Ethnopharmacology in the Vicinity of the Botanical Garden of the Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Brazil

This study aimed to collect ethnopharmacological data in communities in the vicinity of the Botanical Garden of the Federal University of Juiz de Fora regarding the use of medicinal plants, and to scientifically validate the information with the scientific literature, aiming to inform the future planting of a community medicinal garden. Data and botanical material were collected with the population and key informants. The collected material was identified and registered at the CESJ herbarium. The informant community identified 104 medicinal species, with 25 species highlighted for further analysis based on consensus by a subset of key informants. The use-value and agreement regarding the main use of each species were calculated, and the primary use was validated through scientific literature. From statistical analysis and pharmacological confirmations of the listed species, we found that Mentha spicata L., Vernonanthura phosphorica (Vell.) H.Rob., and Gossypium hirsutum L. were considered the most important species relative to use-value among the 25 listed species that could be used in the proposed community medicinal garden. Sixteen species were scientifically confirmed regarding agreement and main use. Among the plants with the highest agreement taking into account the main use index, only V. phosphorica showed no concordance between popular knowledge and academic science

Local ecological knowledge and its relationship with biodiversity conservation among two Quilombola groups living in the Atlantic Rainforest, Brazil

Information on the knowledge, uses, and abundance of natural resources in local communities can provide insight on conservation status and conservation strategies in these locations. The aim of this research was to evaluate the uses, knowledge and conservation status of plants in two Quilombolas (descendants of slaves of African origin) communities in the Atlantic rainforest of Brazil, Sao Sebastiao da Boa Vista (SSBV) and Sao Bento (SB). We used a combination of ethnobotanical and ecological survey methods to ask: 1) What ethnobotanical knowledge do the communities hold? 2) What native species are most valuable to them? 3) What is the conservation status of the native species used? Thirteen local experts described the names and uses of 212 species in SSBV (105 native species) and 221 in SB (96 native species). Shannon Wiener diversity and Pielou's Equitability indices of ethnobotanical knowledge of species were very high (5.27/0.96 and 5.28/0.96, respectively). Species with the highest cultural significance and use-value indexes in SSBV were Dalbergia hortensis (26/2.14), Eremanthus erythropappus (6.88/1), and Tibouchina granulosa (6.02/1); while Piptadenia gonoacantha (3.32/1), Sparattosperma leucanthum (3.32/1) and Cecropia glaziovii (3.32/0.67) were the highest in SB. Thirty-three native species ranked in the highest conservation priority category at SSBV and 31 at SB. D. hortensis was noteworthy because of its extremely high cultural importance at SSBV, and its categorization as a conservation priority in both communities. This information can be used towards generating sustainable use and conservation plans that are appropriate for the local communities.Programa de Pos-Graduacao em Ecologia of Universidade Federal de Juiz de ForaCoordenacao de Aperfeicoamento Pessoal de Nivel Superior (CAPES)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPq)University of Hawaii at ManoaUniv Fed Juiz de Fora, Dept Bot, Juiz De Fora, MG, BrazilUniv Hawaii Manoa, Dept Bot, Honolulu, HI 96822 USACtr Ensino Super Juiz de Fora, Dept Ciencias Biol, Juiz De Fora, MG, BrazilUniv Fed Fluminense, Dept Quim Organ, Niteroi, RJ, BrazilUniv Fed Juiz de Fora, Dept Geog, Juiz De Fora, MG, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Ciencias Ambientais, Diadema, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Ciencias Ambientais, Diadema, SP, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Conhecimento ecológico local e sua interferência na conservação da biodiversidade botânica para três comunidades quilombolas residentes em contexto de floresta atlântica

