Nebraska Trapping

Fur bearers and trapping played an important role in the exploration and development of Nebraska. The harvest of our fur-bearer resource is part of every Nebraskan\u27s heritage. Wise use of the resource and consideration for other people\u27s property and personal rights can insure that trapping will remain a part of the heritage of future generations. The purpose of this publication is to help insure this heritage ... through the educational process. Knowledge of and respect for the resource, as well as consideration for other people, are the keys to perpetuating trapping as an outdoor activity. While primarily designed to assist the young or novice trapper, this manual should benefit veterans as well. Contrary to popular belief, you can teach an old dog new tricks. Trapping is a biologically sound and legitimate use of a renewable natural resource. In fact, it is our primary means of managing fur-bearer populations, and management is essential to the health and well-being of all wildlife species. Significant problems develop for both the wildlife and man when management is not practiced and numbers are allowed to exceed what the habitat or environment will support. An Open Letter to Trappers • Trapping ... Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow • Pre-Season Preparation • Muskrat • Mink • Beaver • Raccoon • Opossum • Coyote • Fox • Skunk • Badger • Weasel • Releasing an Unwanted Catch • After the Catch • Trapping Summary • Trapper\u27s Cree

Rank-based multiple test procedures and simultaneous confidence intervals

We study simultaneous rank procedures for unbalanced designs with independent observations. The hypotheses are formulated in terms of purely nonparametric treatment effects. In this context, we derive rank-based multiple contrast test procedures and simultaneous confidence intervals which take the correlation between the test statistics into account. Hereby, the individual test decisions and the simultaneous confidence intervals are compatible. This means, whenever an individual hypothesis has been rejected by the multiple contrast test, the corresponding simultaneous confidence interval does not include the null, i.e. the hypothetical value of no treatment effect. The procedures allow for testing arbitrary purely nonparametric multiple linear hypotheses (e.g. many-to-one, all-pairs, changepoint, or even average comparisons). We do not assume homogeneous variances of the data; in particular, the distributions can have different shapes even under the null hypothesis. Thus, a solution to the multiple nonparametric Behrens-Fisher problem is presented in this unified framework.DFG/Br 655/16-1DFG/HO 1687/9-

Are multiple contrast tests superior to the ANOVA?

Multiple contrast tests can be used to test arbitrary linear hypotheses by providing local and global test decisions as well as simultaneous confidence intervals. The ANOVA-F-test on the contrary can be used to test the global null hypothesis of no treatment effect. Thus, multiple contrast tests provide more information than the analysis of variance (ANOVA) by offering which levels cause the significance. We compare the exact powers of the ANOVA-F-test and multiple contrast tests to reject the global null hypothesis. Hereby, we compute their least favorable configurations (LFCs). It turns out that both procedures have the same LFCs under certain conditions. Exact power investigations show that their powers are equal to detect their LFCs. © 2013 Elsevier BV

Robustness considerations in selecting efficient two-color microarray designs

The main goal of microarray experiments is to select a small subset of genes that are differentially expressed among competing mRNA samples. For a given set of such mRNA samples, it is possible to consider a number of two-color cDNA microarray designs with a fixed number of arrays. Appropriate criteria can be used to select an efficient design from such a set of alternative experimental designs. In practice, however, microarray expression data often contain missing observations and the most efficient design (with complete observations) for a specific setup may not be efficient in the presence of missing observations. In this article, we propose two criteria to address the robustness of microarray designs against missing observations. We demonstrate the simultaneous use of efficiency and robustness criteria to select good microarray designs for both one-factor and multi-factor experiments. Contact: [email protected]

Low-dose intranasal versus oral midazolam for routine body MRI of claustrophobic patients

The purpose of this study was to assess prospectively the potential of low-dose intranasal midazolam compared to oral midazolam in claustrophobic patients undergoing routine body magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Seventy-two adult claustrophobic patients referred for body MRI were randomly assigned to one of two treatment groups (TG1 and TG2). The 36 patients of TG1 received 7.5mg midazolam orally 15min before MRI, whereas the 36 patients of TG2 received one (or, if necessary, two) pumps of a midazolam nasal spray into each nostril immediately prior to MRI (in total, 1 or 2mg). Patients' tolerance, anxiety and sedation were assessed using a questionnaire and a visual analogue scale immediately before and after MRI. Image quality was evaluated using a five-point-scale. In TG1, 18/36 MRI examinations (50%) had to be cancelled, the reduction of anxiety was insufficient in 12/18 remaining patients (67%). In TG2, 35/36 MRI examinations (97%) were completed successfully, without relevant adverse effects. MRI image quality was rated higher among patients of TG2 compared to TG1 (p<0.001). Low-dose intranasal midazolam is an effective and patient-friendly solution to overcome anxiety in claustrophobic patients in a broad spectrum of body MRI. Its anxiolytic effect is superior to that of the orally administrated for

Analysis of Mechanical Strain in AlGaN/GaN HFETs

Herein, the influence of mechanical strain induced by passivation layers on the electrical performance of AlGaN/GaN heterostructure field-effect transistor is investigated. We studied the physical mechanism of a threshold voltage (Vth) shift for the monolithically fabricated on/off devices reported earlier by our group. For that, theoretical calculations, simulation-based analysis, and nano-beam electron diffraction (NBED) measurements based on STEM are used. Strain distribution in the gate vicinity of transistors is compared for a SiNx passivation layer with intrinsic stress from ≈0.5 to −1 GPa for normally on and normally off devices, respectively. The strain in epitaxial layers transferred by intrinsic stress of SiNx is quantitatively evaluated using NEBD method. Strain dissimilarity Δε = 0.23% is detected between normally on and normally off devices. Using this method, quantitative correlation between 1.13 V of Vth shift and microscopic strain difference in the epitaxial layers caused by 1.5 GPa intrinsic stress variation in passivation layer is provided. It is showed in this correlation that about half of the reported threshold voltage shift is induced by strain, i.e., by the piezoelectric effect. The rest of Vth shift is caused by the fabrication process. Therefore, various components/mechanisms contributing to the measured Vth shift are distinguished