FRACTURED-ROCK AQUIFER SYSTEM OF PLOEMEUR, FRANCE

International audienceQuantifying recharge remains a difficult challenge due to the uncertainties associated with the extent to which the vadose zone affects water levels and groundwater movement in an often highly heterogeneous aquifer system that is being monitored. The primary goal of this study is to assess the hydrogeologic properties that have led the unique recharge signals within the fractured crystalline-rock aquifer system near Ploemeur, France. Infiltration and groundwater movement are characterized via time-series hydraulic head and precipitation data collected at daily, monthly, yearly, and at decadal intervals. In spite of the nearly one million cubic meters of groundwater extraction, measured drawdowns are marginal, suggesting that local and regional recharge plays a significant role in moderating water-level declines and raising questions as to the origins of the substantial inflow required to sustain this complex system. A roughly two-month lag has been observed between seasonal water level and monthly precipitation at Ploemeur, which has previously been attributed solely to slow vertical migration of water through the low-permeability micaschist layer to the fractured contact zone and interconnected fault. However, results from this study suggest that a significant portion of the observed lag can be attributed to vadose-zone processes, particularly the thickness of the vadose zone. This investigation also reveals a recharge signal that continues throughout the calendar year, departing from the traditional simplified concept that recharge quantity is essentially equivalent to the value of evapotranspiration subtracted from infiltration