The traditional ecological knowledge communities as the Quilombolas, brings considerations about the state of conservation of local species. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the traditional ecological knowledge as the botany sustainability in the Quilombolas communities: São Sebastião da Boa Vista (SSBV), São Bento (SB) and Colônia do Paiol (CP), for further subsidize plan management. We used: approach to community members; ethnobotanical data collection for all purposes; phytosociological data collection in forests; Quantitative analysis with the use of indexes to assess the importance of native species for the local culture and its preservation. Through 21 local experts: 7 of SSBV, 6 in SB and 8 CP; we obtained a list of 212 species SSBV (105 native species), 221 SB (96 native species) and 154 species CP (53 native species). For indexes that evaluated the importance of the species highlighted for SSBV, Dalbergia hortensis Heringer & al. (26 / 2.14) and SB: Piptadenia gonoacantha (Mart.) J.F.Macbr. (3.32 / 1). Based on the maximum conservation priority, SSBV presented 33 species and SB 32, as in CP not be accessed forests. When correlation indexes used, it was found that there is no correlation between the cultural importance of botanical species and their conservations. In CP, access to local forests is currently prohibited by local farmers took possession of such areas. The SSBV forest is predominantly composed of pioneer species and SB of early secondary species. It was concluded that the communities in question hold great knowledge about the use of local botany species; however, there is the need to implement strategies for reforestation, as well as sustainable management of production plan that prioritizes the preservation of certain local species. The reduction of forest areas draws attention to the immediate demarcation of Quilombo lands seeking not only to maintain the local culture, as well as the consequent conservation of flora biodiversity from natural resource management plan used.O conhecimento ecológico tradicional de comunidades como as Quilombolas, traz considerações sobre o estado de conservação das espécies locais. Desta forma, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi avaliar o conhecimento ecológico tradicional quanto a sustentabilidade de flora nas comunidades Quilombolas de São Sebastião da Boa Vista (SSBV), São Bento (SB) e Colônia do Paiol (CP), para subisidiar posterior plano de manejo. Utilizou-se: aproximação aos membros da comunidade; coleta de dados etnobotânicos para quaisquer usos; coleta de dados fitossociológicos nas florestas locais; análises quantitatívas com a aplicação de índices para avaliar a importância das espécies nativas para a cultura local e seus estados de conservação. Através de 21 especialistas locais, sendo 7 em SSBV, 6 em SB e 8 em CP, obteve-se uma lista de 212 espécies em SSBV (105 espécies nativas), 221 em SB (96 espécies nativas) e 154 espécies em CP (53 espécies nativas). Para os índices que avaliaram a importância da espécies, destacaram para SSBV, Dalbergia hortensis Heringer & al. (26 / 2.14) e para SB: Piptadenia gonoacantha (Mart.) J.F.Macbr. (3,32 / 1). Com base na prioridade máxima de conservação, SSBV apresentou 33 espécies e SB 32, já em CP não se foi possível acessar as florestas. Quando se relacionou os índices utilizados, verificou-se que não existe correlação entre a importância cultural das espécies botânicas e suas conservações. Em CP, o acesso às florestas locais é atualmente proíbido pelos fazendeiros locais que tomaram posse de tais áreas. A floresta de SSBV é predominantemente composta por espécies pioneiras e em SB de espécies secundárias iniciais. Concluiu-se que as comunidades em questão detêm grande conhecimento sobre o uso das floras locais, entretanto, há a necessidade de se implementar estratégias para a recomposição florestal, além da produção de plano de manejo sustentável que priorize a preservação de determinadas espécies locais. A diminuíção dos espaços florestais, chama a atenção para a demarcação imediata das terras Quilombolas visando não somente a manutenção da cultura local, como também a consequente conservação da biodiversidade de flora à partir de plano de manejo dos recursos naturais utilizados.CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superio

Local ecological knowledge and its relationship with biodiversity conservation among two <i>Quilombola</i> groups living in the Atlantic Rainforest, Brazil

<div><p>Information on the knowledge, uses, and abundance of natural resources in local communities can provide insight on conservation status and conservation strategies in these locations. The aim of this research was to evaluate the uses, knowledge and conservation status of plants in two Quilombolas (descendants of slaves of African origin) communities in the Atlantic rainforest of Brazil, São Sebastião da Boa Vista (SSBV) and São Bento (SB). We used a combination of ethnobotanical and ecological survey methods to ask: 1) What ethnobotanical knowledge do the communities hold? 2) What native species are most valuable to them? 3) What is the conservation status of the native species used? Thirteen local experts described the names and uses of 212 species in SSBV (105 native species) and 221 in SB (96 native species). Shannon Wiener diversity and Pielou’s Equitability indices of ethnobotanical knowledge of species were very high (5.27/0.96 and 5.28/0.96, respectively). Species with the highest cultural significance and use-value indexes in SSBV were <i>Dalbergia hortensis</i> (26/2.14), <i>Eremanthus erythropappus</i> (6.88/1), and <i>Tibouchina granulosa</i> (6.02/1); while <i>Piptadenia gonoacantha</i> (3.32/1), <i>Sparattosperma leucanthum</i> (3.32/1) and <i>Cecropia glaziovii</i> (3.32/0.67) were the highest in SB. Thirty-three native species ranked in the highest conservation priority category at SSBV and 31 at SB. <i>D</i>. <i>hortensis</i> was noteworthy because of its extremely high cultural importance at SSBV, and its categorization as a conservation priority in both communities. This information can be used towards generating sustainable use and conservation plans that are appropriate for the local communities.</p></div

Gender, age, and number of local specialists with knowledge of different plant use categories in São Sebastião da Boa Vista (SSBV) and São Bento (SB).

<p>Gender, age, and number of local specialists with knowledge of different plant use categories in São Sebastião da Boa Vista (SSBV) and São Bento (SB).</p

Plant uses by <i>Quilombolas</i> of São Sebastião da Boa Vista (SSBV) and São Bento (SB)–listing by categories adapted from Galeano [23].

<p>Plant uses by <i>Quilombolas</i> of São Sebastião da Boa Vista (SSBV) and São Bento (SB)–listing by categories adapted from Galeano [<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0187599#pone.0187599.ref023" target="_blank">23</a>].</p

Aerial overview of the communities.

<p>A: São Sebastião da Boa Vista; B: São Bento.</p

Comparison of ethnobotanical diversity indices compiled from studies of traditional communities in Brazil.

<p>Comparison of ethnobotanical diversity indices compiled from studies of traditional communities in Brazil.</p

Successional stages of native forest trees in São Sebastião da Boa Vista (SSBV) and São Bento (SB).

<p>Results are expressed in percentage (%).</p